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Archimedes principle
The mass of the water displaced by the
block of material equals the mass of the
whole block
Thus for a material with a lower density
than water, the proportion of material above
the water surface is constant
For example wood (density 0.8 gm/cm) will
have 20% of its mass above water (density
of 1.0 gm/cm). Thus for a 1 m block 0.2 m
will be above water and 0.8 m below, but
for a 2 m block .4 m will be above water
and 1.6 m below
Fig. 6.28
Fig. 6.29
Isostasy &
Mountain Roots
Fig. 6.31
Mountain-Types
Fault-Block Mountains
Formed from tensional
stress
Normal Faulting
Example: Basin and
Range Provinces SW
USA
Mountain-Types
Upwarped Mountains
Formed from compressional stress
Broad arching of the crust or great vertical displacement
along faults
Example: Black Hills SD
Mountain-Types
Folded Mountains
Mountain-Types
Volcanic Mountains
Formed volcanic activity
Associated with plate
boundaries or hot spots
Example: Cascade Mts. Or
mountains within Japan
Convergence
Zones
Oceanic-Continental
Accreted Terranes
As exotic blocks collide
with continents they
become sutured to the
continent.
The blocks are referred to
accreted terranes
Accreted Terranes are
island arcs, portions of
ocean floor, fragments of
continental crust
Convergence
Zones
Oceanic-Oceanic
Volcanic Chains
Examples:
Japan,
Philippines
Collision Zones
Folded Mt. Belts
Thrust Faults
Remnants of Volcanic
Chains
Examples: Alps,
Himalayas
Continental Rifting
Fault-block mountains
Mountain
Building
Multiple
Events
Example:
Appalachian
Mountains
camera axis
1-vertical photographs
2-horizontal or terrestrial
photographs
3-oblique photographs
of red.
-the differentiation between types
of healthy and unhealthy
vegetation is brought out in
distinctive colours.
-infrared colour with the
combination of panchromatic
capabilities.