AISI 316/316L/316Ti - DIN 1.4401/1.4404/1.

4571
DEFINITION:
Grade 316 is the molybdenum-bearing (Mo) grade, second in importance to 304 amongst the austenitic
stainless steels. The molybdenum (Mo) gives 316 better overall corrosion resistant properties than Grade
304, particularly higher resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion on the service and in the material. It has
excellent forming and welding characteristics. It has multi-purpose utilization in sectors such as industry,
architecture and transportation. Post-weld annealing is not required when welding thin sections.
Grade 316L is the low carbon version of 316. Therefore, post-welding annealing is not required when
welding thick sections as well in Grade 316L.
316Ti includes low amounts of titanium (Ti) at around 0.5%. This grade offers the advantage of prolonged
endurance at elevated temperatures compared to the other two grades.
CHEMICAL COMPOSITION:

Grade

Mn

Si

Cr

Mo

Ni

Min

16.0

2.00

10.0

Max

0.08

2.0

0.75

0.045

0.03

18.0

3.00

14.0

0.10

Min

16.0

2.00

10.0

Max

0.03

2.0

0.045

0.03

18.0

3.00

14.0

0.10

Min

16.5

2.00

10.5

Ti

Max

0.08

2.0

0.75

0.045

0.03

18.5

3.00

14.5

0.50

316

316L
0.75

316Ti

CORROSION RESISTANCE:
Excellent in a normal range of corrosive media, more resistant than 304. Subject to internal material pitting
and crevice corrosion in warm acidic environments and to stress corrosion cracking above 60C.
Considered resistant to potable water with about 1,000 mg/L chlorides at ambient temperatures, reducing
about to 500 mg/L at 60C.
HEAT RESISTANCE:

316 has good oxidation resistance in intermittent service to 870C and in continuous service to 925C.
However, it will have reduced aqueous corrosion resistance in the temperature range of 425-860C. Grade
316L is more resistant to carbide precipitation since it has lower carbon (C) percentages.
HEAT TREATMENT:
Heat to 1010 1120C and cool rapidly. Cannot be hardened through thermal treatment.
WELDING:
Excellent weldability by all standard methods such as; electrode, gas, rod welding, etc.. Welding of 316 is
pre-qualified with Grade 316 and 316L with Grade 316L rods or electrodes. Heavy welded sections in Grade
316 require post-weld annealing, but this is not required in lighter welded sections. Grade 316L does not
require that even for heavy welded sections (e.g. for 6mm and over). Grade 316Ti should be used as an
alternative to 316 for heavy section welding.
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES:

Hardens
Grade

Tensile Strength
(MPa) min

Yield Strength
0.2% Proof
(MPa) min

Elongation
(% in 50mm)
min
Rockwell B (HR Brinell (HB) max
B) max

316

515

205

40

95

217

316L

485

170

40

95

217

316Ti

515

205

40

95

217

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES:

Elastic
Density
Quality
Modulus
(kg/m3)
(GPa)

Mean Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion
(m/m/C)

Thermal
Conductivity
(W/m.K)

0-100C 0-315C 0-538C At 100C At 500C

Specific
Heating ElectricResistivity
0-100C
(n.m)
(J/kg.K)

316/L/Ti

8000

193

15.9

16.2

17.5

16.3

21.5

500

740

OTHER COUNTRY NORMS:

British
Grade

Euronorm

UNS
No
BS

En

No

Name

sve
SS

Japon
JIS

316

S31600

316S31

58H, 58J

1.4401

X5CrNiMo1712-2

2347

SUS 316

316L

S31603

316S11

1.4404

X2CrNiMo1712-2

2348

SUS 316L

316Ti

S31609

316S51

1.4571

X6CrNiMoTi1712-2

SUS 316Ti

APPLICATIONS:

Food preparation equipment particularly in acidic environments.

Laboratory benches & equipment, medical equipment
Coastal architectural paneling, railings & trim
Boat and ship fittings
Chemical containers for transport
Heat Exchangers
Bolts, bolt pins, screws, etc.
Springs

IN STOCKS:
Bar, hexagon, strip, square, angle, sheet, pipe, fittings.