A

RESEARCH REPORT
ON
PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Submitted to Skyline Business School Gurgaon

In partial fulfillment of the requirements of

‘ II semester PGDBM program’

Submitted by:

Puneet Thakur

Roll No.1590

L1S2-Sec A

Skyline Business School

2008-2009
Head Office of Sai Engineering
Foundation Shimla

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 Declaration

I, Puneet having Roll No. 520826024 of MBA Semester 4 of Sikkim Manipal University
hereby declare that the project entitled Project Management is an original work and the same has not
been submitted to any other institute for award of any other degree. The interim report was presented
to the guide on 05/10/2009. The feasible suggestions have been duly incorporated in consultation with
the guide.

Signature of the candidate

Puneet

Counter signed

Mrs. Parul Nagar

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Acknowledgement
The materialization of this report has witnessed in numerous contributions from people in the form of
selfless criticism, valuable suggestions and above all power packed words of motivation. I am deeply
indebted to all of them and take this opportunity to express my feelings to all of them.

It is an immense pleasure that I take the privilege of thanking Mr. H.S Thakur (DGM) for having given
me an opportunity to do my summer Internship Project at Sai Engineering Foundation, New Shimla.

I would like to acknowledge my gratitude to the entire team of Sai Engineering Foundation for
imparting their knowledge and for being constant source of encouragement.

I express my sincere gratitude to Mr. Pradeep Puri, Director, Skyline Business School and placement
authority to undertake this project.

I consider it a great pleasure to express my gratitude to my friends for extending their full support
during the whole process of the project without which the project would not have been successful.

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CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this project of “Monitoring the projects in Himachal Pradesh” has been
completed successfully by Mr.Puneet, while doing his summer training under the supervision of
Mr. H. S. Thakur who is a Deputy General Manager of Sai Engineering Foundation

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Executive summary
My work in the company is to monitor the projects. Company has many Mini Hydel Projects in
Himachal Pradesh and Uttrakhand. They provide me three projects for monitoring. I had to gathered
information from these three projects on the daily bases and had to make a report that is daily progress
report. I had to ask the requirements and problems related to these projects from the project managers
and hand over them to related departments. I also ask the information about the machinery at the
different project sites and requirement of machinery and machinery tools. At the end of the month I
had to make monthly progress report of these projects and compare them with the targets which are
fixed for that month and then gave suggestion about the progress and utilization of resources at the
project sites.
There are three projects under me which are as follows:-
(1) Beas kund in Kullu distt.
(2) Manglad in Kinnaur distt.
(3) Therote in Kinnaur distt.

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Table of Content

S.No. Contents Page No.

1. Preface 1-6

2. 8-11
Introduction
3. Industry Profile & Company Profile 12

3.1 Industry Profile 12-20

3.2 Company Profile 21

3.3 Activities, Objectives & Organizational structure of 21-26

Sai Engineering Foundation
3.4 Organizational Structure 27

3.5 Completed Project & Ongoing Projects 28-31

3.6 SWOT analysis of Company 33-36

4. Methodology of Work 37-40

5. Observation & Learning 41

6. Recommendation 42-44

7. Bibliography 45

8.. Appendices 46-50

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 Introduction
Hydel Projects

WHAT IS A HYDRO ELECTRIC PROJECT ?

A hydroelectric project utilizes natural resource of water for generating electrical energy. The basic
components of a hydroelectric project are:

• An impounding structure such as a dam or a weir to store water for creating head and for controlled
utilization (for storage scheme) alternatively, a diversion structure such as a dam or a weir or a
barrage for diverting the flow to the water conductor system (for diversion scheme) .

• An intake structure containing trash rack and gate to control and regulate the flow into the water
conductor system.

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• A water conductor system containing an open channel and/or a tunnel with a forebay tank or a surge
shaft and penstock.

• A turbine, the prime mover of a hydro power project which may be either impulse type to convert
energy of water supplied in the form of kinetic energy such as pelton wheel or reaction type to
convert energy of water supplied mostly in the form of pressure energy such as Francis turbine.

• A generator to transform mechanical energy of the turbines to electric energy

• A power house for electro-mechanical machine installations

• A draft tube for conveying water from turbine to the tailrace and to recover large portion of the
kinetic energy of the flowing water

• A tail pool and/or a tailrace tunnel or tailrace channel for releasing the water back into a flowing
water body

Detailed Engineering For Hydro-Electric Power Projects:-

The scope of work is as detailed below: -

Scope of Work: -
1 Hydrological, structural design and complete working drawings. The scope of work involves
strict hydrological and structural designing of the components of hydel power project based upon
design discharge. Complete working drawings of the various components to suit the site
conditions.

Detailed Engineering comprises of Structural Design and Working Drawings of following

components:

i) Diversion Weir - The work involves the designing (hydrological and structural) of diversion
weir. Diversion weir may be of trench type or raised weir or solid weir. The design of the trash
rack keeping different coefficient in consideration as per prevailing conditions at diversion site.

ii)Intake Tank - The work involves the designing (Hydrological and structural) of intake tank
with proper drawings showing steel provided in different sections. This part of hydel project is
designed to receive the requisite discharge from the diversion weir

iii) Power Channel/Power Duct- Designing will done keeping in view the site conditions and
geology. Various option of Power channel like HDPE pipe or RCC channel in cut and cover or

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open channels are to be evaluated in view of the geology, economy and safety of the structure.
Most suitable & economical section shall be selected as per site conditions.

iv) Desilting Tank, Forebay Tank or Desilting-cum-Forebay Tank- The work involves
designing (hydrological and structural) of the tank. The complete working drawings showing
different components of the tank along with the different sections. Economy in designing will be
kept as per the site condition.

v) Penstock - Penstock liner is designed to carry the design discharge from forebay tank to
power house for power generation. It will be designed for most economical diameter and plate
thickness. Anchor blocks and saddle support will be designed according to the IS specification.
Complete drawings of the components will be supplied as per the site conditions.

vi) Spillway - This component is designed to spill out excess of discharge either through open
channel or through steel conduit. Complete and most economical section with detailed design
and specifications suitable as per site conditions shall be provided.

vii) Power House- Design of Power House will be solar passive, earth quake resistant and cost
effective. Sai Engineering Foundation is having efficient and experienced team to evaluate
innovative and economic design suitable for various site conditions including earthquake.

viii) Tail Race Channel- Tailrace channel is designed to discharge off water back to river. The
channel is designed to carry the requisite discharge coming from the power house. Either
RCC/Steel conduit/HDPE pipe shall be designed or most economical section of suitable material
quality will be proposed.

2. TENDER DOCUMENT - The work involves preparation of tender document and to assist
the developer in tendering process.

3. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION - The work involves preparation of documents containing

detailed specification of various items of work to be executed.

4. INVITATION OF BID FOR ELECTRO-MECHANICAL EQUIPMENTS - The work

involves invitation of price bid for electro-mechanical equipment and to assist developer in the
selection process of best equipment. The foundation shall also assist the developer for the
preparation of realistic cost justification.

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My work in the organization was to monitor the progress and gather the problems on these above
mention sites. After getting the daily progress from these sites, I have to make a daily progress report
and then to analyze that report. I also have to analyze that weather the performance is sufficient or
not on those projects. If there were any problems on any project, I have to handover the problem to
the relative department. I can also give suggestions on those problems.

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The above picture is a Hydro power project. It is the main activity of organization. Organization makes
Hydro power project and generate electricity. Company has projects all over Himachal Pradesh and
now also in Uttrakhand

12
Industry Profile And Company Profile
Industry Profile:-
Small Hydro Projects:-
Small hydro is the development of hydroelectric power on a scale serving a small community or
industrial plant. The definition of a small hydro project varies but a generating capacity of up to 10
megawatts (MW) is generally accepted as the upper limit of what can be termed small hydro. This may
be stretched to 25 MW and 30 MW in Canada and the USA. In contrast many hydroelectric projects
are of enormous size, such as the generating plant at the Hoover Dam (2,074 megawatts) or the vast
multiple projects of the Tennessee Valley Authority.

Small hydro can be further subdivided into mini hydro, usually defined as less than 1,000 kW, and
micro hydro which is less than 100 kW. Micro hydro is usually the application of hydroelectric power
sized for small communities, single families or small enterprise.

Small hydro plants may be connected to conventional electrical distribution networks as a source of
low-cost renewable energy. Alternatively, small hydro projects may be built in isolated areas that
would be uneconomic to serve from a network, or in areas where there is no national electrical
distribution network. Since small hydro projects usually have minimal reservoirs and civil construction
work, they are seen as having a relatively low environmental impact compared to large hydro. This
decreased environmental impact depends strongly on the balance between stream flow and power
production. One tool that helps evaluate this issue is the Flow Duration Curve or FDC. The FDC is a
Pareto curve of a stream's daily flow rate vs. frequency. Reductions of diversion help the river's
ecosystem, but reduce the hydro system's ROI. The hydro system designer and site developer must
strike a balance to maintain both the health of the stream and the economics.

Growth:-

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 During 2008 small hydro installations grew by 28% over year 2005 to raise the total world small
hydro capacity to 85 gigawatts. Over 70% of this was in China (with 65 GW), followed by Japan
(3.5 GW), the United States (3 GW) and India (2 GW).[1] China plans to electrify a further 10,000
villages by 2010 under their China Village Electrification Program using renewable energy,
including further investments in small hydro and photovoltaics.

Generation:-
Hydroelectric power is the generation of electric power from the movement of water. A
hydroelectric facility requires a dependable flow of water and a reasonable height of fall of water,
called the head. In a typical installation, water is fed from a reservoir through a channel or pipe
into a turbine. The pressure of the flowing water on the turbine blades causes the shaft to rotate.
The rotating shaft is connected to an electrical generator which converts the motion of the shaft
into electrical energy.

Small hydro is often developed using existing dams or through development of new dams whose
primary purpose is river and lake water-level control, or irrigation. Occasionally old, abandoned
hydro sites may be purchased and re-developed, sometimes salvaging substantial parts of the
installation such as penstocks and turbines, or sometimes just re-using the water rights associated
with an abandoned site. Either of these cost saving advantages can make the ROI for a small hydro
site well worth the use of existing site infrastructure & water rights.

Project Design: -
Many companies offer standardized turbine generator packages in the approximate size range of 200
kW to 10 MW. These "water to wire" packages simplify the planning and development of the site
since one vendor looks after most of the equipment supply. Since non-recurring engineering costs are
minimized and development cost is spread over multiple units, the cost of such systems is improved.
While synchronous generators capable of isolated plant operation are often used, small hydro plants

14
connected to an electrical grid system can use economical induction generators to further reduce
installation cost and simplify control and operation.

Micro-hydro plants may use purpose-designed turbines or use industrial centrifugal pumps,
connected in reverse to act as turbines. While these machines rarely have optimum hydraulic
characteristics when operated as turbines, their low purchase cost makes them attractive for micro-
hydro class installations.

Regulation of small hydro generating units may require diversion of water around the turbine, since
the project may have no reservoir to store unused water. For micro-hydro schemes feeding only a few
loads, a resistor bank may be used to dissipate electrical energy as heat during periods of low
demand. In a sense this energy is wasted but the incremental fuel cost is negligible so there is little
economic loss.

Other small hydro schemes may use tidal energy or propeller-type turbines immersed in flowing
water to extract energy. Tidal schemes may require water storage or electrical energy storage to level
out the intermittent (although exactly predictable) flow of power.

Since small hydro projects usually have minimal environmental and licensing procedures, and since
the equipment is usually in serial production, standardized and simplified, and since the civil works
construction is also small, small hydro projects may be developed very rapidly. The physically small
size of equipment makes it easier to transport to remote areas without good road or rail access.

Micro-hydro installations can also provide multiple uses. For instance, micro-hydro projects in rural
Asia have incorporated agro-processing facilities such as rice mills - alongside standard
electrification - into the project design.

SMALL HYDRO DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME IN HIMACHAL

PRADESH
Himachal Pradesh has a vast hydel potential to the tune of approx. 21,000 MW (approx. 750 MW
under Small Hydro Sector) in the five river basins, 6037 MW harnessed so far. Small hydropower
has been recognized as re-liable, eco-friendly and renewable energy source, which can be
exploited in decentralized and cost effective manner. Himachal Pradesh Government attaches
significant importance to the exploitation of small hydro potential

River basin wise hydro power potential in Himachal Pradesh:

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 BASIN ESTIMATED POTENTIAL

• SATLUJ 9657 MW
• BEAS 4398 MW
• YAMUNA 1073 MW
• RAVI 2315 MW
• CHENAB 3301 MW
• SMALL/MICRO 750 MW
• TOTAL 21494 MW

Ongoing Projects
Private Sector Participation
The State Government has taken several initiatives to encourage private sector participation in
small hydro power development. Himachal Pradesh is among the few States, which has
streamlined and crystallized the various procedures to minimize the bottlenecks and has also
finalized the Implementation Agreement and Power Purchase Agreements for small hydro
projects.

The process of exploitation of hydel potential in small hydro sector through private sector
participation began during 1995-96. Since then, the allotment of project sites has been a
continuous process and till 31st Dec, 2006, MOUs for 299 projects have been signed. 93

16
 projects have been cancelled / declared unviable for various reasons. At present 206 projects with
an aggregate capacity of 547.50 MW are in existence, out of which eight projects with an
aggregate capacity of 20.65 MW stands commissioned and 90 projects with an aggregate capacity
of 299.40 MW are at Implementation Stage. Rest of the projects i.e. 108 Nos. with an aggregate
capacity of 227.45 MW are at MOUs stage. Power Purchase Agreements for 38 projects have
been signed.

Why Small Hydro Power?

• Reliable, eco-friendly and best suited to the sensitive mountain ecology.

• Does not involve problems of deforestation, submergence or rehabilitation.
• Small capital investment and low gestation period.
• Negligible requirement of working capital and very low O&M costs.
• Minimal transmission losses.

Why invest in Hydro Project?

• A large hydro potential in H.P.
• An attractive package of incentives and a strong commitment of the State Govt.
• Implementation Agreement & PPA finalized and signed with several IPPs.
• Ever increasing demand for power in North India.
• Well developed road network within the State ensuring easy accessibility of sites.
• Peaceful industrial climate.
• A well knit communication network with Telecommunication/Fax facilities.
• Extensive network of high/medium/low voltage lines in the State.

Incentives by State Government (Himachal Pradesh):-

• Power to be purchased by HPSEB @ Rs. 2.87 per unit.

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• Wheeling charges for captive use within the State @ 2% and for captive use outside the State @
10%.

• Banking of energy allowed.

• Deemed generation allowed.

• Third party sale of power, outside the State, allowed.

• No royalty for usage of water for projects up to 5 MW for the first 12 years, thereafter @ 12% for
next 18 years.

• Electricity generated for captive use exempted from payment of electricity duty for 5 years.

Industrial units setting up Hydro projects for captive use exempted from demand charges up to
30%.

Special Category States (NE

Power Project Region, Sikkam, J&K ,HP Other States
& uttranchal)

Small Hydro Power 2.25 Crores X Rs 1.50 Crores X

Project ( C MW)^0.646 ( C MW )^0.646

FISCAL INCENTIVE FOR SMALL HYDRO SCHEMES:-

• Schemes involving capital up to Rs. 1000 Million need no Environmental Clearances from
Ministry of Environment & Forests (MOEF).

• Ten years Tax holidays on grid interactive power generation projects.

• Term loans through IREDA for schemes up to 25 MW.

• Customs duty exemption for Electro-Mechanical Equipment.

• Excise duty exemption for Electro-mechanical Equipment.

Allotment Procedure:-

• Applications to be considered for allotment by High Powered Committee.

• Investors to deposit non-refundable processing fee of Rs. 1.00 Lac per project.

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• Investors to submit bank guarantee of Rs.2.00 Lac per MW towards security.

• MOUs to be signed by investors for detailed survey & investigation and preparation of DPRs.

• DPRs to be based on discharge data for min. two lean seasons ( Nov. to March )

• Implementation Agreement and PPA to be signed after techno-economic clearance of DPR.

• HPSEB will clear all dues if a private party on account of purchase of power within thirty days
from the receipt of the bill, failing which penalty @ 1.5% per month will be payable by HPSEB.
The HPSEB shall open a a revolving Letter of Credit (LC) to ensure timely payment for which
the charges shall be borne by the Company. The LC provision shall be applicable only in case
where the entire power is sold to HPSEB (excluding royalty). The payment to private investor
shall also be covered by Government guarantee.

• The deemed generation shall be payable in case of non-availability or partial availability of

evacuation system beyond the interconnection point.

Himachal Beckons You: -

• Small Hydro Power potential of more than 750 MW in H. P.

• An attractive package of incentives.

• Overwhelming response in the previous phases.

• Ever increasing demand of power in North India.

• Easy access by road/train/air.

• Escort service by HIMURJA/HPSEB.

• Well developed road network within the State and easy accessibility to the sites.

• Peaceful industrial climate – Excellent rapport between workforce and industry. A cooperative
labour pool/workforce.

• A salubrious climate.

• Well knit communication network with FAX/ STD/ISD facilities available in all corners of
the State

• An extensive network of high/medium/low tension lines enabling easy connectivity to grid.

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STEPS INVOLVED IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALL HYDEL POWER
PROJECT: -

➢ Identification of project
➢ Reconnaissance survey
➢ Discharge assessment for two years
➢ Inspection of surface geology
➢ Topographical surveys
➢ Submission of pre-feasibility report
➢ Geological surveys and investigations
➢ Submission of detailed surveys & investigations report
➢ Hydro power planning
➢ Engineering design (hydrological)
➢ Electrical system design
➢ Construction material surveys
➢ Cost analysis
➢ Cost estimate
➢ Economic and financial analysis
➢ Environmental and ecological aspects
➢ Preparation of detailed project report.

Opportunities in this sector: -

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➢ Consultancy services
➢ Detailed survey and investigation
➢ Liaison work for obtaining clearance
➢ Detail design and Engineering
➢ EPC contracts
➢ Construction of [projects
➢ O & M of commissioning project

Company profile:

Sai Engineering Foundation:-

The Sai Engineering Foundation is a voluntary organization registered in accordance with

society’s registration Act XXI of 1860. It is working for the welfare of humanity without the
distinction of caste, colour, creed, region and religion in numerous ways. This Foundation is
promoting technical education, providing scholarship to economically weaker candidates,
providing gainful employment opportunities to unemployed youth, working for the environ-
mental protection and natural disaster mitigation.

It is also undertaking the activities of construction of such projects. This Foundation is also
organizing Joint Venture with the private investors for the speedy exploitation of the power
potential of the small streams, through the development of micro/mini/small hydroelectric power
projects.

The foundation is providing financial help to the economically weaker students. It is working on
earthquake resistant designs of buildings and other structures including Earthquake Disaster
Mitigation and creating general awareness in the public. It is contributing to the relief funds
during disasters. Provides training in specific fields to unemployed youth so as to create self
employment opportunities. The Foundation is trying to device low cost housing technologies to
help the economically weaker section of the society. It is promoting mini/micro hydel power

21
 projects. It is imparting advanced knowhow to the professionals in the field of engineering and
technology. Sai Foundation is also striving to make education really important & purposeful.

The activities of Sai Engineering Foundation can broadly be categories as followed:-

• Design and Construction.

• Employment Generation Services.
• Social Welfare and Charitable Activities.
• Education and Human Resources Development.

Design & Consultancy: -

The foundation is extending consultancy services in the field of structural/architectural designs so that
various organizations are able to undertake safe and engineered construction. It is providing design and
consultancy in the following fields

(1) Civil, Electrical & Mechanical Engineering

(2) Topographical and Geological Surveys
(3) Soil Investigation
(4) Mini Micro Hydel Power Projects
(5) Detailed Engineering for Hydro-Electric Power Projects

(1) Civil Electrical and Mechanical Engineering: -

a) Proposal drawings (Various Alternatives)

b) Detailed Architectural Drawings on the basis of selected proposals.

c) Soil Investigation to ascertain the bearing capacity of the soil for structural design (Standard
penetration test or Dynamic Penetration test or Plate Load test)as per the site conditions.(Soil

22
testing report is to be submitted)

d) Three Dimensional Structural Analysis

i) Dead Load Analysis + Live Load Analysis
ii) Seismic Analysis(Earthquake Loading)
(Design and analysis calculations are required to be submitted)

e) Structural Design and Detailed working of

i) Foundation Design and Detail.
ii) Design and Detail of Columns foundation up to plinth level.
iii) Design and detail of plinth beams.
iv) Design and detail of Columns and beams on all the floors.
v) Design and detail of stair case.
vi) Design and Detail of roof.

f) Electrical designing of entire building complex.

g) Sanitary and plumbing design including design of septic tanks, rain water harvesting tank.

h) Detailed estimate of Cost

i) Civil Component
ii) Electrical Component
iii) Water Supply and sanitary

i) Preparation of technical specifications in respect of civil, electrical, and sanitary works.

j) Preparation of Tender Documents

(2) Topographical Surveys: -

The organization is having modern techniques of surveys like Total Stations.

1) Utility.
i) Remote Elevation Measurement.
ii) Area Calculation.

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 iii) Volume Calculation.
iv) Point to line measurement.

2) Facilities.
i) Can generate Contours.
ii) Elevation Calculation for any point.
iii) Cross section at a specific interval.
iv) L-Sections.

Geological Surveys
Organization is providing full know-how with respect to the Himalayan Geology.

(3) Soil Investigation: -

Different Soil investigation techniques employed are

1) Field test like

i) Standard Penetration Test.
ii) Dynamic Penetration Test.
iii) Plate Load Test.(As per site conditions)

2) Determination of the Bearing Capacity of the soil.

3) Dry Density of the Soil.

(4) Mini / Micro Hydel Power Project: -

Detailed Project Report

1) Reconnaissance Survey.
2) Discharge Assessment.
3) Inspection of Surface Geology.
4) Topographic Survey.

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 5) Preparation of Pre-feasibility Report.
6) Geological Survey.
7) Detailed Survey and Investigation Report.
8) Hydro Power Planning.
9) Engineering Design (Hydrological).
10) Electrical System Design.
11) Construction material Surveys.
12) Construction.
13) Cost Estimate.
14) Economic and Financial Analysis.
15) Environmental and Ecological Aspects.
16) Preparation of Detailed Project Report (DPR).

Objective of the firm: -

➢ Technical training and financial assistance

➢ Earthquake Disaster Mitigation
➢ Relief operation
➢ Environment protection
➢ Low cost housing
➢ Employment generation
➢ Design and construction
➢ Development of Hydel projects
➢ Imparting advance know-how
➢ Education on human values

Activities: -

➢ Technical training
➢ Financial assistance

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 ➢ Earthquake Disaster Mitigation
➢ Environmental Protection
➢ Relief operation
➢ Low cost housing
➢ Low cost water management solution
➢ Employment Generation
➢ Design and construction
➢ Soil investigation
➢ Development of Hydro power projects

Charitable And Welfare Activities: -

Sai Scholarship:-

Foundation has made a humble beginning of proving financial support through SAI AHOLARSHIP to
660 economically weaker students all over the state without any distinction of caste, color, creed, and
religion or region.

Blood donation camps:-

Foundation regularly organizes blood donation camps for the benefit of rural and under privileged
section of the society.

Education spirituality and human values:-

Organization also organizes spiritual discourses, bhajans, and Yoga lectures to inculcate morale and
human values. In this direction the foundation has taken on itself the task of establishing
“HIMALYAN CENTRE OF HUMAN RESOURSE DEVELOPMENT” at Dharampur where
imparting education and human values will be one of the prime objectives.

26
Eye Treatment camps:-

Foundation also organizes eye treatment camps in remote villages and provides medicines and
spectacles free of cost.

The Foundation also propagates the message of “Shri-Satya-Sai Baba”.

“Love all- Serve all”,

“Help ever-Hurt never”.

Organizational structure of the

company

27
The Foundation is being governed and guided by a General house, Advisory board and Managing
Committee, comprising of highly qualified, distinguished and experienced persons.

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Project completed: -

➢ Titang Mini hydel project in Distt. Kinnour

It is a 900 KW Hydro Power Project to serve the tribal population. It is at an altitude of 2600 m. this
was the first private hydro power project at such an altitude with the intention to serve the local
intention.

➢ Lngti Mini Hydel Power project, Kaza in Distt. Lahaul & Spiti

In a landlocked area of spiti vally constructed a 400 KW hydel power project for H.P. state Energy
Development Agency (HIMUTJA)

➢ Kothi Mini Hydel power project at Manali, Distt. Kullu

In the Pir-Panjal mountain ranges design, constructed and executed the work for HIMURJA.

➢ Satnal/Juthed Mini Hydel power project in distt. Chamba

Designed, constructed and executed the work of Santal Mini hydel power project on the Ravi
drainage system. The foundation undertook construction of major civil components Wear, Desilting
Tank, Penstock and power house.

➢ Ching Mini Hydel power project in Distt. Shimla

In pabbar vally of Shimla distt. Completed 1.00 MW hydro project for M/S Hateshwari Om power
enterprises Pvt. Ltd. With an record time.

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 ➢ Costruction of mehlii flats at Shimla

Foundation has undertaken the construction of residential flats with solar passive, earthquake
resistant design at a reasonable cost at Shimla.

➢ Construction of Auditorium cum Meditation centre

One of the most satisfactory achievement of the foundation has been undertaking the

Construction of spiritual – cum – education centre for Sri Trust at Pujarli near

Shimla.

➢ Construction of school building at Pujarli

Foundation provided design and construction of school building by Sri Satya Sai trust at Pujarli,
shimla.

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 Ongoing projects: -

➢ Marhi Mini hydel power project in distt. Kullu

This project is the first joint- venture of the foundation with M/s Mahajan Group, Delhi. It is run of
river scheme on the Beas tributary about 39 Km upstream of Manali towards Rohtang Pass. The
project envisages to generate 5.00 MW of power at an estimated cost of Rs. 25 Crores.

➢ Toss Mini hydel power project in distt. Kullu

This project is also run of river scheme for power generation of 5.00 MW on Toss Nallah. The
estimated cost is Rs. 26.59 Crores. The project is also being executed in joint venture with
Mahajan Group.

➢ Serbari-2 Mini hydel power project in distt. Kullu

This project is situated in Distt. Kullu. This project is start where Sarbari-1 is ended.This project is
start from power house of Serbari-1. Its capacity is to generate 2 MW. There is a tunnel of 3.6 km.
From where 2350m tunnel has completed and 1300m remains. There is work on progress on 8
phases and app. 2 m is daily progress from there.

➢ Kut Mini hydel power project in Rampur

This project is situated in Rampur in Shimla distt. in H. P. There is also work is going on. Its
capacity is to generate 24 MW. It is the biggest project of the foundation. There is a tunnel of 3.2
Km. App. 200m is completed and 3Km is remaining.

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➢ Barua Mini hydel power project in Distt. Kinnour

This project is situated in distt. Kinnour, H.P. This is going to start. There is some problem with
landlord right now. The capacity of this project is to generate 5 MW. There will be two Adits in
tunnel. And there is a tunnel of app. 1.5 Km.

➢ Manglad Mini hydel power project in Distt. Kinnour

Manlad is situated near Rampur in distt. Shimla. It is also an ongoing project. On this project
construction work is going on with a great pace. There work was going on different sites like
tunnel inlet, tunnel outlet, adit 1, adit 2, power house, penstock etc. Work on some sites
completed during our summer training and we learnt how to work on these sites. On this site
almost all the monthly targets had achieved during our training program. Its capacity is to
generate 5 MW. The starting date of this project Feb. 2009 and last date of this project is June
2011.

➢ Therote micro hydel project

This project is situated in distt. Kinnour, H.P. This project is in its initiating stage but due to
lack of machinery and human resources the progress on this project was very low. Gathering
the information from this site was most difficult because of the signal problem of cell phone
there. The capacity of this project is to generate 5 MW.

32
Balance Sheet As on 31 march 2009

33
Liabilities Amount Assets Amount

4,68,74,6 61,92,79,
Capital Account 34 Fix Assets 734

Capital fund a/c

4,68,67,747 Capital Exp. For Mehli
Member contribution 7,48,10,081
6,887 Capital Invest. For
48,13,54,7 Tangling4,07,06,111
Loan (liability) 75 Capital Invest. For toss
Secured loan 21,88,46,305
11,23,37,437
Unsecured loan Cap. Invest. Shying
36,90,17,337 13,94,34,395

College building D/pur

18,09,62,7 79,35,470
Current liabilities
95
Advance a/c Computer & printer
3,36,07,224 3,63,000 8,99,98,3
Contractor 90
4,23,102 Electrical appliance
Expenses payable 7,44,127
51,35,034
Electronic equipment
Mobilization advance
12,09,904
4,12,91,223
Security payable Furniture & fixture
32,58,429 18,12,992
Sundry creditors
91,75,042 Land
Advance against 36,72,321
mehli2,17,99,276
Library
Cheque issued but not
2,13,873
92,44,895
Deposit a/c Machinery & vehicle
19,40,031 Depreciation 3,68,80,097
reserve 1,19,88,003
Equity participation Mehli flats
4,25,00,000 1,96,73,810
Sai Geeta saving scheme
Titang MHEP
1,76,070
4,35,23,347
Stya Sai saving scheme
21,756 Tool & part
Secured advance 2,94,53,897
4,00,000 85,
920
Current Assets
Profit & Loss A/c
Opening balance
34
 SWOT Analysis

Strengths: -

➢ Good financial position

➢ Good technological assistance

➢ Goodwill in the market

➢ Well experienced in the field of Hydro projects

➢ Diversify business

35
 Weakness: -

➢ Lack of skill employees

➢ Lack of communication

➢ Lack of responsibility

➢ Lack of co-operation between different project managers

36
 Opportunities: -

➢ Great potential for hydro project in Himachal Pradesh

➢ An attractive package of incentives and a strong commitment of the State

Government

➢ An attractive package of incentives and a strong commitment of the State

Government

➢ Ever increasing demand for power in North India.

➢ Well developed road network within the State ensuring easy accessibility of sites.

➢ Peaceful industrial climate.

➢ Extensive network of high/medium/low voltage lines in the State.

37
 Threats: -

➢ Increasing competition in the field of micro hydro projects

➢ Govt. regulation for selling electricity

➢ Low generation in the winter period due to snow fall

➢ Reduction in rainfall

➢ Problems with vendors

38
Methodology of Research
I had to collect the data from the different projects sites where the mini hydel projects were going
on by experimental method of data collection. For this purpose I chose the field experimental
method of data collection for gathering the information from different projects sites. I prepared I
schedule for getting the daily progress report from these sites.

Some basic questions of the schedule are as follows:-

(1) What is the progress on tunnel i.e. HRT- inlet face, Adits (down-stream, up-stream), HRT-
outlet face and how much worker are working there?
(2) What is the progress on surge shaft, desilting tank and penstock?
(3) What is the progress on power house and wier site and how much employees are appointed
there?
(4) What are the urgent requirements and problems?

On the basis of the information I got from these schedules I had to make the daily progress report.
After making the daily progress report I had to analysis that the progresses on the project sites are
sufficient or not. If the progress does not match with the targets I had to analysis the reasons
behind the slow progress and also gave suggestions to solve those problems.

Company had assigned me the following mini hydel projects for monitoring:-

➢ Manglad Mini hydel power project in Distt. Kinnour

Manlad is situated near Rampur in distt. Shimla. It is also an ongoing project. On this project
construction work is going on with a great pace. There work was going on different sites like
tunnel inlet, tunnel outlet, adit 1, adit 2, power house, penstock etc. Work on some sites completed
during our summer training and we learnt how to work on these sites. On this site almost all the
monthly targets had achieved during our training program. Its capacity is to generate 5 MW. The
starting date of this project Feb. 2009 and last date of this project is June 2011.

➢ Therote micro hydel project

This project is situated in distt. Kinnour, H.P. This project is in its initiating stage but due to lack
of machinery and human resources the progress on this project was very low. Gathering the
information from this site was most difficult because of the signal problem of cell phone there.
The capacity of this project is to generate 5 MW.

39
➢ Beas kund

This project is situated in distt. Kullu. The generation capacity of the project is 5 MW. Here Work
is going on different sites like HRT-inlet, outlet, Penstock, powerhouse etc. Work is going on with
good speed there and almost all the targets of the month are achieved during our training program.
The starting date of this project is 1 Jan. 2009 and date of completion is 30 th June 2010. . Monthly
progress report is given ahead:-

On the basic of the daily progress report which I used to make with the help of schedules, I had to
make the monthly progress report for each project.

The sample of monthly report is as under.

Monthly progress report of Therote

HRT- Adit -1 Adit-2 Adit-3 Adit-4 HRT Outlet Total

Inlet

Responsible Anil Sanjay Pradeep Sunil Elec. Rajesh

Person Kumar

Phone Number 9418242649 9418550963

Date

6/1/2009 2 4 4 4 2 16

6/2/2009 1 2 5 3 1 12

6/3/2009 2 4 4 4 1 15

6/4/2009 2 4 5 4 2 17

6/5/2009 1 3 4 4 2 14

6/6/2009 2 4 6 4 2 18

6/7/2009 2 4 4 4 2 16

6/8/2009 2 4 4 4 2 16

6/9/2009 2 3 5 4 2 16

6/10/2009 2 5 4 4 3 18

6/11/2009 2 4 4 4 3 17

40
 6/12/2009 1 4 5 4 3 17

6/13/2009 2 3 5 4 3 17

6/14/2009 2 2.5 4 4 2 14.5

6/15/2009 2 3.5 4 4 2 15.5

6/16/2009 Nill 2 4 nill nill 6

6/17/2009 2 1 Nill nill nill 3

6/18/2009 2 2 Nill nill nill 4

6/19/2009 1 2 4 2 0 9

6/20/2009 2 3 4 4 2 15

6/21/2009 2 3 4 4 1 14

6/22/2009 1 4 5 4 1 15

6/23/2009 2 4 4 4 1 15

6/24/2009 2 4 3 4 2 15

6/25/2009 2 3 4 4 2 15

6/26/2009 2 4 5 4 2 17

6/27/2009 2 4 4 2 2 14

6/28/2009 2 3 5 4 1 15

6/29/2009 1 3 5 3 2 14

6/30/2009 2 4 6 5 4 21

Target Achieved 52 100 124 103 52 431

Target for this 420

month

After comparing the targets achieved by different project sites, with the targets provided for the
related sites for that month I conclude that wither the progress is sufficient or not. Following are
the results for the research that I had done:-

Manglad Hydro Power Project: - In Manglad hydro power project all most all the monthly
targets were achieved. The progress can be measured from the following questions.

41
✔ Was the progress on HRT- inlet face satisfactory?

Answer:- target for inlet face of tunnel was 40 meter and they achieved 46.3 meter so the
performance over there was excellent.

✔ Were the progress on Adits satisfactory?

Answer: - The target for Adit 1 was 80 meter and they achieved 82.5 meter and the target for Adit
2 was also 80 meter but they achieved 78.7 meter over there. So over all the progress was good on
Adits.

✔ Was the progress on HRT- outlet satisfactory?

Answer: - The target was 40 meter and they achieved 36.4 meter on the outlet face of tunnel so
the performance was satisfactory.

✔ Were the performance on Penstock and Power House was satisfactory?

Answer: - Most of the targets were achieved on these sites so performance was good.

Beas kund Power Project: - the overall performance of Beas-Kund Project was good but as
some of the targets were not achieved here so the performance was not as good as in case of Manglad
power project. In this site there were no Adits. Progress is clear by the following answers.

✔ Was the progress on HRT- inlet face satisfactory?

Answer:- target for inlet face of tunnel was 30 meter and they achieved only 29 meter so the
performance over there was good.

✔ Was the progress on HRT- outlet satisfactory?

Answer: - The target was 30 meter and they achieved 25 meter on the outlet face of tunnel so the
performance was not satisfactory over there.

✔ Were the performance on Penstock and Power House was satisfactory?

Answer: - Some of the targets were not achieved on these sites but most of the targets were achieved
so the overall performance was satisfactory.

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 Therote Power project: - The performance of therote Power project was not satisfactory
because due to some reasons they did not match with the targets given by the company. On this site
labour was also less as compared to the other sites. The performance is shown below.

✔ Was the progress on HRT- inlet face satisfactory?

Answer:- target for inlet face of tunnel was 20 meter and they achieved only 12 meter so the
performance was poor but there were several reasons behind this poor performance. Due to the death
of a laborer in an accident at that site work was stopped for few days.

✔ Was the progress on HRT- outlet satisfactory?

Answer: - The target was 20 meter and they achieved 15 meter on the outlet face of tunnel so the
performance was not satisfactory over there.

✔ Were the performance on Penstock and Power House was satisfactory?

Answer: - Some of the targets were not achieved on these sites so the performance was not
satisfactory at all.

Observation and learning

I had learnt a lot in organization during internship. Here I got the chance to interact with people of
various projects and various departments. I had learnt a lot from their experiences. Here I saw the
culture of the organization and also saw what exactly happening in the organization. My
observation and learning from here are as below:

➢ I learned what exactly happens in the organization?

➢ What is the culture of the organization?
➢ How the organization works?
➢ What are the Hydro power project and how they generate electricity?
➢ How a Hydro power company works and how they manage recourses to produce electricity?
➢ How to interact with the people in the organization?
➢ How to work in an organization?

43
Recommendation

After working in the organization for approximately 45 days in spite of organization’s good
performance on many projects I also found some limitations in the organization. I had also given
some recommendations to the organization for improving the performance which are as follows:-

Recommendations for Manglad Project:-

➢ Adit 1:- Tractor 6 was break down for approximately 15 days last month.

➢ Adit 2:- Tractor 2 is continuously consuming more diesel than the other Tractors and the working
hours are least.

June (08-25)

Tractor working hours per day Diesel consumption per hour

44
Tractor 1 5.5 hours 0.6 litre

Tractor 2 2.9 hours 1.4 litre

Tractor 3 5.6 hours 1.2 litre

Tractor 4 5.5 hours 1 litre

Tractor 5 3.7 hours 0.5 litre

Tractor 6 2.5 hours 0.5 litre

Tractor 7 4.8 hours 0.8 litre

July (01-09)

Tractor working hours per day Diesel consumption per hour

Tractor 1 6.3 hours 0.5 litre

Tractor 2 2 hours 2.5 litre

Tractor 3 3.9 hours 1.3 litre

Tractor 4 6.2 hours 0.8 litre

Tractor 5 3.4 hours 0.6 litre

Tractor 6 4.6 hours 0.1 litre

Tractor 7 4.7 hours 0.8 litre

➢ Hydra is not utilizing properly {In the month June in 18 days it works only for 15.5 hours i.e.
just 51 minute per day & in July from 1st to 9th July it is used only for 1 day (So if there is no

45
 need for this machinery there than we should shift this machinery to another site where its
need is more.)

➢ Tata Hitachi works only 4.2 hours per day in the month June (08-25) and in the month July (01-
09) it is used less than 2 hours per day.

➢ Service kit of Atlus Casco was due from a long time (approximately from 45 days).

➢ Requirements of Power air oil, m-oil etc. are not fulfilled timely which is dangerous for
machineries.

Comments on Beas- Kund

(1) Progress on Sarbari is good and in June 2009 all the targets have achieved.

(2) Power House :-

1. D.G. is break down from many months.
2. D.G. 125 kva :- Servicing required. (service is needed form the last 15 days )

(1) Adit 1:- There is an electrical compressor and now we are using it so we should shift the compressor
no. 1 which is a diesel compressor to another site.

(2) Adit 3:-

1. Problem in Compressor no. 9 (Break down, starting problem) {this problem is from 1 month)
2. Problem in Tractors (Jack problem in both the tractors)

(1) Adit 4:-

1. Oil leakage in compressor { compressor operator told that if we will not repair it immediately
then it will full break down after sometime } [this problem is also from 1 month]
2. Tractor no. 7 is break down (approximately from 15 days)

Above recommendations were about the projects that were assigned to me but I had also given
some general recommendation related to organization as well which are as follows: -

(1) In the organization there was lack of distribution of responsibilities in different

departments. Some of the employees were over loaded with responsibilities while at the
same time some other was remaining idle. I recommended that every employee should have
the list of their responsibilities and work.

46
(2) In the organization there was lack of skilled employees. Some employees were dedicated
towards their work but they were not capable of doing some tasks. So they were under
burden of work. I recommended that organization should hire some skilled stuff to reduce
the pressure of stuff and to guide them.

(3) Some of the dedicated employees were not satisfied because they were treated in the same
manner as the others. I recommended that there should be some incentives for those
employees who are performing well in the organization

(4) There was no proper communication flow in the different departments as a result some
problems were not solved from many time. So I suggested to improve the communication
flow.

47
Bibliography
Books

✔ Research Methodology

✔ Environmental Management in Hydro Electric Projects - R. S. Goel.

Internet Sites

✔ www.saiengineeringfoundation.com
✔ www.ebsco.com
✔ www.wikipedia.com

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Appendices

49