ASSIGNMENT SHEET NO 2_2016

Some useful data for solving the numerical is given at the end of this sheert!
Problem 1

An evaporative cooling tower as shown in the sketch above is used to ccol water from
110o to 80o F. Water enters the tower at a rate of 250,000 lbm/hr. Dry air (no water
vapor) flows into the tower at the rate of 151,000 lbm/hr. If the rate of wet air flow out
of the tower is 156,000 lbm/hr., determine the rate of water evaporation in lbm/hr and
the rate of cooled water flow in lbm/hr.
Problem 2
Fresh water flows steadily into an open 250 liters drum initially filled by sea water. The
density of sea water is 1040 Kg/m3. The fresh water mixes thoroughly with the sea
water and the mixture overflows out of the drum. If the fresh water flow rate is 60
liters/min, estimate the time required to decrease the density of mixture to 1020 Kg/m3.
Problem 3

As shown in the diagram above, at the entrance to a 3-ft-wide channel the velocity
distribution is uniform with a velocity V. Further downstream the velocity profile is
given by u = 4y 2y2, where u is in ft/sec and y is in ft. Determine the value of V.

Problem 4

Air flows steadily between two cross sections in a a long, straight section of 12-in-inside
diameter pipe. The static temperature and pressure at each section are indicated in the
diagram above. If the average air velocity at section (2) is 320 m/sec, determine the
average air velocity at section (1). Determine the frictional force exerted by the pipe wall
on the air between sections (1) and (2). Assume average velocity distribution at each
section,
Problem 5

Determine the magnitude and direction of the anchoring force needed to hold the
horizontal elbow and nozzle combination shown in the diagram above in place. The
atmospheric pressure is 100 kPa(abs). The gauge pressure at section (1) is 100 kPa. At
section (2), the water exits to atmosphere.

Problem 6

The hydraulic dredge shown in the diagram above is used to dredge sand from a river
bottom. Estimate the thrust needed from the propeller of the dredge to hold the boat
stationary. Assume the sand/water mixture has SG = 1.2.
Problem 7

A simplified sketch of a hydraulic turbine runner is shown in the sketch above. Relative
to the rotating runner, water enters at section (1) [cylindrical cross section area A1 at r1 =
1.5 m] at an angle of 1000 from the tangential direction and leaves at section (2)
[cylindrical cross section area A2 at r2 = 0.85 m] at an angle of 500 from the tangential
direction. The blade height at sections (1) and (2) is 0.45 m and the volume flow rate
through the turbine is 30 m3/sec. The runner speed is 130 RPM in the direction shown.
Determine the shaft power developed.

Problem 8

The front and side views of a centrifugal pump rotor or impeller are shown in the figure
above. If the pump delivers 200 liters/sec of water and the blade exit angle is 350 from
the tangential direction, determine the power requirement associated with the flow
leaving at the blade angle. The floe entering the rotor blade row is essentially radial as
viewed from a stationary frame.
Problem 9

Water flows in a 100-ft-wide river with a flow rate of 2400 ft3/sec, over a rock pile, as
shown in the diagram above. Determine the direction of flow and the head loss
associated with the flow across the rock pile.

Problem 10

An incompressible liquid flows steadily along the inclined pipe, as shown in the
diagram above. Determine the direction of flow and the head loss over the 6-m length
of pipe.
Problem 11

Water flows through a valve, as shown above, at the rate of 1000 lbm/sec. The pressure
just upstream of the valve is 90 psi and the pressure drop across the valve is 50 psi. The
inside diameters of the valve inlet and exit pipes are 12 and 24 in. If the flow through
the valve occurs in a horizontal plane determine the loss in available energy across the
valve.
Problem 12
An automobile engine will work best when the back pressure at the interface of the
exhaust manifold and the engine block is minimized. Show how reduction of losses in
the exhaust manifold, piping and muffler will also reduce the back pressure. How could
losses in the exhaust system be reduced? What primarily limits the minimization of
exhaust system losses?

Problem 13

The hydroelectric turbine, shown in the figure above, passes 8 million gal/min across a
head of 600 ft. What is the maximum amount of power output possible? Why the actual
amount be less?
Problem 14

A pump is to move 1000 gallons of water within 10 minutes from a lake into a large,
pressurized tank as shown above in the diagram. Will a pump that adds 3 hp to the
water work for the purpose? Support your answer with appropriate calculations.
Repeat the calculations if the tank was pressurized to 3, rather than 2, atmospheres.

CONVERSION FACTORS
1 m = 3.28 ft

1 ft = 0.3048 m

1 KM = 0.6215 Mile

1 Mile = 1.609 KM

1 Kg mass = 2.2 lbm

1 lbm = 0.455 Kg mass

1 m3 = 35.32 ft3

1 ft3 = 2.83110-2 m3

UK Gallon = 4.546 Liters

US Gallons = 3.785 Liters

1 N = 0.2248 Lbf

1 Lbf = 4.448 N

Universal Gas Constant = Ru = 8.314103 J/(oK.KgMole) - SI Units

Universal Gas Constant = Ru = 1545.38

ft. Lbf /( 0R.lbmMole) - FPS Units

Universal Gas Constant = Ru = 49.761103 ft. Lbf /( 0R.slugMole) - FPS Units

Specific Gas Constant = Rg = Ru/MWg

MWg = Molecular weight of the gas

AIR Properties
MWair = 28.97 Kg/KgMole

Rair = 287 J/(oK.Kg)

air = 1.225 Kg/m3 at 150 C, 101.32 KPa

air = 0.0023769 slugs/ft3 at 590 F, 14.696 lbf / ft2

CONVERSION FACTORS
1 m = 3.28 ft

1 ft = 0.3048 m

1 KM = 0.6215 Mile

1 Mile = 1.609 KM

1 Kg mass = 2.2 lbm

1 lbm = 0.455 Kg mass

1 m3 = 35.32 ft3

1 ft3 = 2.83110-2 m3

UK Gallon = 4.546 Liters

US Gallons = 3.785 Liters

Rair = 1715 ft.lbf /(0R.slug)

1 N = 0.2248 Lbf

1 Lbf = 4.448 N

Universal Gas Constant = Ru = 8.314103 J/(oK.KgMole) - SI Units

Universal Gas Constant = Ru = 1545.38

ft. Lbf /( 0R.lbmMole) - FPS Units

Universal Gas Constant = Ru = 49.761103 ft. Lbf /( 0R.slugMole) - FPS Units

Specific Gas Constant = Rg = Ru/MWg

MWg = Molecular weight of the gas

AIR Properties
MWair = 28.97 Kg/KgMole

Rair = 287 J/(oK.Kg)

air = 1.225 Kg/m3 at 150 C, 101.32 KPa

air = 0.0023769 slugs/ft3 at 590 F, 14.696 lbf / ft2

Rair = 1715 ft.lbf /(0R.slug)