Chapter 10 Measurement

Q.I) Multiple choice questions. Tick the correct answer from the options given below.
(0625_w09_qp_11)
1. Which property of a body can be measured in newtons? (4)
a. density
b. mass
c. volume
d. weight
2. A cup contains hot liquid. Some of the liquid evaporates as it cools. What
happens to the mass and to the weight of the liquid in the cup as it cools? (5)

3. The diagrams show a rectangular box with inside measurements of 5 cm 6 cm 4 cm.

(6)

What is the density of the liquid?

a.

220
5 6 4

b.

(22040)
5 6 4

3
g / cm

3
g / cm

c.

5 6 4
220

d.

5 6 4
(22040)

3
g / cm

g / cm

(0625_s09_qp_1)

4. Which statement about the masses and weights of objects on the Earth is correct? (4)
a. A balance can only be used to compare weights, not masses.
b. Heavy objects always have more mass than light ones.
c. Large objects always have more mass than small ones.
d. Mass is a force but weight is not.
5. The table shows the weight in newtons of a10 kg mass on each of four planets. (5)

The diagram shows a force meter (spring balance) being used.

On which planet is the force meter (spring balance) being used?

a. Earth
b. Jupiter
c. Mercury
d. Venus
6. Which items of apparatus are required to determine the density of a liquid? (6)

a.
b.
c.
d.

balance and measuring cylinder

balance and thermometer
metre rule and measuring cylinder
metre rule and thermometer

7. Which property of an object cannot be changed by a force? (7)

a. its mass
b. its motion
c. its shape
d. its size
(0625_s10_qp_11)
8. A scientist needs to determine the volume of a small, irregularly shaped rock sample.
Only a rule and a measuring cylinder, partially filled with water, are available. (1)

To determine the volume, which apparatus should the scientist use?

a. both the measuring cylinder and the rule
b. neither the measuring cylinder nor the rule
c. the measuring cylinder only
d. the rule only
9. A student uses a stopwatch to time a runner running around a circular track. The runner
runs two laps (twice around the track). The diagrams show the reading on the stopwatch
when the runner starts running, at the end of the first lap, and at the end of the second
lap. (2)

What is the time taken for the runner to run the second lap?

a. 0 min 50 s
b. 1 min 10 s
c. 1 min 13 s
d. 2 min 03 s
10. The graph shows how weight varies with mass on planet P and on planet Q. (6)

An object weighs 400 N on planet P. The object is taken to planet Q.

Which row is correct?

11. The diagram shows a rectangular block of density 2 g /

cm 3 (7)

What is the mass of the block?

a. 2 g
b. 6 g
c. 14 g
d. 24 g
12.Which statement about a moving object is correct? (8)
a. When an object is accelerating, the resultant force acting on it must equal
zero.

b. When an object is moving at a steady speed, the air resistance acting on it

must equal zero.
c. When an object is moving at a steady speed, the resultant force acting on
it must equal zero.
d. When an object is moving, there must be a resultant force acting on it.
13. An experiment is carried out to measure the extension of a rubber band for different
loads. The results are shown below. (9)

Which figure is missing from the table?

a. 17.2
b. 17.3
c. 17.4
d. 17.6
(0625_w10_qp_11)
14. Four athletes run twice around a track. The table shows their times at the end of each
lap. Which athlete runs the second lap the fastest? (2)

15. The reading on a spring balance with a holder and eight identical discs is 3.0 N.
Six discs are removed and the reading becomes 1.2 N. (6)

What is the weight of one disc?

a. 0.2 N
b. 0.3 N
c. 0.5 N
d. 0.6 N
16. A student is trying to find the density of water and of a large, regularly shaped concrete
block. (7)
Which apparatus is needed to find the density of both the water and the concrete block?
a. balance, clock, measuring cylinder
b. balance, clock, ruler
c. balance, measuring cylinder, ruler
d. clock, measuring cylinder, ruler
17. A force acts on a moving rubber ball.
Which of these changes could not happen to the ball because of the force? (8)
a. a change in direction
b. a change in mass
c. a change in shape
d. a change in speed
18. The extension / load graph for a spring is shown. The unloaded length of the spring is
15.0 cm. (9)

When an object of unknown weight is hung on the spring, the length of the spring is 16.4
cm. What is the weight of the object?
a. 0.55 N
b. 0.67 N
c. 3.5 N
d. 4.1 N

Q.II) Answer the following.

(0625_s10_qp_32) - 2
1.

Four students, A, B, C and D, each have a spring. They measure the lengths of their
springs when the springs are stretched by different loads.
Their results are shown in Fig. 2.1.

Fig. 2.1
(a) (i) State which student had loaded the spring beyond the limit of proportionality.
............................................................................................................................ [1]
(ii) Explain how you obtained your answer to (a)(i).
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................ [2]
(b) For the spring used by student A, calculate
(i) the extra extension caused by each additional 0.5 N,
extra extension = ................................................ [1]
(ii) the unloaded length of the spring.
unloaded length = ................................................ [1]
(c) Student A obtains a second spring that is identical to his first spring. He hangs the two
springs side by side, as shown in Fig. 2.2.

Fig. 2.2.
Use the table to calculate the length of each of the springs when a load of 2.5 N is hung as
shown in Fig. 2.2. Show your working.

length = ................................................. [2]

(0625_s11_qp_21) - 1
2. Fig. 1.1 shows a measuring cylinder containing water.

Fig. 1.2 shows the same measuring cylinder after stone A has been lowered into it on a
fine string.

Fig. 1.1

Fig. 1.2

(a) Calculate the volume of stone A.

volume = ..........................

cm3

(b) The mass of stone A is measured as 40.5 g.

Calculate the density of the rock from which stone A was formed.
density = ................................. [4]
(c) Stone B, from the same rock as stone A, has a larger volume.

Stone A is removed from the water and replaced by stone B. The measurements are then
repeated.
Which of the values in the experiment will be different when using stone B?
Tick boxes alongside any of the quantities that will have changed.
60.4

cm

40.5 g
Density
(0625_s11_qp_22) - 1
3. The volume of a stone is to be found using the equipment illustrated in Fig. 1.1.

The following five steps are intended to describe how the volume of the stone is found.
Complete the sentences by adding appropriate words.
(a) Pour some.........................................into the measuring cylinder. [1]
(b) Take the reading of the ....................................... from the scale on the measuring
cylinder.
(c) Carefully put .............................................. into the measuring cylinder.
(d) Take the new reading of the ....................................... from the scale on the
measuring cylinder.
(e) Calculate the volume of the stone by.......................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................
(0625_s11_qp_32)
4.

Complete the table below to identify the physical quantities as scalars or vectors.

(0625_s12_qp_21) - 2

5. A student carries out an experiment to find the density of water, using a method that is
slightly different from normal. In his method, he starts with a measuring cylinder
containing some water, and then adds more water to that already in the measuring
cylinder.
His experiment is illustrated in Fig. 2.1.

The readings he obtains are as follows:

3

reading 1

53

cm

reading 2

84

cm3

reading 3

205 g

reading 4

238 g

Calculate
(a) the volume of the added water,
volume = .........................................

cm

(b) the mass of the added water,

mass = ............................................. g

(c) the density of water, stating clearly the equation you are using.
density = .................................................
(0625_s12_qp_31) - 1
6. The period of the vertical oscillations of a mass hanging from a spring is known to be
constant.

(a) A student times single oscillations with a stopwatch. In 10 separate measurements,

the stopwatch readings were:
1.8 s, 1.9 s, 1.7 s, 1.9 s, 1.8 s, 1.8 s, 1.9 s, 1.7 s, 1.8 s, 1.8 s.
What is the best value obtainable from these readings for the time of one oscillation?
Explain how you arrive at your answer.
best value = .....................................................................................................................
explanation......................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(b) Describe how, using the same stopwatch, the student can find the period of
oscillation more accurately.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
(0625_s12_qp_31) - 3
7. The electrical output of a solar panel powers a pump. The pump operates a water
fountain. The output of the solar panel is 17 V and the current supplied to the pump is
0.27 A.
The pump propels 0.00014 m3 of water per second. This water rises vertically as a jet.
The density of water is 1000 kg /

m3 .

Calculate
1. the mass of water propelled by the pump in 1 second,
mass = .................................................
2. the maximum height of the jet of water. If the surface area of the base is 160

m2
maximum height = .................................................
(0625_s13_qp_22) 3a
8. A spring is hung from a support. A load, hung on the spring, makes it extend.
Describe how you would use a ruler to measure the extension.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................

(0625_s13_qp_22) 3b
Q.III) Alternative to practical
1.

A spring is hung from a support. A load, hung on the spring, makes it extend.
The lengths of the spring are found for loads of various weights. From these lengths, the
extensions are calculated. Most of the results are shown in the table below.

(i) Calculate the two missing values and insert them in the table.

(ii) On Fig. 3.1, plot the values of extension against load, but do not draw the line yet.

Fig. 3.1
(iii) A mistake was made with one of the length values.
State the value of the length that is incorrect. ..................................................
(iv) Ignoring the value in (iii), draw the best-fit straight line through your points and the
origin.
(v) Complete the following sentences.
Within the limits of the experiment, when the load doubles, the extension of the spring
............................................................. .
The straight-line graph through the origin shows that the extension and the load are
............................................................. .
(0625_s09_qp_6) - 1
2. An IGCSE student is making measurements as accurately as possible in order to
determine the density of glass.
Fig. 1.1 shows a glass test-tube drawn actual size.

Fig 1.1
(a) (i) Use your rule to measure, in cm, the external diameter d of the test-tube.
d = .......................................cm
(ii) Use your rule to measure, in cm, the length x of the test-tube.
x =............................................
(iii) Draw a labelled diagram to show how you would use two rectangular blocks of wood
and your rule to measure the length x of the test-tube as accurately as possible.

(b) The mass m of the test-tube is 31.2 g.

(i) Calculate the external volume Ve of the test-tube using the equation
2

Ve =

d x
4

Ve =............................................
(ii) The student then fills the test-tube with water and pours the water into a measuring
cylinder. Fig. 1.2 shows the measuring cylinder.

Fig 1.2
Record the volume reading Vi from the measuring cylinder. This is the internal volume of the
test-tube.
Vi =............................................

(iii) Calculate the density of the glass from which the test-tube is made using the equation

m
V eV i

= .......................................
(0625_s11_qp_61) - 5
3. Table 5.1 shows some measurements taken by three IGCSE students. The second
column shows the values recorded by the three students. For each quantity, underline
the value most likely to be correct.
The first one is done for you.

Table 5.1