DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

OBJECTIVES OF SUBJECT:
To provide students with:
1. Complete understanding of the nature of continuous and discrete signals and their applications in
engineering systems.
2. Knowledge of the terminology of and concepts of both analog and digital signals and systems.
3. Experience in the characterization of signals
4. Understanding of and experience in the use of transforms for signal classification and analysis.
5. Experience in signal processing and system analysis using Matlab.
COURSE OUTCOMES:
As an outcome of completing this course, students should be able to:
1. Understand the terminology of signals and basic engineering systems.
2. Understand the role of signals and systems in engineering design and society.
3. Understand the use of signals and basic system building blocks and their roles in large/complex
system design.
4. Understand signal representation techniques and signal characteristics.
5. Understand the difference and the applications of analog versus discrete signals and the
conversion between them.
6. Understand the process of sampling and the effects of under sampling.
7. Understand the Fourier, Laplace and z-transforms.
8. Understand the use of transforms in signal/system analysis, characterization, and manipulation.

EEC-302 SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

1

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
Unit-I
Signals: Definition, types of signals and their representations continuous-time/discrete-time,
periodic/non-periodic, even/odd, energy/power, deterministic/ random, one-dimensional/multidimensional; commonly used signals (in continuous-time as well as in discrete-time): unit impulse,
unit step, unit ramp (and their inter-relationships), exponential, rectangular pulse, sinusoidal;
operations on continuous-time and discrete-time signals (including transformations of independent
variables).
Unit-II
Laplace-Transform (LT): Laplace Transform, Region of convergence, inverse Laplace Transform,
Analysis and characterization of LTI System, System function of continuous time system, Block
diagram representation, Unilateral Laplace transform. Solutions of differential equation using
Laplace transform.
Unit-III
Z-Transform: Z-Transform, Region of convergence, Inverse Z-transform, analysis and
characterization of LTI system, System function of discrete time system Block diagram
representation, Unilateral Z transform. Solution of differential equation using Z transforms.
Unit-IV
Fourier Transforms (FT): (i) Definition, conditions of existence of FT, properties, magnitude and
phase spectra, Some important FT theorems, Parsevals theorem, Inverse FT, relation between LT
and FT (ii) Discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT), inverse DTFT, convergence, properties and
theorems, Comparison between continuous time FT and DTFT
Unit-V
Systems: Classification, linearity, time-invariance and causality, impulse response, characterization
of linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, unit sample response, convolution summation, step response
of discrete time systems, stability. convolution integral, co-relations, signal energy and energy
spectral density, signal power and power spectral density, properties of power spectral density.
Reference Books:
1. V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S. Hamid Nawab, signals & System,Pearson Education,
Second Edition, 2003.
2. Roberts, Signals and Systems Tata Mcgraw Hills.
3. P.Ramesh Babu,R.Ananda Natarajan, Signals and Systems,Scitech Publications.
4. Charles L.Phillips, John M.Parr and Evea.Riskin, Signals,Systems and Transforms,Pearson
Education, Third Edition.

LECTURE PLAN
BRANCH: ECE

SEMESTER: III
SESSION: 2015-2016
2

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
SUBJECT: EEC-302 SIGNALS & SYSTEMS
FACULTY: SOUGATA GHOSH
UNI Topic to be covered
T
No.
1

Definition, types of signals

Representation of continuous-time/discrete-time
signal
commonly used signals (in continuous-time as
well as in discrete-time): unit impulse, unit step,
unit ramp (and their inter-relationships),
exponential, rectangular pulse, sinusoidal
Definitions & Problems based on Energy & power
signal in continuous-time as well as in discretetime
Definitions & Problems based on Periodic & nonperiodic signal in continuous-time as well as in
discrete-time
Definitions & Problems based on Even & odd
signal in continuous-time as well as in discretetime
Definitions & Problems based on causal, anticausal &non-causal signal in continuous-time as
well as in discrete-time
Operations on both continuous & discrete time
signal(addition, multiplication, time shifting, time
scaling & folding)
Problems based on shifting, folding, time scaling,
Assignment 1:
Question/ Answer:
Question/ Answer (For Interview purpose):
Total lectures on unit 1
Definitions of Laplace Transform & inverse
Laplace transform
Definition of Region of convergence & ROC of
causal, anti-causal and non-causal signal.
Laplace transform of different standard signals
Properties of Laplace transform with proof
Problem based on properties of Laplace
transform
Inverse Laplace transform based on partial
fraction Expansion method
Impulse response & System function of
continuous time system

Zero-input or natural response of system using Laplace

transform.
Zero-state or forced response of system using Laplace
transform.
Total response of system using Laplace
transform.

No. of
Lectu
res

Date
on
which
covere
d

Signature
of faculty

Signature
of HOD

1
1
2

1
1
1
1
2
1

11
1
1
2
3
2
2
1
1
1
1
3

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

Convolution using laplace transform

Assignment 2:
Question/ Answer:
Question/ Answer (Based on Laboratoriesif any):
Question/ Answer (For Interview purpose):
References:
Total lectures on unit 2
Definitions of Z-Transform & properties of ROC
ROC of different signals
Properties of Z-transform
Analysis and characterization of LTI system
Solution of differential equation using Z
transforms
Inverse z- transform based on partial fraction
Expansion method
Relationship with Laplace transform & Numerical
problems
Assignment 3:
Question/ Answer (Based on Laboratoriesif any):
Question/ Answer (For Interview purpose):
References:
Total lectures on unit 3

Definition, conditions of existence of FT, magnitude and

phase spectra.

16
1
1
2
1
1
2
1

09
1

Properties of Fourier transform,

Relation between LT and FT
Discrete time Fourier transform (DTFT), inverse
DTFT, properties and theorems

2
1

Comparison between continuous time FT and DTFT

Assignment 4:
Question/ Answer:
Question/ Answer (Based on Laboratoriesif any):
Question/ Answer (For Interview purpose):
References:
Total lectures on unit 4
5

Definition, classifications of system

Convolution summation
Checking for linearity, time-invariance and
causality, impulse response, stability.
step response of discrete time systems

co-relations, signal energy and energy spectral density,

signal power and power spectral density, properties of
power spectral density.
Characterization of linear time-invariant (LTI)
systems
Assignment 5:
Question/ Answer:
Question/ Answer (Based on Laboratories-

07
1
1
2
1
2

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
if any):
Question/ Answer (For Interview purpose):
References:
Total lectures on unit 5
Grand Total

08
40

STUDENT LIST
S.N
o.

ROLL No.

NAME OF
STUDENTS

1
2
3
4
5
6
7

14071001
14071002
14071004
14071005
14071006
14071007
14071008

8
9
10
11
12
13
14

14071009
14071010
14071011
14071012
14071013
14071014
14071015

15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39

14071016
14071017
14071018
14071019
14071020
14071021
14071022
14071023
14071024
14071025
14071026
14071027
14071028
14071029
14071030
14071031
14071032
14071033
14071034
14071035
14071036
14071040
13071012
14071042
14071043

AADESH KUMAR
AKSHAY SINGH
AMIT KUMAR
ANKUSH SINGH
ARJUN KUMAR
ARVIND KUMAR
DEVENDRA SINGH
GURUBACHAN
SINGH
GYANU RAWAT
KAPIL BABU
KM. DEEPIKA
KM. SHIVANI
KULDEEP SINGH
KUWAR PAL
MAGAN SINGH
DIVAKAR
MANJEET SINGH
NAND KISHORE
PINKU MAURYA
PREETAM SINGH
RAHUL KUMAR
RINKU KUMAR
ROHIT
SHIV KUMAR
SHIVAM KUMAR
SHOBHA DIWAKAR
TINKU SAGAR
VIJAY KUMAR
VINAY BABU
VISHAL GAUTAM
MOHIT KUMAR
SACHIN KUMAR
HARIDWARI LAL
SUDHEER KUMAR
AMIT RAGHAV
TITU SAGAR
YASIR MUSTUFA
LATA SHARMA
MANOJ
SUMIT KUMAR

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
40
41
42

Perio
d

14071044
14071045
14071046

II

VAISHALI SAGAR
HANNAN KHAN
KULDEEP KUMAR

III

IV
1:0
02:0
0

Day
Time

10:00 11:00
10:00 10:50

MON
TUE

11:00 12:00
10:50
-11:40

12:00 1:00
11:40 12:30

EC Gate
Duty

EEC501

EEC-151 CS Batch-1

EEC-302

EEC501
EEC-751

EC
Gate
Duty

LUNCH

THU

SAT

2:00 3:00
2:10 3:00

3:00 4:00
3:00 3:50

VII

4:00
5:0
3:50
4:4

EEC501

EEC-551

MEC 103

VI

EEC302

EEC-302

WED

FRI

12:30 01:20

EEC302
MEC
103

EEC501

MEC
103

EEC-151 CS
Batch-2

ME
103

TIME TABLE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATION PATTERN

INTERNAL MARKS:30[20+5+5]
Three class tests of each 10 mark are conducted. Best of two added for 20 marks and five marks
individual is assigned for attendance & assignments.
EXTERNAL MARK:70
Descriptive/Analytical/Problem solving questions:
5 x 14 marks=70 marks
Candidates have to answer five questions out of ten. There should be at least two questions from
each unit.

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

ASSIGNMENT 01
1. a) Define an energy and power signal.
b) Determine whether the following signals are energy or power and calculate their energy and
power.
i) x(n)=(1/2)nu(n)
ii) x(t)=rect(t/To)
iii) x(t)=cos2(t)
2. a) Define unit step, ramp, pulse, impulse and exponential signals. Obtain the relationship
between the unit step and unit ramp function.
b) Find the fundamental period T of the signal
x(n)=cos(n/2)-sin(n/8)+3cos(n/4+/3)
3. a) write about the elementary continuous time signal in detail.
b) Determine the power and RMS value of the following signals.
i) x1(t)=5cos(50t+/3)
ii) x2(t)= 20cos50tcos15t
4. a)Determine whether the following systems are linear or non-linear
i)

+3ty(t) = t2x(t)

ii) y(n)=2x(n)+
b) Determine whether the following systems are time variant 0r time -invariant.
i) y(t)=tx(t)
ii)y(n)=x(2n)
5. Determine whether the systems described by the following input-output equations are linear,
dynamic, causal and time variant.
i) y(t)=x(t-3)+(3-t)
8

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
ii) y(t)=
iii) y(n)=nx(n)+bx2(n)
iv) Even{x(n-1)}

6. Determine the following signals are energy or power signals

i)x(n)=

)n u(n)

ii)x(n)=sin(n/3)
7. a) Determine whether the following signal is periodic. If periodic , determine the fundamental
period:
X(t)=3cost+4cos(t/2)
X(t)=cos60t+sin50t
b) Give the equation and draw the waveform of discrete time real and complex exponential
signals.
8.

(i) Find whether the signal x(t) = 2cos(10t+1)-sin(4t-1) is Periodic or not.

(ii) Find

(n-2)

(iii) List the Properties of unit impulse function.

(iv) Check whether the following signal is energy or power signal.
x(n)= u(n)
9. i) Determine whether the following system is linear, time invariant, causal, stable and static
1. y(n) = x2(n)
2. y(n) = x(-n)
ii) Define LTI system. List the properties of LTI system and explain
10. A discrete time signal is given by x(n)={1,1,1,1,2}
Sketch the following signals
a)x(n-2) b)x(n+1) c)x(3-n) d)x(n)u(n-1) e)x(n-1)(n-1) f)Even samples of x(n)
g)odd samples of x(n)
9

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

ASSIGNMENT 02
1. (i) Find the trigonometric fourier series for the periodic signal x(t) shown in fig.,

2. (i) Find the fourier transform of x(t)= e-ltl for -1

, 0 otherwise.
(ii) Find the Laplace transform for (i) x(t) = u(t-2) (ii) x(t) = t 2e-2t u(t)
3. Explain and prove the properties of Laplace transform
4. a) Compute the Laplace transform of x(t)=e -b|t| of the cases of b<0 and b>0.
b) State and prove Parsevals theorem of Fourier transform.
5.a) Determine the fourier series representation of the half wave rectifier output.

b) Write the properties of ROC of Laplace transform.

6.a) prove the scaling and time shifting properties of Laplace transform.
b) Determine the Laplace transform of x(t)= e-atcost u(t).
7. a) Find the Fourier transform of rectangular pulse. Sketch the signal and its Fourier
transform
b) Find the Fourier transform of a triangular pulse.
8. i) State Dirichlets conditions. Also explain its importance.
ii) Obtain the exponential fourier series of the waveform.

10

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
9. a) Find the Laplace transform of the signal x(t)= e-at sint.
b) Find the inverse Fourier transform of the rectangular spectrum give by

X (j) =
10. a)Find the inverse Laplace transform of the following

i) X(s) =

ii) X(s) =

11

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

ASSIGNMENT 03
1. What are the Dirichlets conditions of Fourier series?
2. State convolution property of Fourier transforms.
3. Find the Laplace transform of x(t)=e-at u(t).
4. Give two properties of Continuous Time Fourier Transform.
5. Give the synthesis and analysis equation of continuous time Fourier transform.
6. Define the region of convergence of the Laplace transform?
7. State the frequency shift property of Fourier transforms.
8. States the time scaling property of Laplace transform.
9. What is the Fourier transform of a DC signal of amplitude 1?
10. State Parsevals power theorem.
11. What is Region of convergence (ROC)?
12. What is the relationship between Fourier and Laplace transform?
13. Define transform function.
14. State initial value theorem.
15. Find the fourier transform of x(t)=(t).
16. Obtain the Laplace transform of ramp function.
17. Find the Fourier transform of signum function.
18. What is the Laplace transform of the function x(t)=u(t)-u(t-2)?
19. What is the Laplace transform of x(t)=
sintu(t).
20. State the time shifting property of Laplace transforms.
21. For the signal shown in Fig. 1, find x (2t + 3).

22. Sketch the following signals

i)x(t)=(t+3)
ii)x(t)=-2r(t)
23. When the system said to be memoryless? Give example.
24. Define continuous time complex exponential signal.
25. Define unit impulse and unit step signal.
26. State the relationship between step, ramp and delta function (CT).
27. Define even and odd signal?
28. Determine whether the following signal is energy or power? x(t) = e-2t u(t)
29. Check whether the following system is static/dynamic and also causal/non causal.
y(n)=x(2n)
30. What are the classification signals and systems?
31. What are the representations of signal?
12

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
32. Verify whether the system described by the equation is linear and time invariant
y(t)=x(t2)?
33. Find the fundamental period of the given signal x(n)=sin((6n/7)+1).
34. Check whether the discrete time signal sin3n is periodic.
35. Define a random signal.
36. Determine the power and RMS value of the following signals x(t)=10cos5tcos10t.
37. Determine whether the following signal is energy or power? x(n) = u(n)
38. Check whether the following system is linear or not y(n)=Ax(n)+B.
39. State the BIBO criterion for stability.
40. Check for the stability of the system impulse function h(n)=2nu(n).
41.Find the z-transform of each of the following sequences:
x(n) = 2nu(n) + 3()nu(n)
x(n) = cos(n 0)u(n).
42 Suppose that a sequence x(n) has a z-transform. Find x(n).

.
43. Find the inverse of each of the following z-transforms:

44. Find the inverse z-transform of X(z) = sin z.

13

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

SEMESTER PAPER-1

IFTM University, Moradabad

(Following Subject Code and Roll No. to be filled in your Answer Booklet)

Subject Code: EEC-404

Roll No.

B. Tech. (EC) Semester- IV

EVEN SEMESTER THEORY EXAMINATION 2014-15
Signals and Systems
Time: 03 Hours

Total Marks: 70

Note: 1. Attempt any five questions from all.

2. Figures given at the right margin indicate marks.
(5x14=70)
Q1. Distinguish between the following:
(i) Continuous Time Signal and Discrete Time Signal.
(ii) Unit step and Unit Ramp functions.
(iii) Periodic and Aperiodic signals.
(iv) Deterministic and Random signals.
Q2. (i) Find whether the signal x( t ) 2 cos( 10t 1 ) sin( 4t 1 ) is periodic
or not.
2n
(ii) Find the summation e ( n 2)
8
(iii) Find the fundamental period T of continuous time signal x( t ) 20cos(10t+

)
6

Q3. (i) Explain the steps to compute the convolution integral.

(ii) Find the convolution of the following signals:

x( t ) e 2t u(t) & h(t)=u(t+2)

Q4. (i) Prove the scaling and time shifting properties of Laplace transform.
-at

(ii) Determine Laplace transform of x(t)=e cos(t)u(t)

1

Q5. Find the inverse Laplace transform of X ( S ) ( S 5 )( S 3 )

(i) -5 < Re{s} < 3.
(ii) Re{s} > 3.
Q6. (i) Using convolution property of DTFT, find the inverse DTFT of
14

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

X(ej)=

where

(ii) Find the inverse Z-transform of X(Z)=

Q7. Determine the Z-transform and ROC of the following signals
(i) x(n)=
(ii) x(n)=(

u(n)
u(n-1)

Q8. A casual LTI system is described by y(n) -

y(n-1) +

y(n-2) =x(n) where x(n) is the

input to the system h(n) is the impulse response of the system. Find
(i) System function H(Z)
(ii) Impulse response h(n)
Q9.(i) State and prove the final value theorem for Z transform.
(ii) Find the time domain initial value

and final value

following Z-domain functions (a)

of the

(b)

Q10. Find the inverse Fourier transform of following signals

i)

ii)

15

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

SEMESTER PAPER-2

IFTM University, Moradabad

(Following Subject Code and Roll No. to be filled in your Answer Booklet)

Subject Code: EEC-404

Roll No.

B. Tech. (EC) Semester- IV

EVEN SEMESTER THEORY EXAMINATION 2014-15
Signals and Systems
Time: 03 Hours

Total Marks: 70

Note: 1. Attempt any five questions from all.

2. Figures given at the right margin indicate marks.
(5x14=70)
Q1.
(i) Find the power of

(ii) If the signal is transmitted over a telephone system which blocks DC & frequency above
12000Hz. Then find the ratio of received power & transmitted power.
Q2. (i) Represent the sequence as a sum of shifted & scaled impulses
(ii) Given the impulse response of an LTI system

what is the input signal that will

generate the output

16

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
Q3. (i) Check if the signal is energy signal and power signal
(ii) Find the response of the system with impulse response

to an input

Q4. (i) Compare between Fourier series & Fourier transform.

(ii) State & prove Parsevals theorem for Fourier transform
Q5. (i) Find

using Fourier transform

(ii) A linear system has following relationship

. Determine

and

when (a)

(b)

Q6. Check if the following systems are

(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)

Linear / Non linear

Time variant / Time invariant
Causal / Non Causal
Stable / Unstable

(i)

(ii)

Q7. Find the Fourier transform of following signals

a)
c)

b)
= cos(0t)u(t)

Q8. Determine the response of the relaxed system characterized by the impulse response h(n)=

to the input signal (i) x(n)=2n u(n)

(ii) x(n)=

Q9. Find the step response for LTI system characterized by

(a)y(n)-y(n-1)=x(n)+x(n-1) (b) h(n)=
17

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD
Q10. Consider the R-L circuit shown in Fig. below. Find the differential equation relating the output
voltage y(t) across R and the input voltage x(t).
i) Find the impulse response h(t) of the circuit.
ii) Find the step response s(t) of the circuit.

CLASSTEST-1 PAPER
Answer any two questions.

F.M-10

Q1. Distinguish between the following:

(i) Continuous Time Signal and Discrete Time Signal.
(ii) Unit step and Unit Ramp functions.
(iii) Periodic and Aperiodic signals.
(iv) Deterministic and Random signals.
Q2. (i) Find whether the signal x( t ) 2 cos( 10t 1 ) sin( 4t 1 ) is periodic
or not.
2n
(ii) Find the summation e ( n 2)
8
(iii) Find the fundamental period T of continuous time signal x( t ) 20cos(10t+

)
6

Q3. (i) Explain the steps to compute the convolution integral.

(ii) Find the convolution of the following signals:

x( t ) e 2t u(t) & h(t)=u(t+2)

18

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

SET, IFTM UNIVERSITY, MORADABAD

19