Professional Documents
Culture Documents
of
Santo
Tomas
College
of
Science
DEPARTMENT OF BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES, COLLEGE OF SCIENCE, UNIVERSITY OF SANTO TOMAS ESPAA, MANILA 1508
Abstract
Pangasinan has been exposed to many natural hazards such as earthquakes, floods, and storm surges due to
its geographical location, topography and the presence of vast rivers that greatly affect those living in the low lying
areas. In order to conserve biodiversity, estimations was done to evaluate Pangasinans biodiversity. The aim this
study is to determine level of biodiversity of invertebrates and seagrasses in the coastal region of Silaqui islands,
Bolinao, Pangasinan using statistical methods. In addition, this study also aims to identify species of invertebrates
and seagrasses in the mentioned location. Random sampling was done on 3 sites in the coasts of Salaqui island,
Pangasinan . The sites to be sampled are three 5 to 10-1x1 meter quadrats from the shore, as the starting point,
moving towards the sea, as the end point. Species richness was calculated using the the Shannon-Weiner diversity
index and the species evenness was investigated through the Simpsons index. Upon deliberation of results, the data
was treated using Kruskal-Wallis test. From the results of the Shannon-Weiner index can be deduced that the
individuals in the population is distributed evenly. With an H value lesser than the critical value, it is then proved
that at least for the sites studied the diversity is the same throughout.
Silaqui island, Pangasinan, Thallasia hemprichii, Shannon-Weiner, Simpsons Index, Kruskal-Wallis test
Introduction
estimations
loss
Pangasinans
of
marine
biological
diversity
and
must
be
done
biodiversity.
to
evaluate
Therefore,
the
location.
seafloors.
biodiversity,
Despite
its
vast
Figure 1: (A) Philippine map, marked with a red star symbolizing Silaqui island, (B) Silaqui
island with a red line marking site A, blue line marking site B and green line marking site C,
(C) Quadrat used in the field.
taking.
were studied.
49%
49%
28%
Littorina
littorea
48%
Ulva lactuca
2%
Littorina
littorea
Ulva
lactuca
Thalassia
hemprichii
Thalassia
hemprichii
24%
Site B
coral substrate.
41%
32%
Littorina
littorea
67%
Littorina
littorea
52%
Ulva lactuca
Ulva
lactuca
1%
Thalassia
hemprichii
7%
Thalassia
hemprichii
Ulva lactuca and 194 Thalassia hemprichii
Site C
coral substrate.
4% 7%
89%
Ulva
lactuca
Thalassia
hemprichii
Species Evenness
Species evenness refers to how close
Ulva
lactuca
84%
Thalassia
hemprichii
Pi (n/N)
ln(pi)
(pi)*(ln(pi))
10
0.2222
-1.5042
-0.3342
0.1111
-2.1973
-0.2441
30
0.6667
-0.4054
-0.2703
H = 0.8486
Sum=
45
Species Identification
The variable pi (abundance) denotes the
portion
also
is
known
as
common
periwinkle
of
individuals
counted
from
the
diversity.
Species Richness
kruskal-wallis
test
is
non-
Species
(n)
n(n-1)
L. littorea
10
90
U. lactuca
20
T. hemprichii
30
870
Total (N)
45
980
Site A
17
14
24
53
Tc
15 Tc
16
Tc
14
P value = 5.99
H = 0.088
df = 2
= 0.05
Site B
Site C
Conclusion
comparisons
Using
The
of
calculated
its
value
characteristics.
for
Shannon-Weiner
throughout.
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10
APPENDIX I - Organisms found in 5 random quadrats within the first five (1-5) meters from shore
at site A
Quadrat
Littorina littorea
Ulva lactuca
Thalassia hemprichii
1. 2
2. 24
25
3. 13
4. 19
5. 10
53
12
TOTAL
APPENDIX II: Organisms found in 5 random quadrats within five to ten (5-10) meters from shore
at site A
Quadrat
Littorina littorea
Ulva lactuca
Thalassia hemprichii
1. 7
14
2. 9
3. 12
4. 19
5. 23
13
41
TOTAL
APPENDIX III: Organisms found within the 10 meter transect line from the shore of site A
Organisms
Count
1. Littorina littorea
2. Ulva lactuca
3. Thalassia hemprichii
14
11
APPENDIX IV: Organisms found in 5 random quadrats within the first five (5) meters from the
shore at site B.
Quadrat
Littorina littorea
Ulva lactuca
Thalassia hemprichii
1. 3
21
2. 7
12
3. 11
4. 5
50
5. 19
84
TOTAL
APPENDIX V: Organisms found in 5 random quadrats within five to ten (5-10) meters from shore
at site B.
Quadrat
Littorina littorea
Ulva lactuca
Thalassia hemprichii
1. 3
2. 7
3. 11
10
4. 5
11
5. 19
14
41
TOTAL
APPENDIX VI: Organisms found within the 10 meter transect line from the shore of site B
Organisms
Count
1. Littorina littorea
17
2. Ulva lactuca
3. Thalassia hemprichii
24
12
APPENDIX VII: Organisms found in 5 random quadrats within the first five (5) meters from the
shore at site C.
Quadrat
Thalassia
Littorina littorea
Ulva lactuca
1. 1
10
23
2. 5
12
3. 13
30
4. 22
25
5. 25
35
13
14
125
TOTAL
hemprichii
APPENDIX VIII: Organisms found in 5 random quadrats within five to ten (5-10) meters from
shore at site C.
Quadrat
Littorina littorea
Ulva lactuca
Thalassia hemprichii
1. 3
29
2. 14
45
3. 16
30
4. 20
41
5. 21
49
12
194
TOTAL
APPENDIX IX: Organisms found within the 10 meter transect line from the shore of site C
Organisms
Count
1. Littorina littorea
2. Ulva lactuca
3. Thalassia hemprichii
53
13
( )
( )
()
! () = .
!
14
= .
( + )
=
( + )
+ +
( + )
( + )
= .
Ho: All three sites are similar in terms of dominant species and general biodiversity.
Ha: One or two of the three sites are dissimilar in terms of dominant species and general biodiversity.
Crit value = 5.99
= 0.05
df = 3-1 = 2
H< Crit value
Since H < Crit value, ACCEPT HO
15