ASME 831.

32014
Service (see para. 300.2 and Appendix M), Code requirements
are found in Chapters I through VI (the base
Code) and fluid service requirements are found in
(-a) Chapter III for materials
(-b) Chapter II, Part 3, for components
(-c) Chapter II, Part 4, for joints
(3) For nonmetallic piping and piping lined with
nonmetals, all requirements are found in Chapter VII.
Paragraph designations begin with "A."
(4) For piping in a fluid service designated as
Category M, all requirements are found in Chapter VIII.
Paragraph designations begin with "M."
(5) For piping in a fluid service designated as
Category D, piping elements restricted to Category D
Fluid Service in Chapters I through VII , as well as elements
suitable for other fluid services, may be used.
(6) For piping designated as High Pressure Fluid
Service, all requirements are found in Chapter IX. These
rules apply only when specified by the owner. Paragraph
designations begin with "K."
(7) For piping designated as High Purity Fluid
Service, all requirements are found in Chapter X.
Paragraph designations begin with "U."
(8) Requirements for Normal Fluid Service in
Chapters I through VI are applicable under severe cyclic
conditions unless alternative requirements for severe
cyclic conditions are stated.
(9) Requirements for Normal Fluid Service in
Chapters I through VI are applicable for Elevated
Temperature Fluid Service unless alternative requirements
for Elevated Temperature Fluid Service are
invoked.
(e) Appendices. Appendices of this Code contain Code
requirements, supplementary guidance, or other information.
See para. 300.4 for a description of the status
of each Appendix.
(f) Code Cases. ASME issues Code Cases that are
applicable to this Code. The Code Cases
(1) modify the requirements of this Code
(2) are applicable from the issue date until the Cases
are annulled
(3) may be used only when approved by the owner.
When so approved, the Code Cases shall be specified
in the engineering design and become requirements of
this Code.
300.1 Scope
Rules for the Process Piping Code Section B31.31 have
been developed considering piping typically found in
petroleum refineries; chemical, pharmaceutical, textile,
paper, semiconductor, and cryogenic plants; and related
processing plants and terminals.
1 B31 references here and elsewhere in this Code are to the
ASME B31 Code for Pressure Piping and its various Sections, which
are identified and briefly described in the Introduction.
2
300.1.1 Content and Coverage
(a) This Code prescribes requirements for materials
and components, design. fabrication, assembly, erection,
examination, inspection, and testing of piping.

(b) This Code applies to piping for all fluids, including

(1) raw, intermediate, and finished chemicals
(2) petroleum products
(3) gas, steam, air, and water
( 4) fluidized solids
(5) refrigerants
(6) cryogenic fluids
(c) See Fig. 300.1.1 for a diagram illustrating the application
of B31.3 piping at equipment. The joint connecting
piping to equipment is within the scope of B31.3.
300.1.2 Packapd Equipment Piping. Also included
within the scope of this Code is piping that interconnects
pieces or stages within a packaged equipment assembly.
300.1.3 Exc lusions. This Code excludes the
following:
(a) piping systems designed for internal gage pressures
at or above zero but less than 105 kPa (15 psi),
provided the fluid handled is nonflammable, nontoxic,
and not damaging to human tissues as defined in 300.2,
and its design temperature is from -29C (-20F)
through 186C (366F)
(b) power boilers in accordance with BPV Code2
Section I and boiler external piping that is required to
conform to B31.1
(c) tubes, tube headers, crossovers, and manifolds of
fired heaters that are internal to the heater enclosure
(d) pressure vessels, heat exchangers, pumps, compressors,
and other fluid handling or processing equipment,
including internal piping and connections for
external piping
300.2 Definitions
Some of the terms relating to piping are defined below.
For welding, brazing, and soldering terms not shown
here, definitions in accordance with AWS Standard A3.cf
apply.
air-hardened steel: a steel that hardens during cooling in air from a temperatur
e above its transformation range.
anneal heat treatment: see heat treatment.
2 BPV Code references here and elsewhere in this Code are to
the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code and its various Sections
as follows:
Section I, Power Boilers
Section II, Materials, Part D
Section V, Nondestructive Examination
Section VIII, Pressure Vessels, Divisions 1 and 2
Section IX, Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications
3 AWS A3.0, Standard Welding Tenns and Definitions, Including
Terms for Adhesive Bonding, Brazing, Soldering, Thermal
Coupling and Thermal Spraying
Copyright @ 2015 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ??f: ?? No rep
roduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME.
(14)ASM E 831 .3-20 1 4
Fig. 300. 1 . 1 Diagram I llustrating Application o f 8 3 1 . 3 Piping a t Eq ui
pment
11---------HIJ Power boilers in accordance
with BPV Code Section I
T u bes, t u be headers,
crossovers and m a n ifo l d s
of f i r e d h e aters, internal
to t h e h eate r e n c l o s u re

Legend
)1-' --+- -f1; Boiler external piping which
is req u ired to confo r m to 83 1 .1
J1---+1J-c Packa ged e q u ipm ent p i p i n g
I
\
f
Pressu re vessels, h e at
exc h a n gers, p u m ps, c o m pressors
a n d other fl u id
h a n d l i n g or p roces s i n g
eq u ip m en t, i n c l u d i n g i n ter
n a l p i p i n g a n d co n n
ecti o n s fo r extern al
p i p i n g
\
J
---Pi pin g wit h i n the sco pe of 83 1 .3
---Pi pin g outside t h e scope
G E N ERAL N OTE: Th e means by which p i p i n g is attached to e q u i p m ent
is with i n the scope of the a p p l i cable p i p i n g code.
arc cutting: a group of cutting processes wherein the
severing or removing of metals is effected by melting
with the heat of an arc between an electrode and the
base metal. (Includes carbon-arc cutting, metal-arc cutting,
gas metal-arc cutting, gas tungsten-arc cutting,
plasma-arc cutting, and air carbon-arc cutting.) See also
oxygen-arc cutting.
arc welding (AW): a group of welding processes that produces
coalescence of metals by heating them with an
arc or arcs, with or without the application of pressure
and with or without the use of filler metal.
assembly: the joining together of two or more piping
components by bolting, welding, bonding, screwing,
brazing, soldering, cementing, or use of packing devices
as specified by the engineering design.
autogenous weld: a weld made by fusion of the base metal
without the addition of filler metal [see also gas tungstenarc
welding (GTAW)] .
automatic welding: welding with equipment that performs
the welding operation without adjustment of the
controls by an operator. The equipment may or may not
perform the loading and unloading of the work.
backing filler metal: see consumable insert.
3
backing ring: material in the form of a ring used to support
molten weld metal.
balanced piping system: see para. 319.2.2(a) .
base material: the material to be brazed, soldered, welded,
or otherwise fused.
basic allowable stress: see stress terms frequently used.
bolt design stress: see stress terms frequently used.
bonded joint: a permanent joint in nonmetallic piping
made by one of the following methods:
(a) adhesive joint: a joint made by applying an adhesive
to the surfaces to be j oined and pressing them
together
(b) butt-and-wrapped joint: a joint made by butting
together the joining surfaces and wrapping the joint with
plies of reinforcing fabric saturated with resin

(c) heat fusion joint: a joint made by heating the surfaces

to be joined and pressing them together to achieve
fusion
(d) hot gas welded joint: a joint made by simultaneously
heating the surfaces to be joined and a filler material
with a stream of hot air or hot inert gas, then pressing
the surfaces together and applying the filler material to
achieve fusion
Copyright 20 1 5 by the American Society of Mechanical Engineers. ??
No reproduction may be made of this material without written consent of ASME. ??
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