Professional Documents
Culture Documents
dy
y.
dx
dy
ex
dx
dy
y therefore: y e x is a solution.
dx
Since:
A standard form of a DE
an ( x )
dny
d n 1y
dy
a
(
x
)
... a1 ( x )
a 0 ( x )y g ( x )
n
1
n
n 1
dx
dx
dx
The dependent variable y and all its derivatives are of the first degree i.e.: the
power of each item involved is 1
1 - Classification DE
( y x)dx 4 xdy 0
linear
y 2 y y 0
linear
d y
dy
x
5y ex
3
dx
dx
(1 x) 2
dy
1 y2
dx
linear
non-linear
dx (t )
cos( x (t ))
dt
d 2y
dy
y
2
dx
dx
Examples:
i)
dy
5y ex
dx
ii)
d 2 y dy
6y 0
dx 2 dx
iii)
dx dy
2x y
dt dt
dx (t , u ) d 2 x (t , u )
dt
du 2
d 2u
dx 2
d 2u
dy 2
u2
Examples:
1 - Classification DE
i)
2u 2u
0
x 2 y 2
ii)
2u 2u
u
2 2
2
t
x
t
iii)
u
v
y
x
In general, a DE will have many solutions (due to calculus that integration introduces
arbitrary constants)
The order of a DE is the order of the highest derivative that appears in the equation.
1 - Classification DE
y p( x )y q( x )y r ( x )
d2y
dy
5
4y ex
2
dx
dx
Examples:
a) xdy ydx 0
b) y '' 2 y y 0
1 - Classification DE
c) x 3
2
d3y
2 d y
x
dx 3
dx 2
d) yy '' 2y ' x
e)
d 3y
y2 0
dx 3
1 - Classification DE