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Introduction - Definitions
Retaining walls are used for the
construction of basement walls
as well as earth and water retaining
structures.
Depending on their use, the geology
and the excavation depth/retention
height a variety of different wall
types can be utilised.
These walls can be designed as
cantilevered or braced/anchored
structures.
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- Continuous Flight Auger (CFA) piles for primary and secondary piles
- CFA piles for primary piles and rotary bored piles with thick walled
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- Excavations close to the wall toe (e.g. for footings) should be avoided
- The passive resistance of the wall will be removed by the excavation
and the wall deflection might increase significantly up to a potential wall
collapse.
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Elevation
Material
Description
RL +150 m to
RL +147 m
Fill/Recent Sediments
RL +147 m to
RL +137 m
Extremely weathered to
highly weathered rock
RL +137 m to
RL +131 m
Highly to moderately
weathered rock
Below RL +131 m
Slightly weathered to
fresh rock
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Area to be dewatered
Proposed cofferdam
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The piles would also have to deal with the large forces which could be
exerted by the southern embankment. Tolerances on pile verticality
were extremely stringent (1:200 equating to 80 mm over a 16 m pile)
to ensure that the design was satisfied.
The wall was to be constructed in a repeated u-shape so that 5 cells
would be created for the buttress foundations to be built from.
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Conclusions
- Each retaining wall technique from a soft wall to a stiff wall has its
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