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CE121-C1
Engr. G. Alviento
Route surveying
A route survey is a data collection operation to gather information about the
proposed route of a roadway, utility pipe, or railway.
Types of Curves
Simple Curve
A simple arc provided in the road to impose a curve between the two straight
lines.
Equation to use:
T = R tan 0.5I
E = R sec 0.5I R
m = R R cos 0.5I
L = 2R sin 0.5I
LC = RI / 180o
LC = 20I / D
LC = Sta PT Sta PC
20 / D = 2R / 360o
sin 0.5D = 10 / R
Compound Curve
PC = point of curvature
PT = point of tangency
PI = point of intersection
PCC = point of compound curve
T1 = length of tangent of the first curve
T2 = length of tangent of the second curve
V1 = vertex of the first curve
V2 = vertex of the second curve
I1 = central angle of the first curve
I2 = central angle of the second curve
I = angle of intersection = I1 + I2
Lc1 = length of first curve
Lc2 = length of second curve
L1 = length of first chord
L2 = length of second chord
L = length of long chord from PC to PT
T1 + T2 = length of common tangent measured from V1 to V2
= 180 - I
Subic-Clark-Tarlac Expressway
Reverse Curve
Combination of two simple curves combined together to curve in the same
direction.
PC = point of curvature
PT = point of tangency
PRC = point of reversed curvature
T1 = length of tangent of the first curve
T2 = length of tangent of the second curve
V1 = vertex of the first curve
TS = Tangent to spiral
SC = Spiral to curve
CS = Curve to spiral
ST = Spiral to tangent
LT = Long tangent
ST = Short tangent
R = Radius of simple curve
Ts = Spiral tangent distance
Tc = Circular curve tangent
L = Length of spiral from TS to
any point along the spiral
Ls = Length of spiral
PI = Point of intersection
I = Angle of intersection
Ic = Angle of intersection of the
simple curve
p = Length of throw or the distance from tangent that the circular curve has
been offset
X = Offset distance (right angle distance) from tangent to any point on the
spiral
Xc = Offset distance (right angle distance) from tangent to SC
Y = Distance along tangent to any point on the spiral
Yc = Distance along tangent from TS to point at right angle to SC
Equation to use:
Y = L L5 / 40R2LS2
X = L3 / 6RLS
p = 0.25XC = LS2 / 24R
= L2 / 2RLS
S = LS / 2R
i = / 3 = LS / 6R
iLS2 = isL2
TS = 0.5LS + (R + P)tan 0.5I
IC = I 2S
ES = (R + P) / cos 0.5I R
DLS = DCL
Equations to use:
A = g2 g 1
K=L/A
r = A / 100L
e = AL / 800
y = 4ex2 / L2 = rx2 / 2 = Ax2 / 200L
Ex = EVPC + g1x + rx2 / 2
x1 = - g1 / r
Et = EVPC - g12 / 2r
Equations to use:
A = g2 g 1
K=L/A
r = A / 100L
r1 = Al2 / 100Ll1
r2 = Al1 / 100Ll2
e = Al1l2 / 200L = r1l12 / 2 = r2l22 / 2
Ex1 = EVPC + g2x + r1x2 / 2
Ex2 = EVPC - g2x + r2x2 / 2
xt1 = - g1 / r1
xt1 = - g2 / r2
Et1 = EVPC - g12 / 2r1
Et2 = EVPC g22 / 2r2