WATER SUPPLY INSPECTION REPORT

I.
II.

V.
VI.
VII.
VIII.
IX.

INTRODUCTION TO WATER SUPPLY

AREA INSPECTED
i. Location
ii. History
SOURCE
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
i. Sizing and Material
ii. Distribution Area
TREATMENT
MODE OF PAYMENT
PROBLEMS AND OBSERVATIONS
RECOMMENDATION
DOCUMENTARY PHOTOS

I.

INTRODUCTION TO WATER SUPPLY

III.
IV.

Water supply system, infrastructure for the collection, transmission, treatment,

storage, and distribution of water for homes, commercial establishments, industry,
and irrigation, as well as for such public needs as firefighting and street flushing of
all municipal services, provision of potable wateris perhaps the most vital. People
depend on water for drinking, cooking, washing, carrying away wastes, and other
domestic needs. Water supply systems must also meet requirements for public,
commercial, and industrial activities. In all cases, the water must fulfill both quality
and quantity requirements. Water was an important factor in the location of the
earliest settled communities, and the evolution of public water supply systems is tied
directly to the growth of cities. In the development of water resources beyond their
natural condition in rivers, lakes, and springs, the digging of shallow wells was
probably the earliest innovation. As the need for water increased and tools were
developed, wells were made deeper.
In addition to quantity of supply, water quality is also of concern. Water treatment
is the alteration of a water source in order to achieve a quality that meets specified
goals. Treatment methods included sand filtration as well as the use of chlorine for
disinfection. The virtual elimination of diseases such as cholera and typhoid in

developed countries proved the success of this water-treatment technology. In

developing countries, waterborne disease is still the principal water quality concern.
II.

AREA INSPECTED
Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association was the area

selected by the inspectors. The area was referred by the Batangas City Water
District (BCWD) Production Department Manager, Engr. Bernardo C. Hornilla for this
area is the nearest area not supplied by the BCWD. Engr. Jose Roberto M.
Maranan, the Engineering Department Manager also contributed information about
BCWD where the inspectors find it helpful to compare and make inqueries with the
findings at the selected area, Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation
Associations distribution system.
i.

Location
Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association is around

Pallocan West, Batangas City, just a few steps away from Calumpang Bridge.
There were four (4) pumping stations handled by the Waterworks. The first
pumping station is behind the office of Waterworks, and the other stations are
at Santolan, Sitio Ilaya and Sitio Silangan.
ii.

History
Distribution system at Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation

Association was operating since 1999. Other history information were

unknown since the first batch of waterworks has been placed.

III.

SOURCE
Water resources are sources of water that are useful or potentially useful. Uses

of

water

include agricultural, industrial,

household,

recreational and

environmentalactivities. The majority of human uses require fresh water. The

sources of water is either be from surface of water, rainwater or groundwater
The source used by the Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation
Association is groundwater well. As previously said, there were four (4) stations
distributing around Pallocan West, all of these were groundwater well- source.
The station was protected by screen wires and the water storage tank was
elevated. The waterwell in the station was 5 meter deep connected to 2 inches main
pipe.
IV.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association distributes water to

two hundred fifty (250) households through four (4) pumping stations: two elevated
tanks and two pressurized tanks.
The pump gives 5 horsepower to supply every household.
i.

Sizing and Material

The pipe from source to water tank is 2 inches diameter made of
galvanized iron, while main pipe line to branches is 3 inches made of
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe and the branches are 2 inches made of
Polyethylene (PE) pipe and branches to households are made of PE pipe and
varies on their sizes.
The sizing of main line to households depends on the building structure to
be supplied. For a single family house, the pipe size used is inches
diameter, for a small residential or commercial building, inches diameter of
pipe is used and for a large residential or commercial building they require 1
inch pipe diameter.
ii.

Distribution Area

V.

TREATMENT
The water being supplied passed through microbiological test (Total Coliform,

Fecal Coliform and Heterotrophic Plate Count) which refers to Philippine National

Standards for Drinking Water 2007, Department of Health, American Public Health
Association 2005, Standard Methods for the Examination of Drinking Water and
Wastewater, 21st Edition, APHA, Washington, DC. (See laboratory result,
documentary photos below)
Apparently, the water distributor doesnt have any treatment used in water
because the people in the area do not want any disinfectant like chlorine to be
injected in their water. The reasons why they do not want any disinfectant were
unknown, but there were hearsay prevailing that chlorination causes illness or worst,
cancer. They also think of why all the fish die when chlorine is added in aquarium, so
then why are they drinking and showering in this chemical that kills another
organism in a matter of hours?
Besides, the waterworks are flushing water mains every 3 months to ensure that
there were no sediments built up inside the pipes. The main source of water is being
tested every 6 months to guarantee its safety.
VI.

MODE OF PAYMENT
The cost of water for every first 10 cubic meters in BCWD is Php 205.00, while in

Pallocan West Waterworks gives it only Php 100.00, which is a very big difference
thats why they do not tend to assign BCWD handle their water.
Every household has water meter but the station doesnt have, unlike at BCWD.
The advantage of having a water meter at the station is that the water being supplied
is always monitored, of how much water has been supplied or also if there were
leaks.

VII.

PROBLEMS AND OBSERVATIONS

In this area, there are several problems encountered and some solutions made.

Here are some:

PROBLEM

SOLUTION

contaminated water

flushing

leaks

repairs

dripping water

Though the water quality from source has passed, the quality coming out of the
households faucets were unsure. The water from the households is being
contaminated due to pipes damage where some constituent comes in. Dripping of
water is also a huge problem but they do not have a solution for this. Leaks and
flushing can cause dripping of water.
Other stuff has been observed like the leak from the main pipe and the grubby
spot of the pumping station. As far as concerned, there was no number of people
become ill due to the water quality. The water quality is safe for drinking as seen in
the result of laboratory tests but some of the residents still buy drinking water for
safer use.
VIII.

RECOMMENDATION

In the cases above (see table) as well as the observations, here are some
recommendations:

For having a contaminated water, (since the contamination comes from

the pipes damge) a better way to make sure that the water is safe is to
install a water purification system in every house, such as a distilled water
through water distiller or a reverse osmosis system, which both systems
use multistage purification. Other can just boil water for relative purposes,
and some may install a filter in every faucet or hose in their house.

Protection of the pumping station must be closed- room and not screen
wires for it can still be easy to access for deep well injection and to some

IX.

animals. In addition, the pumping station must always be clean.

The pump requires higher than 5 horsepower to supply a greater pressure

and give a streaming of water.

Pipe size may vary after changing the power of pump.
Regular monitoring of pipes is necessary to avoid leaks and other

damages.
Dig well deeper than 40 ft to acquire safer water. Less than 40 ft well is

prone to contamination.
Regular test of water to authorized laboratory is required to ensure that

the water being supplied is still safe.

Opening a feedback from consumers is suggested to secure their needs.

DOCUMENTARY PHOTOS

Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation AssociationLocation

Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association Front View

Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association Laboratory test result

Main pipe leak

Pallocan West Water Pumping Station

Pump with 5 horsepower

Elevated water tank

Interview with members of Pallocan West Rural Waterworks and Sanitation Association

Interview with Engr.

Jose Roberto M.

Maranan, the

Engineering

Department Manager

INSPECTION REPORT

Batangas State University

Alangilan Campus

BS Sanitary Engineering
Geron, Glecy G.

Palas, Alyanna Kate M.

ESE- 5301

Submitted to
Engr. Danica Marie B. Mercado
Instructor
Design of Sanitary Engineering Structures

April 28, 2016