Bluetooth Controlled Pick and Place Robot

ISSN 2319-8885
Vol.05,Issue.07,
March-2016,
Pages:1433-1441
www.ijsetr.com
Bluetooth Controlled Pick and Place Robot

M. A. H. SOWMYA1, K. HARI CHAITANYA2, P. MANIKANTA SWAMY3, B. HARISHITHA4, K. VINOD KUMAR5
1
Avanthi's Scientific Technological and Research Academy, India, E-mail: sowmya.mah@gmail.com.

Avanthi's Scientific Technological and Research Academy, India, E-mail: chaitanyakodapaka@gmail.com.
3
Avanthi's Scientific Technological and Research Academy, India, E-mail: moneykantaswamy@gmail.com.
4
Avanthi's Scientific Technological and Research Academy, India, E-mail: bellamharishitha@gmail.com.
5
Avanthi's Scientific Technological and Research Academy, India, E-mail: vinodkarnati1@gmail.com.
2
Abstract: The project aims in designing a Robot arm which is operated using Bluetooth and also which is capable of Picking and
Placing of many objects. The advent of new high-speed technology and the growing Bluetooth Capacity provided realistic
opportunity for new robot controls and realization of new methods of control theory. This technical improvement together with
the need for high performance robots created faster, more accurate and more intelligent robots using new robots control devices,
new drivers and advanced control algorithms. This project describes a new economical solution of robot control systems. The
presented robot arm control system can be used for different sophisticated robotic applications. The modules in the project are:
Bluetooth interfaced to Microcontroller, Robot arm which is capable of Picking and placing objects, DC motors is attached to the
robot arm for the movement of the robot and Microcontroller which performs the controlling operations of Robot arm in Picking
and Placing of objects. The controlling device of the whole system is a Microcontroller to which Bluetooth; DC motors of robot
arm are interfaced through a motor driver. Whenever the appropriate keys are pressed in the android mobile app, the data is fed as
input to the controller. The Microcontroller checks the data with the program embedded in it and performs appropriate actions on
the robot arm. The Microcontroller is programmed using Embedded C language.
Keywords: Bluetooth Capacity, DC Motors, Microcontroller, Robot ARM.
I. INTRODUCTION
The project aims in designing a Robot arm which is
operated using bluetooth and also which is capable of Picking
and Placing of many objects. The advent of new high-speed
technology and the growing bluetooth Capacity provided
realistic opportunity for new robot controls and realization of
new methods of control theory. This technical improvement
together with the need for high performance robots created
faster, more accurate and more intelligent robots using new
robots control devices, new drivers and advanced control
algorithms. This project describes a new economical solution
of robot control systems. The presented robot arm control
system can be used for different sophisticated robotic
applications. The modules in the project are: bluetooth
interfaced to Microcontroller, Robot arm which is capable of
Picking and placing objects, DC motors is attached to the
robot arm for the movement of the robot and Microcontroller
which performs the controlling operations of Robot arm in
Picking and Placing of objects. The controlling device of the
whole system is a Microcontroller to which bluetooth; DC
motors of robot arm are interfaced through a motor driver.
Whenever the appropriate keys on mobile application then the
data will be transmitted through bluetooth to the
microcontroller. The Microcontroller checks the data with the
program embedded in it and performs appropriate actions on
the robot arm. The Microcontroller is programmed using
Embedded C language. An embedded system is a

combination of software and hardware to perform a dedicated
task. Some of the main devices used in embedded products
are Microprocessors and Microcontrollers. Microprocessors
are commonly referred to as general purpose processors as
they simply accept the inputs, process it and give the output.
In contrast, a microcontroller not only accepts the data as
inputs but also manipulates it, interfaces the data with various
devices, controls the data and thus finally gives the result. The
Bluetooth controlled pick and place robot using
PIC16F877A microcontroller is an exclusive project which is
used to control speed and direction of Stepper motor using
general purpose bluetooth.
II. EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
A. Embedded Systems
An embedded system is a computer system designed to
perform one or a few dedicated functions often with real-time
computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete
device often including hardware and mechanical parts. By
contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal
computer (PC), is designed to be flexible and to meet a wide
range of end-user needs. Embedded systems control many
devices in common use today. Embedded systems are
controlled by one or more main processing cores that are
typically either microcontrollers or digital signal processors
Copyright @ 2016 IJSETR. All rights reserved.
M. A. H. SOWMYA, K. HARI CHAITANYA, P. MANIKANTA SWAMY, B. HARISHITHA, K. VINOD KUMAR

(DSP). The key characteristic, however, is being dedicated to
to make things easier to program can cost millions. Hiring a
handle a particular task, which may require very powerful
programmer for an extra month is cheap in comparison. This
processors. For example, air traffic control systems may
means the programmer must make do with slow processors
usefully be viewed as embedded, even though they involve
and low memory, while at the same time battling a need for
mainframe computers and dedicated regional and national
efficiency not seen in most PC applications. Below is a list of
networks between airports and radar sites. Since the
issues specific to the embedded field.
embedded system is dedicated to specific tasks, design
A. Tools
engineers can optimize it to reduce the size and cost of the
Embedded development makes up a small fraction of
product and increase the reliability and performance. Some
total programming. There's also a large number of embedded
embedded systems are mass-produced, benefiting from
architectures, unlike the PC world where 1 instruction set
economies of scale. Physically embedded systems range from
rules, and the world where there's only 3 or 4 major ones.
portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to
This means that the tools are more expensive. It also means
large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory
that they're featured, and less developed. On a major
controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants.
embedded project, at some point you will almost always find
Complexity varies from low, with a single microcontroller
a compiler bug of some sort. Debugging tools are another
chip, to very high with multiple units, peripherals and
issue. Since you can't always run general programs on your
networks mounted inside a large chassis or enclosure.
embedded processor, you can't always run a debugger on it.
In general, "embedded system" is not a strictly definable
This makes fixing your program difficult. Special hardware
term, as most systems have some element of extensibility or
such as JTAG ports can overcome this issue in part. However,
programmability. For example, handheld computers share
if you stop on a breakpoint when your system is controlling
some elements with embedded systems such as the operating
real world hardware (such as a motor), permanent equipment
systems and microprocessors which power them, but they
damage can occur. As a result, people doing embedded
allow different applications to be loaded and peripherals to be
programming quickly become masters at using serial IO
connected. Moreover, even systems which don't expose
channels and error message style debugging.
programmability as a primary feature generally need to
support software updates. On a continuum from "general
purpose" to "embedded", large application systems will have
subcomponents at most points even if the system as a whole is
"designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions", and
is thus appropriate to call "embedded". A modern example of
embedded system is shown in fig.1.
Fig.2. Block diagram of Bluetooth operated pick and place

robot.
Fig.1. A modern example of embedded system.

Labeled parts include microprocessor (4), RAM (6), flash
memory (7).Embedded systems programming is not like
normal PC programming. In many ways, programming for an
embedded system is like programming PC 15 years ago. The
hardware for the system is usually chosen to make the device
as cheap as possible. Spending an extra dollar a unit in order
B. Resources
To save costs, embedded systems frequently have the
cheapest processors that can do the job. This means your
programs need to be written as efficiently as possible. When
dealing with large data sets, issues like memory cache misses
that never matter in PC programming can hurt you. Luckily,
this won't happen too often- use reasonably efficient
algorithms to start, and optimize only when necessary. Of
course, normal profilers won't work well, due to the same
reason debuggers don't work well. Memory is also an issue.
For the same cost savings reasons, embedded systems usually
International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Technology Research

Volume.05, IssueNo.07, March-2016, Pages: 1433-1441

have the least memory they can get away with. That means
power distribution system as well as primary or secondary
their algorithms must be memory. In this chapter the block
sources of energy such as
diagram of the project and design aspect of independent
Conversion of one form of electrical power to
modules are considered. Block diagram is shown in fig.2.
another desired form and voltage, typically
involving converting AC line voltage to a wellC. Micro Controller
regulated lower-voltage DC for electronic devices.
Circumstances that we find ourselves in today in the field
Low voltage, low power DC power supply units are
of microcontrollers had their beginnings in the development
commonly integrated with the devices they supply,
of technology of integrated circuits. This development has
such as computers and household electronics,
made it possible to store hundreds of thousands of transistors
Batteries, Solar power, Chemical fuel cells and other
into one chip. That was a prerequisite for production of
forms of energy storage systems, Generators
microprocessors, and the first bluetooths were made by
or alternators.
adding external peripherals such as memory, input-output
lines, timers and other. Further increasing of the volume of
the package resulted in creation of integrated circuits. These
integrated circuits contained both processor and peripherals.
That is how the first chip containing a micro, or what would
later be known as a microcontroller came about as shown in
Fig.4. Regulated Power Supply.
Fig.3.
The basic circuit diagram of a regulated power supply
(DC O/P) with led connected as load is shown in fig.5.
Fig.3. Microcontrollers.
Microprocessors and microcontrollers are widely used in
embedded systems products. Microcontroller is a
programmable device. A microcontroller has a CPU in
addition to a fixed amount of RAM, ROM, I/O ports and a
timer embedded all on a single chip. The fixed amount of onchip ROM, RAM and number of I/O ports in microcontrollers
makes them ideal for many applications in which cost and
space are critical. The microcontroller used in this project is
PIC16F877A. The PIC families of microcontrollers are
developed by Microchip Technology Inc. Currently they are
some of the most popular microcontrollers, selling over 120
million devices each year. There are basically four families of
PIC microcontrollers:
PIC12CXXX 12/14-bit program word
PIC 16C5X 12-bit program word
PIC16CXXX and PIC16FXXX 14-bit program word
PIC17CXXX and PIC18CXXX 16-bit program word
D. Regulated Power Supply
Power supply is a supply of electrical power. A device or
system that supplies electrical or other types of energy to an
output load or group of loads is called a power supply
unit or PSU. The term is most commonly applied to electrical
energy supplies, less often to mechanical ones, and rarely to
others as shown in Fig.4. A power supply may include a
Fig.5. Circuit diagram of Regulated Power Supply with

Led connection.
The components mainly used in above figure are
230V AC MAINS
TRANSFORMER
BRIDGE RECTIFIER(DIODES)
CAPACITOR
VOLTAGE REGULATOR(IC 7805)
RESISTOR
LED(LIGHT EMITTING DIODE)
The detailed explanation of each and every component
mentioned above is as follows:
Transformation: The process of transforming energy from
one device to another is called transformation. For
transforming energy we use transformers.


Transformers: A transformer is
a
device
that
signals. Rectifiers may be made of solid-state diodes, vacuum
transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another
tube diodes, mercury arc valves, and other components. A
through inductively coupled conductors without changing its
device that it can perform the opposite function (converting
frequency. A varying current in the first or primary winding
DC to AC) is known as an inverter. When only one diode is
creates a varying magnetic flux in the transformer's core, and
used to rectify AC (by blocking the negative or positive
thus a varying magnetic field through the secondary winding.
portion of the waveform), the difference between the term
This varying magnetic field induces a varying electromotive
diode and the term rectifier is merely one of usage, i.e., the
force (EMF) or "voltage" in the secondary winding. This
term rectifier describes a diode that is being used to convert
effect is called mutual induction. If another coil is placed
AC to DC. Almost all rectifiers comprise a number of diodes
adjacent to the first coil then, as the field moves out or in, the
in a specific arrangement for more efficiently converting AC
moving lines of force will "cut" the turns of the second coil.
to DC than is possible with only one diode. Before the
As it does this, a voltage is induced in the second coil. With
development of silicon semiconductor rectifiers, vacuum tube
the 50 Hz AC mains supply, this will happen 50 times a
diodes and copper (I) oxide or selenium rectifier stacks were
second. This is called MUTUAL INDUCTION and forms the
used.
basis of the transformer.
Bridge Full Wave Rectifier: The Bridge rectifier circuit is
The input coil is called the PRIMARY WINDING; the
shown in fig.7, which converts an ac voltage to dc voltage
output coil is the SECONDARY WINDING. Fig.6 shows
using both half cycles of the input ac voltage. The Bridge
step-down transformer.
rectifier circuit is shown in the figure. The circuit has four
diodes connected to form a bridge. The ac input voltage is
applied to the diagonally opposite ends of the bridge. The
load resistance is connected between the other two ends of the
bridge. For the positive half cycle of the input ac voltage,
diodes D1 and D3 conduct, whereas diodes D2 and D4 remain
in the OFF state. The conducting diodes will be in series with
the load resistance RL and hence the load current flows
through RL. For the negative half cycle of the input ac
voltage, diodes D2 and D4 conduct whereas, D1 and D3
remain OFF. The conducting diodes D2 and D4 will be in
series with the load resistance RL and hence the current flows
Fig.6. Step-Down Transformer.
through RL in the same direction as in the previous half cycle.
Thus a bi-directional wave is converted into a unidirectional
The voltage induced in the secondary is determined by the
wave.
TURNS RATIO.
(1)
For example, if the secondary has half the primary turns;
the secondary will have half the primary voltage.
Step Up Transformer: In case of step up transformer,
primary windings are every less compared to secondary
winding. Because of having more turns secondary winding
accepts more energy, and it releases more voltage at the
output side.
Step Down Transformer: In case of step down transformer,
Primary winding induces more flux than the secondary
winding, and secondary winding is having less number of
turns because of that it accepts less number of flux, and
releases less amount of voltage.
Rectifiers: A rectifier is an electrical device that converts
alternating current (AC) to direct current (DC), a process
known as rectification. Rectifiers have many uses including as
components of power supplies and as detectors of radio
Fig.7. Bridge rectifier: a full-wave rectifier using 4 diodes.

DB107: Now -a -days Bridge rectifier is available in IC with
a number of DB107. In our project we are using an IC in
place of bridge rectifier. The picture of DB 107 is shown in
fig.8.
Fig.8. DB107.


Filters: Electronic filters are electronic circuits, which
let's consider the case of a "coupling capacitor" where the
perform signal-processing functions, specifically to remove
capacitor is used to connect a signal from one part of a circuit
unwanted frequency components from the signal, to enhance
to another but without allowing any direct current to flow. If
wanted ones.
the current flow is alternating between zero and a maximum,
our "storage tank" capacitor will allow the current waves to
pass through. However, if there is a steady current, only the
Introduction to Capacitors: The Capacitor or sometimes
initial short burst will flow until the "floating ball valve"
referred to as a Condenser is a passive device, and one which
closes and stops further flow as shown in Fig.11.
stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field which
produces a potential (static voltage) across its plates as shown
in Fig.9. In its basic form a capacitor consists of two parallel
conductive plates that are not connected but are electrically
separated either by air or by an insulating material called
the Dielectric. When a voltage is applied to these plates, a
current flows charging up the plates with electrons giving one
plate a positive charge and the other plate an equal and
opposite negative charge this flow of electrons to the plates is
known as the Charging Current and continues to flow until
the voltage across the plates (and hence the capacitor) is equal
to the applied voltage Vcc.
Fig.11. Operation of Capacitor.
Fig.9. Construction of a Capacitor.
Fig.10.Electrolytic Capaticor.
Units of Capacitance:
Microfarad (F) 1F = 1/1,000,000 = 0.000001 = 10 -6 F
Nanofarad (nF) 1nF = 1/1,000,000,000 = 0.000000001 = 10 9
F
Pico
farad (pF) 1pF
=
1/1,000,000,000,000
=
0.000000000001 = 10-12 F
Operation of Capacitor: Think of water flowing through a
pipe. If we imagine a capacitor as being a storage tank with an
inlet and an outlet pipe, it is possible to show approximately
how an electronic capacitor works as shown in Fig.10. First,
Voltage Regulator: A voltage regulator (also called a

regulator) with only three terminals appears to be a simple
device, but it is in fact a very complex integrated circuit. It
converts a varying input voltage into a constant regulated
output voltage. Voltage Regulators are available in a variety
of outputs like 5V, 6V, 9V, 12V and 15V. The LM78XX
series of voltage regulators are designed for positive input.
For applications requiring negative input, the LM79XX series
is used. Using a pair of voltage-divider resistors can
increase the output voltage of a regulator circuit. It is not
possible to obtain a voltage lower than the stated rating. You
cannot use a 12V regulator to make a 5V power supply.
Voltage regulators are very robust. These can withstand overcurrent draw due to short circuits and also over-heating. In
both cases, the regulator will cut off before any damage
occurs. The only way to destroy a regulator is to apply reverse
voltage to its input. Reverse polarity destroys the regulator
almost instantly.
LED: A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light
source. LEDs are used as indicator lamps in many devices,
and are increasingly used for lighting. Introduced as a
practical electronic component in 1962, early LEDs emitted
low-intensity red light, but modern versions are available
across the visible, ultraviolet and infrared wavelengths, with
very high brightness. LED lights have a variety of advantages
over other light sources:
High-levels of brightness and intensity
High-efficiency
Low-voltage and current requirements


B. Headsets
High reliability (resistant to shock and vibration)
Current State: Motorola is currently working on applications
Visual signal application where the light goes more
that would allow a Bluetooth enabled cellular phone to
or less directly from the LED to the human eye, to
connect with a wireless headset.
convey a message or meaning.
Relevance to Motorolas Current Business Model/
Complementary Assets: This product is a critical product
IV. BLUE TOOTH MODULE
offering to stay competitive in the cellular phone sector. The
Bluetooth, the short-range radio link technology designed
headset, for all intents and purposes, is a radio, and Motorola
to "connect" an array of devices including mobile phones,
has a strong development and distribution foundation for
PCs, and PDAs, and the strategic decisions that Motorola
these types of products.
should make in incorporating this nascent technology into its
Competitive Environment: Motorola will face competition
product portfolio. The purpose of this paper will be to provide
from the traditional cellular phone manufacturers, such as
a high-level overview of the technology to the head of
Ericsson and Nokia, because all manufacturers will need to
Motorola's Communications Enterprise, and prepare this
offer a wireless headset to complement their phones.
corporate officer to be strategically and functionally
Strategic Recommendation: Motorola should invest the
conversant in the technology with subordinates that have
necessary resources to get to market quickly with a highdirect responsibility for integrating Bluetooth into Motorola's
quality wireless headset. This application will also allow
product lines. The first sections of the paper detail the
cellular phone customers to experience the benefits of
background of the Bluetooth technology and its associated
Bluetooth in a familiar, easy-to-use product with obvious
Special-Interest Group, or SIG, (a conglomeration of firms
benefits.
that has sought to reduce market uncertainty, thereby
expediting the diffusion of Bluetooth devices). Bluetooths

perceived strengths over other wireless connectivity
technologies are also discussed and some macro-level threats
that may impede Bluetooth diffusion are outlined. The
remainder of the paper details potential Bluetooth markets (in
terms of consumer and corporate applications) and examines
Motorola's current Bluetooth product offerings (a cell phone
battery and computer PCMCIA card each enabled with a
Bluetooth chip). Finally, the paper provides guidance for
Motorola's Bluetooth application development strategies
regarding the applications outlined in the SIG's specifications,
namely emphasizing those applications that leverage existing
complementary assets, and those that are critical to Bluetooth
adoption regardless of prior expertise.
A. Serial Port Applications
Current State: Motorola is not currently working on
applications that would allow a Bluetooth enabled keyboard,
mouse, or other serial device to connect wirelessly with a
computer.
Complementary Assets: These products are low-tech and
low margin. Motorola does not have the expertise nor the
complementary assets required in manufacturing, marketing,
or distributing these types of products.
Competitive Environment: Motorola would face fierce
competition from established companies such as Microsoft
and Logitech.
Strategic Recommendation: Motorola would have to re-tool
manufacturing facilities that are producing high margin
products in order to produce the low margin serial devices.
Motorola would also have to absorb the costs associated with
traveling up the learning curve before it could attain a similar
cost base to its competitors. Additionally, avoiding head-tohead competition with Microsoft is almost always a good
strategy. Therefore, Motorola should not devote resources to
developing serial port applications.
C. Dial-up Modem Networking / Faxing

Current State: Motorola is not working on a stand-alone
wireless modem/fax application that utilizes Bluetooth.
Complementary Assets: Motorola has robust experience and
complementary assets in both wireless technology and
wireline modem manufacturing.
Competitive Environment: The market for wireless
modems, connected by cable from the PC to (usually) a cell
phone with modem capability is not large because current
performance level's are in the 14.4 Kbps range. Demand is
expected to increase as wireless data rates increase between
the wireless modem devices and the cellular infrastructure.
Strategic Recommendation: Motorola should not invest in
developing standalone wireless modem devices. They should
continue to focus on the development process for high-speed,
cellular phone-based wireless modems with Bluetooth
interface capability. Motorola should increase development
expenditures, as necessary, to ensure that cell phone/modem's
availability coincides with the availability of high-speed
cellular data infrastructure (projected for the first half of
2002).
C. LAN Access
Current State: Motorola is not presently working on
Bluetooth enabled access point connections to company
Intranets.
Complementary Assets: Although LAN access is similar to
wireless modem capability, there are some additional
complexities involved in LAN access. There would be a need
for substantial software development resources while
Motorola is just beginning to invest in and grow its software
development capabilities. Moreover, Motorola has limited
experience with competing in the networking products arena.
Competitive Environment: There are already competing
formats for wireless LAN access such as Hiper LAN and


IEEE802.11. These products/standards permit data
the DC power source. The current flowing in the armature
transmissions at speeds much faster than Bluetooth and over
coil sets up a strong magnetic field in the armature.
much longer distances. Strategic Recommendation: Because
of its lack of complementary assets and experience, Motorola
should not invest resources in developing Bluetooth products
aimed at this market.
D. D.C. Motor
A dc motor uses electrical energy to produce mechanical
energy, very typically through the interaction of magnetic
fields and current-carrying conductors. The reverse process,
producing electrical energy from mechanical energy, is
accomplished by an alternator, generator or dynamo. Many
types of electric motors can be run as generators, and vice
versa. The input of a DC motor is current/voltage and its
output is torque (speed) as shown in Fig.12.
Fig.13. Simple electrical diagram of DC motor.
Fig.12. DC Motor.
The DC motor has two basic parts: the rotating part that
is called the armature and the stationary part that includes
coils of wire called the field coils. The stationary part is also
called the stator. Figure shows a picture of a typical DC
motor, Figure shows a picture of a DC armature, and Fig
shows a picture of a typical stator. From the picture you can
see the armature is made of coils of wire wrapped around the
core, and the core has an extended shaft that rotates on
bearings. You should also notice that the ends of each coil of
wire on the armature are terminated at one end of the
armature.
The
termination
points
are
called
the commutator, and this is where the brushes make electrical
contact to bring electrical current from the stationary part to
the rotating part of the machine.
Operation: The DC motor you will find in modem industrial
applications operates very similarly to the simple DC motor
described earlier in this chapter. Figs.12 to 14 shows an
electrical diagram of a simple DC motor. Notice that the DC
voltage is applied directly to the field winding and the
brushes. The armature and the field are both shown as a coil
of wire. When voltage is applied to the motor, current begins
to flow through the field coil from the negative terminal to the
positive terminal. This sets up a strong magnetic field in the
field winding. Current also begins to flow through the brushes
into a commutator segment and then through an armature coil.
The current continues to flow through the coil back to the
brush that is attached to other end of the coil and returns to
Fig.14. Operation of a DC Motor.

The magnetic field in the armature and field coil causes
the armature to begin to rotate. This occurs by the unlike
magnetic poles attracting each other and the like magnetic
poles repelling each other. As the armature begins to rotate,
the commutator segments will also begin to move under the
brushes. As an individual commutator segment moves under
the brush connected to positive voltage, it will become
positive, and when it moves under a brush connected to
negative voltage it will become negative. In this way, the
commutator segments continually change polarity from
positive to negative. Since the commutator segments are
connected to the ends of the wires that make up the field
winding in the armature, it causes the magnetic field in the
armature to change polarity continually from North Pole to
South Pole. The commutator segments and brushes are
aligned in such a way that the switch in polarity of the
armature coincides with the location of the armature's
magnetic field and the field winding's magnetic field. The
switching action is timed so that the armature will not lock up
magnetically with the field. Instead the magnetic fields tend
to build on each other and provide additional torque to keep
the motor shaft rotating. When the voltage is de-energized to
the motor, the magnetic fields in the armature and the field
winding will quickly diminish and the armature shaft's speed


will begin to drop to zero. If voltage is applied to the motor
again, the magnetic fields will strengthen and the armature
will begin to rotate again.
Applications of DC Motors:
Electric Train: A kind of DC motor called the DC
Series Motor is used in Electric Trains. The DC
Series Motors have the property to deliver more
power when they are loaded more. So the more the
people get on a train, the more powerful the train
becomes.
Elevators: The best bidirectional motors are DC
motors. They are used in elevators. Compound DC
Motors are used for this application.
PC Fans, CD ROM Drives, and Hard Drives: All
these things need motors, very miniature motors,
with great precision. AC motors can never imagine
any application in these places.
Starter Motors in Automobiles: An automobile
battery supplies DC, so a DC motor is best suited
here. Also, you cannot start an engine with a small
sized AC motor,
Electrical Machines Lab in Colleges.
Fig.16.
V. RESULTS
The project Bluetooth operated pick and place robot
was designed to operate a Robot using bluetooth. The Robot
was used to operate using bluetooth and also which is capable
of Picking and Placing of many objects and results as shown
in Figs.15 to 20.
Fig. 17.
Fig.15. pic 16f877, DC Motors,L293D.
Fig.18.


uses wired mechanism and also it doesnt give the exact speed
of the motor. These drawbacks can be eliminated by using
wireless technologies like IR, Zigbee etc.., and exact speed of
the dc motor can be found by introducing an IR module. By
adding GSM module to this project we can get the
acknowledgement of the DC motors. The working status of
the motor can also be detected using GSM module.
VII. REFERENCES
The sites which were used while doing this project:
www.wikipedia.com.
www.allaboutcircuits.com.
www.microchip.com.
www.howstuffworks.com.
Books Referred:
Raj kamal Microcontrollers Architecture, Programming,
Interfacing and System Design.
Mazidi and Mazidi Embedded Systems.
BLUETOOTHB Design Tutorial David.L.Jones.
PIC Microcontroller Manual Microchip..
Embedded C Michael.J.Pont.
Fig.19.
Fig.20.
VI. CONCLUSION & FUTURE SCOPE
Integrating features of all the hardware components used
have been developed in it. Presence of every module has been
reasoned out and placed carefully, thus contributing to the
best working of the unit. Secondly, using highly advanced
ICs with the help of growing technology, the project has
been successfully implemented. Thus the project has been
successfully designed and tested. Our project Bluetooth
operated pick and place robot is intended to control the
speed and direction of a Robot through a general purpose
bluetooth. Each key in bluetooth has a unique ASCII value.
Each operation is assigned a specific key. The ASCII value of
the key pressed is fed as input to the micro controller through
serial port which is interfaced to the DC motor through a
driver (L293D) which controls the speed as well as the
direction of Robot. The main drawback of this system is it

Bluetooth Controlled Pick and Place Robot

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Bluetooth Controlled Pick and Place Robot

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ISSN 2319-8885