Coordinating Conjunctions

Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

The short, simple conjunctions are called "coordinating conjunctions":

and, but, or, nor, for, yet, so
A coordinating conjunction joins parts of a sentence (for example words or independent clauses) that are grammatically
equal or similar. A coordinating conjunction shows that the elements it joins are similar in importance and structure:
+
Look at these examples - the two elements that the coordinating conjunction joins are shown in square brackets [ ]:
I like [tea] and [coffee].
[Ram likes tea], but [Anthony likes coffee].
Coordinating conjunctions always come between the words or clauses that they join.
When a coordinating conjunction joins independent clauses, it is always correct to place a comma before the conjunction:
I want to work as an interpreter in the future, so I am studying Russian at university.
However, if the independent clauses are short and well-balanced, a comma is not really essential:
She is kind so she helps people.
When "and" is used with the last word of a list, a comma is optional:
He drinks beer, whisky, wine, and rum.
He drinks beer, whisky, wine and rum.
The 7 coordinating conjunctions are short, simple words. They have only two or three letters. There's an easy way to
remember them - their initials spell:
F
A
N
B
O
Y
S
For
And
Nor
But
Or
Yet
So

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

COORDINATING CONJUNCTIONS
As conjunes coordenativas unem oraes ou
termos que tm a mesma funo sinttica, ou
seja, que so independentes e que poderiam
aparecer em enunciados distintos. Por exemplo:
Peter prepared the chicken and Mary made the
salad.
As conjunes AND, BUT e OR so consideradas as
principais conjunes coordenativas do ingls.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

ADITIVAS (adio)
AND (e)
AND mostra uma relao de adio entre dois termos ou duas
oraes. Portanto, uma conjuno coordenada aditiva.
He brushed his teeth and combed his hair.
BOTH ... AND (tanto ... como)
BOTH ... AND indica que cada uma das opes est includa.
The children both love and respect their teacher.
Both Britain and th US opposed the plan.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO (no s ... como tambm)

NOT ONLY ... BUT ALSO um modo formal de
expressar adio.
Andrew desires not only a Mercedes but also a
Ferrari.
AND THEN (e depois)
AND THEN uma outra forma de expressar adio.
David spent three days in Rio de Janeiro and then a
week in Recife.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

CONTRASTE
BUT (mas, porm)
BUT d ideia de contraste entre dois termos ou duas oraes. uma
conjuno coordenada adversativa.
We shouted and shouted, but no one heard us.
YET (mas, porm)
YET expressa contraste, oposio. uma conjuno coordenativa
adversativa.
He tries hard, yet never seems to get any better.
OTHERWISE (seno, caso contrrio)
OTHERWISE expressa ideia de alternncia, ao mesmo tempo que
transmite ideia de contraste.
You should take na umbrella otherwise youll get wet.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

ALTERNNCIA
OR / OR ELSE (ou)
OR / OR ELSE expressam ideia de alternncia
entre dois termos ou duas oraes. So
conjunes coordenativas alternativas.
We can stop now or play another match.
We could discuss it now, or else * we could
leave it till next week.
*OR ELSE mais enftico.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

EITHER ... OR (ou ... ou)

EITHER ... OR expressa ideia de escolha entre
duas opes.
Either you start to take your work seriously or
youll have to look for another job.
NEITHER ... NOR (nem ... nem)
NEITHER ... NOR expressa ideia de nem uma
nem outra entre duas opes.
I neither know nor care.
We have neither the time nor the resources.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

CONSEQUNCIA / RESULTADO
SO (ento)
SO expressa motivo. Pode ser conjuno coordenativa ou
subordinativa, dependendo do contexto. O exemplo
abaixo ilustra a primeira possibilidade.
SO como conjuno coordenativa:
He told us to go away, so we did.
SO como conjuno subordinativa:
I switched on the television so I could see the news.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

RAZO
FOR (pois, porque)
FOR pode ser utilizada para expressar razo, da
mesma forma que BECAUSE.
He was extremely tired for he had walked all
day.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

EXERCISES
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Complete as oraes abaixo com and, but ou or.

I always wash my face _______ brush my teeth before I go to bed.
He went into the shop _______ bought a newspaper.
We screamed for help _______ unfortunately nobody heard us.
Would you like tea _______ would you prefer coffee?
He walked to the microphone ________ began his speech.
I love strawberries _________ Im not so keen on raspberries.
We can talk about this problem now _________ we can discuss it on
Monday.
We could go to the cinema tonight _________ we could stay at
home and watch a video.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

II. Complete as oraes abaixo com so ou yet.

1.He told us to do our homework, ______ we did.
2.He studies a lot, _______ he never gets good results in his
exams.
3.The exhibition was free last Sunday, _______ I went to
see it.
4.The Italian team played well, _______ France won in the
closing minutes.
5.The children wanted to eat hot dogs, ________ we went
to the fast-food restaurant.
6.The weather forescast said it would be sunny today,
__________ its raining now.

Coordinating Conjunctions
Daniel de Melo Soares - Ingls - 2 ano

III. Complete as oraes com either .... or ou neither ... nor.

1.I cant __________ eat fish _____ meat.
2.He ________knows _____ cares what happened.
3.I _______ speak French _____ understand it.
4.I can ________ swim _______ run.
5.Annie would like to drink _______ juice ______ water.
6.The hotel is _________ cheap _______ near the museum.