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UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS

International General Certificate of Secondary Education

* 6 9 0 6 2 3 2 2 4 1 *

0460/22

GEOGRAPHY
Paper 2

October/November 2013
1 hour 30 minutes

Candidates answer on the Question Paper.

Additional Materials:

Ruler
Protractor
Plain paper
Calculator

1:50 000 Survey Map Extract is enclosed with this Question Paper.
READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST
Write your Centre number, candidate number and name in the spaces provided.
Write in dark blue or black pen.
You may use a soft pencil for any diagrams, graphs or rough working.
Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.
DO NOT WRITE ON ANY BARCODES.
Answer all questions.
The Insert contains Photographs A and B for Question 3, and Photographs C
and D for Question 5.
The Survey Map Extract and the Insert are not required by the Examiner.
Sketch maps and diagrams should be drawn whenever they serve to illustrate an
answer.
At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.
The number of marks is given in brackets [ ] at the end of each question or part
question.

For Examiners Use

Q1
Q2
Q3
Q4
Q5
Q6
Total

This document consists of 13 printed pages, 3 blank pages and 1 Insert.

DC (SJF/SW) 66050/4
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2
1

Study the map extract, which is for Hippo Valley, Zimbabwe. The scale is 1:50 000.
(a) Fig. 1 shows some of the features in the north east part of the map extract. Study Fig. 1
and the map extract, and answer the questions opposite.
53
66

54

55

56

57

58

66

A
65

65
C

64

64
B

63

63

62

62

E
61
53

54

55

56
Fig. 1

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58

61

For
Examiners
Use

3
Using the map extract, identify the following features shown on Fig. 1:
(i)

For
Examiners
Use

feature A;
..............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii)

the name of river B;

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(iii)

the type of road at C;

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(iv)

the name of the ruins at D;

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(v)

feature E;
..............................................................................................................................[1]

(vi)

the land use in grid square F.

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Fig. 2 is a cross section from 500574 to 560574 (in the south of the map).

boundary 600
500 metres
400 above
300 sea
200 level
100
0
560574

600
metres 500
above 400
sea 300
level 200
100
0
500574
Fig. 2
On Fig. 2, using labelled arrows, mark the positions of:
(i)

a swamp;

[1]

(ii)

the Lundi River;

[1]

(iii)

a pan;

[1]

(iv)

the west-facing slope of Bendezi Hill.

[1]

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(c) Study the relief and drainage in the area north of the Lundi River. In each of questions
(i) (v) tick the correct description of this area. Tick () one box in each case.

(i)

Description

Tick ()

average height between 240 340 m

average height between 340 400 m
average height between 400 440 m
average height between 440 500 m

(ii)

Description

[1]
Tick ()

mostly flat
mostly gentle slopes
mostly steep slopes
mostly cliffs

(iii)

[1]
Description

Tick ()

main rivers flow west

main rivers flow north
main rivers flow east
main rivers flow south

(iv)

[1]

Description

Tick ()

rivers have many waterfalls

rivers have many rapids
rivers have many tributaries
rivers have many distributaries

(v)

Description

[1]
Tick ()

high drainage density

low drainage density
wide rivers
much marsh or swamp

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Examiners
Use

5
(d) Fig. 3 shows the area of wide gravel roads (shown by solid red lines) in the centre of the
map.
48
66

49

50

51

52

53

For
Examiners
Use

66

X
65

65

64

64

63

63

Y
62

62

Z
61
48

49

50

51

52

53

61

Fig. 3
(i)

What is the height above sea level at point Y?

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii)

Measure the bearing in degrees from grid north, from point Y to point X.
..............................................................................................................................[1]

(iii)

What is the compass direction from point X to point Z?

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(iv)

Give the six figure grid reference of point Z.

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(v)

Measure the distance along the road between X and Z, going through point Y. Give
your answer in metres.
...................................... metres [1]
[Total: 20 marks]

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2

Fig. 4 shows the distribution of population in China in people per square kilometre.

For
Examiners
Use

Tianjin
East
China
Sea
Shanghai
X
Key
>900
people / km2
401 900
people / km2
301 400
people / km2
0
km

101 300
people / km2

Hong Kong
Macau

0 100
people / km2
international
boundary
1000

South China Sea

Fig. 4
(a) Find area X on Fig. 4. This area has a population density of 301 400 people per
square kilometre. Using the key provided, add this information to Fig. 4.
[1]
(b) Describe the distribution of population shown on Fig. 4.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[3]
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(c) Fig. 5 shows the variation in height above sea level in China.

For
Examiners
Use

East
China
Sea

Key
mostly above 4000 m
mostly between 1000 and 4000 m
mostly below 1000 m
0
1000
km

South China Sea

Fig. 5

(i)

Describe the relationship between the population distribution shown on Fig. 4 and
height above sea level shown on Fig. 5.
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................[2]

(ii)

Suggest reasons for the relationship that you have described in (c)(i).
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................
..................................................................................................................................

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[Total: 8 marks]
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3

(a) The coast shown in Photograph A (Insert) has a tourist industry. Using evidence from
Photograph A only, explain why a tourist industry has developed on this coast.

For
Examiners
Use

..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[3]
(b) Photograph B (Insert) shows two coastal landforms, Y and Z, which have formed by
deposition. Explain how each of these landforms was formed.
Landform Y ......................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
Landform Z ......................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[5]
[Total: 8 marks]

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4

Figs 6, 7, 8 and 9 are cross sections through four plate margins (plate boundaries). Directions
of plate movement are shown by arrows.

ocean

ocean

Fig. 6

Fig. 7

ocean

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

(a) On Fig. 6 only, use labelled arrows to show the positions of:
(i)

a volcano;

[1]

(ii)

fold mountains;

[1]

(iii)

the focus of an earthquake.

[1]

(b) Name the type of plate boundary shown in Fig. 9. ..................................................... [1]

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11
(c) Fig. 10 is a map showing the worlds plates, plate margins and plate movements. Six
locations, A F, are shown.

C
Eurasian Plate

North
American
Plate

E
A

D
African
Plate

Pacific Plate
Nazca
Plate

For
Examiners
Use

South
American
Plate
B

Indian
Plate
Australian
Plate

Antarctic Plate
Key
plate boundary

plate movement
Fig. 10

For each of Figs 6, 7, 8 and 9 (opposite), identify its correct location, choosing from
locations A F on Fig. 10. Use each letter once only
Letter
Fig. 6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig. 9

[4]
[Total: 8 marks]

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5

Photographs C and D (Insert) show an area where subsistence farmers are attempting to
increase the food supply.
(a) (i)

For
Examiners
Use

Which two of the descriptions in the table below apply to the farming system shown
in Photograph C? Tick () two correct answers.
Tick ()
small scale
pastoral
large scale
arable

(ii)

[2]

Name one output of the farming system shown in Photograph C.

..............................................................................................................................[1]

(b) Name two outputs of the farming system shown in Photograph D.

1 ...........................................................

2 .......................................................... [2]

(c) Using evidence from Photographs C and D only, describe one problem of the physical
environment which will affect the decisions of the farmers.
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[1]
(d) Farmers in the area have chosen to carry out two types of farming, one shown in
Photograph C and one shown in Photograph D. Suggest why they carry out both types
of farming and not just one of them.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[2]
[Total: 8 marks]

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6

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is a gas which occurs naturally but is also given out by vehicle
exhausts, power stations, industrial processes and domestic heating. It has no direct health
effects but is one of the greenhouse gases.
Fig. 11 shows carbon dioxide emissions for six countries between 1997 and 2007. Fig. 12
shows how carbon emissions changed over the same period.
Total carbon dioxide emissions
1997 to 2007

Change in carbon dioxide emissions

1997 to 2007

0
20

Germany

India

Japan

Russia

USA

China

10

+20

Fig. 11
(a) (i)
(ii)

Germany

20

+40

India

30

+60

Japan

40

+80

Russia

50

+100

China

carbon dioxide emissions

(thousand million tonnes)

60

USA

change in carbon dioxide emissions

(percent)

70

Fig. 12

China emitted 45 thousand million tonnes of carbon dioxide between 1997 and
2007. Plot this information on Fig. 11.
[1]
How much carbon dioxide did Russia emit between 1997 and 2007?
..................................................................................... thousand million tonnes [1]

(b) (i)

Which one of the six countries decreased its carbon dioxide emissions between
1997 and 2007?
..............................................................................................................................[1]

(ii)

In 1997 China emitted 3.1 thousand million tonnes of carbon dioxide. Using
information from Fig. 12, calculate how much carbon dioxide was emitted in 2007.
Tick one correct answer below.
Tick ()
3.1 thousand million tonnes
6.2 thousand million tonnes
9.3 thousand million tonnes
12.4 thousand million tonnes

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[1]

For
Examiners
Use

15
(c) Fig. 13 shows the greenhouse effect.

For
Examiners
Use

long wave radiation to space

SUN

short wave radiation

long wave radiation

absorbed by greenhouse gases

nh
Gree

ouse gases e.g. CO

2

short wave radiation

long wave
radiation

long wave radiation

back to earth

E a r t h s s u r f a c e

Fig. 13
Using information from Fig. 13 only, explain how increases in the carbon dioxide content
of the atmosphere could lead to climatic changes.
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
..........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................[4]
[Total: 8 marks]

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Copyright Acknowledgements:
Question 3 Photographs A and B
Question 5 Photographs C and D
Question 6 Figs 11 and 12

David Kelly UCLES.

David Kelly UCLES.
Total Carbon Dioxide Emissions from the Consumption of Energy;
http://www.eia.gov/cfapps/ipdbproject/IEDIndex3.cfm?tid=90&pid=44&aid=8.

Permission to reproduce items where third-party owned material protected by copyright is included has been sought and cleared where possible. Every
reasonable effort has been made by the publisher (UCLES) to trace copyright holders, but if any items requiring clearance have unwittingly been included, the
publisher will be pleased to make amends at the earliest possible opportunity.
University of Cambridge International Examinations is part of the Cambridge Assessment Group. Cambridge Assessment is the brand name of University of
Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate (UCLES), which is itself a department of the University of Cambridge.

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