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Chapter 3

North America
Multiple Choice
Introduction
1.

The two major language groups in Canada are:


A. English and Spanish
*B. English and French
C. English and Canadian
D. Canadian and French E. only English is spoken widely in Canada

2.

_____ percentage of North American society lives in urban areas.


*A. 75%
B. 90%
C. 50%
D. 10%
E. 35%

3.

Every year about _____ of Americans change residence.


A. 25%
*B. 17%
C. 10%
D. 40%
E. 50%

4.

The three major ages of North America since Columbus, in


chronological order, are:
A. urban, industrial, agricultural
*B. agriculture, industrial urbanization, postindustrial society and economy
C. postindustrial society and economy, agriculture, industrial urbanization
D. urban, rural, postindustrial society and economy
E. 1492-1700, 1701-1980, 1980-present

5.

The United States is approximately _________ times larger than Canada


in terms of population.
A. 2
B. 3
*C. 10
D. 25
E. Canadas population is larger than that of the
United States
6.

Which of the following is true?


A. Canada is a fragmented state.
*B. The United States is a fragmented state.
C. Canadians live, for the most part, more than 200 miles from the U.S. border.
D. Hawaii causes the United States to be called a fragmented state.
E. All of the above are false.

7.

Approximately _____ percent of the Canadian population speaks


French.
A. 5
B. 15
*C. 25
D. 55
E. 90

8.

___ percent of Quebecs population is French speaking.


A. 20
B. 10
*C. 85

North America

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9.

D. 100
E. 98
Which of the following is inaccurate? Both Canada and the United
States:
A. are federal states
B. have plural societies
C. possess varied natural resource bases
*D. have large populations by world standards
E. have strongly urbanized populations

10. Which Canadian province contains the majority of French-speaking


citizens?
A. Nova Scotia
B. British Columbia
C Manitoba
*D. Quebec
E. Maine
11. Blacks today constitute about ______ percent of the United States
population.
*A. 13
B. 27
C. 39
D. 48
E. 3

North Americas Physical Geography


12. The major mountain chain in the eastern United States is the:
A. Rockies
*B. Appalachians
C. Cascades D. Atlantic
Mountains
E. there are no mountains in the eastern United
States
13. The physiographic region called the Canadian Shield:
*A. is the geologic core of North America
B. is an intermontane zone
C. consists of an extensive sedimentary surface
D. is bordered on the west by the Appalachian Mountains
E. is also known as the Arctic Coastal Plain
14. Which of the following states contains territory located in the
Intermontane Basin and Plateau physiographic province?
A. Wisconsin
B. Texas
C. Pennsylvania
*D. Nevada
E. New York
15. Which western United States city is least likely to suffer from the
adverse effects of the rain shadow phenomenon?
*A. San Francisco
B. Denver
C. Salt Lake City
D. Las Vegas
E. Phoenix
16. Which of the following states is not located within Humid America?
A. Tennessee
*B. Utah
C. Iowa
D. Arkansas
E. Florida

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North America

17. The Great Lakes main outlet to the sea is the:


A. Mississippi River
*B. St. Lawrence River
C. Colorado River
D. Columbia River
E. Great Lakes have no outlet to the sea
18. Which of the following is false?
*A. Tornadoes are much less common in North America than in other parts of
the world.
B. Winds are named for the direction from which they come.
C. An isohyet connects points of equal rainfall.
D. Drier climates give rise to a grassland cover.
E. The St. Lawrence Seaway is now of limited utility.
19. An isohyet is a:
*A. type of tornado
B. Pacific hurricane
temperature
D. type of weather inversion
20. A continental climate is most likely found in:
*A. New York
B. Oregon
D. Delaware
E. Kansas

C. line of equal
E. line of equal rainfall
C. Florida

The United States


21. Which of the following cities is not located on one of the Great Lakes?
A. Chicago
B. Toronto
*C. Pittsburgh
D. Buffalo
E. Detroit
22. Which of the following is not a major component of United States
population movement?
A. north to south movement
B. immigration
C.
east to west
D. illegal immigration
*E. Canada to the United States
23. Which of the following statements about migration is false?
A. pull factors attract migrants to destinations
B. push factors motivate people to move away
C. every migration from source to destination produces a counter-stream
D. 75 million Europeans left Europe between 1835 and 1935
*E. longer distances to a destination attract more migrants than shorter
distances
24. Which of the following areas was not one of the cultural hearths of
the United States?
A. New England
*B. The Ohio River Valley C. Middle-Atlantic
Pennsylvania
D. Tidewater Maryland
E. Tidewater Virginia

North America

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Twentieth-Century Industrial Urbanization


25. Which of the following cities reached its peak as a dynamic economic
center during the Steel-Rail Epoch (1870-1920)?
*A. Pittsburgh
B. Boston
C. Los Angeles
D. New Orleans
E. Miami
26. The first era in Borcherts epochs of metropolitan evolution was:
A. Iron Horse
*B. Sail-Wagon
C. Steel-Rail
D. Auto-Air-Amenity
E. none of the above
27. During the Sail-Wagon epoch most of the important American cities
were found in the:
A. Midwest
*B. Northeast
C. South
D. Ohio River Valley
E. northern part of Maine
28. An amenity is:
A. a form of transportation used in the Midwest
*B. something pleasant in the environment
C. an epoch of metropolitan evolution in Canada
D. only found in Sunbelt locales
E. found in the northern part of Maine
29. The core area of the United States is known as the:
A. Northeast
B. Atlantic Seaboard
*C. American
Manufacturing Belt
D. Borchert epoch
E. mega-urban area
30. Which of the following is not a primary conurbation?
A. Lower Great Lakes (Chicago-Detroit-Pittsburgh) *B. Desert (PhoenixTuscon)
C. California (San Diego-Los Angeles-San Francisco)
D. Peninsular Florida (Jacksonville, Orlando, Tampa, Miami) E. Megalopolis
31. In 1900, the geographic form of the American city was most strongly
shaped by:
A. the automobile
B. concentric rings of expanding industry
*C. the electric streetcar D. rapidly growing suburban communities
E. pedestrian traffic
32. In 1980, the geographic form of the American city was most strongly
shaped by:
*A. the automobile
B. concentric rings of expanding industry
C. the electric streetcar D. rapidly growing suburban communities
E. rapid transit

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North America

33. The largely black areas in US cities are often called:


*A. ghettos
B. neighborhoods
C. outer cities
D. amenities
E. urban realms
34. The final era of the Adams model of intraurban structural evolution is
the:
A. Automobile era
B. Electric Streetcar Era *C. Freeway Era
D. Walking-Horsecar Era E. Error Era

North America

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35. Which of the following is false?


A. Many U.S. suburbs have now become full-fledged outer cities
B. the urban realms model has been applied to Los Angeles by James Vance
C. the recreational automobile era was from 1920-1945
*D. all CBDs are found in the suburbs
E. the electric streetcar was the first mass transit that just about everyone
could afford

Cultural Geography
36. Which religious group does not fit with the area identified?
*A. Mormons and New York
B. Jews and urban areas
C. Baptists and the South
D. Catholics and the Northeast
E. Lutherans and the
upper Midwest
37. Which city contains the United States largest cluster of Asian
ethnics?
*A. Los Angeles
B. Miami
C. New York
D. Montreal
E. Pittsburgh
38. One of the fastest growing U.S. minorities is the:
*A. Asians
B. Italians
C. Jews
D. Farmers
E. Cajuns
39. A group which will soon become more numerous than Americans of
African descent are the:
*A. Hispanics
B. Amerindians
C. Pakistanis
D. Russians
E. Canadians
40. Which of the following areas has the least significant number of
Hispanics?
A. California
*B. Ohio
C. Florida
D. Texas
E. New Mexico
41. Which ethnic group does not fit with the area identified?
*A. Hispanics and Oregon
B. Asians and the Pacific coast
C. Native Americans in the West
D. Hispanics and South Florida
E. Jews and urban areas

The Changing Geography of Economic Activity


42. Which of the following is a secondary economic activity?
A. iron mining
*B. beer brewing
C. retail sales
D. managing a corporation
E. farming

43. Which of the following jobs belongs to the tertiary sector of the
American economy?
*A. computer systems specialist
B. chief executive of a multinational corporation
C. auto assembly line
welder
D. office receptionist
E. farmer
44. The transformation of raw materials into finished products is
associated with the ____________ sector of a nations economy.
A. primary
*B. secondary
C. tertiary
D. quaternary
E. quinary
45. Which of the following is not a fossil fuel?
A. natural gas
B. oil
*D. electricity
E. petroleum

C. coal

46. The United States is particularly well endowed with:


A. molybdenum
B. zinc
C. tin
*D. coal
E. none of the above
47. Which of the following is a major oil producing state?
A. Maine
B. New York
C. Ohio
*D. Texas
E. none of the above
48. Which of the following is a natural gas producing state?
A. Maine
B. New York
C. Ohio
*D. Texas
E. none of the above
49. In the 1990s, less than ______ percent of the American population lives
on farms.
*A. 2
B. 12
C. 24
D. 33
E. 52
50. Moving inland from the Atlantic Fruit and Vegetable Belt surrounding
Megalopolis, the next agricultural region encountered is the:
A. American Manufacturing Belt
*B. Dairy Belt
C. Spring Wheat Belt
D. Corn Belt
E. Forest Belt
51. Which city is not located within the American Manufacturing Belt (the
Continental Core)?
*A. Atlanta
B. New York
C. Detroit
D. Pittsburgh
E. Philadelphia
52. Economies of scale are:
A. a result of the expansion of primary activity
B. due to historical inertia
C. advantages of banking in the American Manufacturing Belt
*D. savings accruing from large-scale production
E. none of the above

53. The geographic concept that best explains the persistence of industry
in the American Manufacturing Belt today is:
*A. historical inertia
B. supranationalism
C. the law of primate
activity
D. mental mapping
E. the tobacco lobby
54. Which of the following is false?
A. The U.S. microprocessor industry is concentrated in Silicon Valley.
B. The U.S. is currently in a post-industrial revolution
C. Silicon Valley may be thought of as a technopole
*D. The Mercedes-Benz factory in Alabama turned out to be a great investment
for the state
government
E. Stanford University is an important component of Silicon Valley

Canada
55. Which city is located closest to the Canadian capital of Ottawa?
*A. Toronto
B. Windsor
C. Vancouver
D. Minneapolis
E. Washington, D.C.
56. Montreal and the lower course of the St. Lawrence Seaway are located
in the Canadian province of ________ .
A. British Colombia
B. Alberta
C. Nova Scotia
*D. Quebec
E. Ontario
57. The capital of Canada is:
A. Montreal
B. Toronto
D. Vancouver
E. Whitehorse

*C. Ottawa

58. Which of the following is one of Canadas Atlantic provinces?


*A. Nova Scotia
B. British Columbia
C. Manitoba
D. Quebec
E. Maine
59. Which of the following is one of Canadas Prairie provinces?
A. Nova Scotia
B. British Columbia
*C. Manitoba
D. Quebec
E. Maine
60. Which of the following is one of Canadas Pacific provinces?
A. Nova Scotia
*B. British Columbia
C. Manitoba
D. Quebec
E. Maine
61. Aboriginal peoples in Canada have had their rights recognized by the
Federal government as evidenced by the formation of:
A. the Yukon
*B. Nunavut
C. the Northwest Territories
D. the Meech Lake accord
E. Cree Country

62. Which of the following is Canadas most populace province?


A. Nova Scotia
*B. Ontario
C. Manitoba
D. Prince Edward Island E. Alberta

Population in Time and Space


63. The inhabitable zone of permanent settlement of a country is known
as its:
*A. ecumene
B. amenity
C. Nunavut
D. manufacturing belt
E. core area
64. More than 60% of Canadians live in an area known as:
*A. Main Street
B. Megalopolis
C. Nunavut
D. Alberta
E. core area
65. Canada began to unify around:
*A. 1867
B. 1800
D. 1776
E. 1650

C. 1914

66. The first European group to settle Canada were the:


*A. French
B. British
C. Spanish
D. Dutch
E. none of the above
67. The two European powers that fought over control of the area that
became Canada were the:
*A. French and British
B. British and Dutch
C. French and Spanish
D. Dutch and French
E. none of the above
68. Which of the following was known as Upper Canada?
A. Nova Scotia
*B. Ontario
C. Manitoba
D. Quebec
E. Nunavut
69. One of the conditions of the entry of British Columbia into Canada
was:
*A. the building of the transcontinental Canadian Pacific Railway
B. the opening of the Panama Canal
C. the establishment of regular ferry service through the Northwest Passage
D. the opening of the St. Lawrence Seaway
E. none of the above
70. Canadas primate city is:
A. Montreal
*B. Canada has no primate city
D. Vancouver
E. Boston

C. Toronto

71. The major Canadian heartland is known as:


A. Megalopolis
B. The AMB
*C. Main Street
D. San-San
E. the Toronto-Montreal axis

72. The three eras of Canadas economic development are:


A. Frontier-Staples Era, Era of Socialism, Era of Global Capitalism
*B. Frontier-Staples Era, Era of Industrial Capitalism, Era of Global Capitalism
C. Walking, Sail, Railroad
D. Main Street development, primary development, secondary development
E. none of the above
73. Quebec has asked for status as a _______ society in order to stay in the
Canadian federation.
A. special
B. different
C. French
*D. distinct
E. none of the above

Cultural/Political Geography
74. The province that has threatened to leave the Canadian union
because of cultural and linguistic differences is:
*A. Quebec
B. Nunavut
C. NAFTA
D. Ontario
E. British Columbia
75. Which of the following is false?
A. the French speaking area of Canada is not exactly coterminous with the
province of Quebec
B. some English-speaking communities in Quebec have made it known that
they might want to
secede from Quebec
C. the Cree in Northern Quebec would also like independence from Canada
*D. Quebec has twice voted for independence
E. the territory of the Cree has significant hydroelectric power

Economic Geography
76. The most important sectors of the Canadian economy are:
A. primary and secondary*B. tertiary and quaternary C. primary and tertiary
D. secondary and tertiary E. maple leafs and ice hockey
77. Which of the following do not go together?
A. Canadian Shield - rich mineral deposits
B. Alberta - oil
*C. Manitoba - wheat
D. Southern Ontario - postindustrial transformation
E. Bananas - Nunavut
78. A regional state is:
A. a province about to secede from a country
B. a member of a supranational economic group
D. a grouping of provinces or states

NAFTA

*C. one of the Four


Canadas
E. a natural economic zone

79. NAFTA includes all of the following countries except:


*A. Bahamas
B. United States
C. Mexico
D. Canada
E. All are in NAFTA
80. NAFTA may be supplanted by:
*A. The Free Trade Area of the Americas (FTAA)
B. The Latin American Free Trade Association
C. GATT
D. USNAFTA

E. the European Union

81. The North American Free Trade Agreement:


A. went into effect in the year 2000
B. includes Cuba
*C. includes the United States, Canada, and Mexico
D. makes North America the largest trade bloc in the world E. all but A above

The North American Core


82. Which of the following is not a corner city of the American
Manufacturing Belt (Continental Core)?
A. St. Louis
B. Boston
C. Milwaukee
*D. Philadelphia
E. Washington, D.C.
83. Which statement below best defines the North American Core? It:
*A. encompasses a great rectangle from Boston to Washington to St. Louis to
Milwaukee and
includes southernmost Ontario.
B. incorporates the subsidiary cores of California and British Columbia into a
continent-wide
network.
C. consists of the prime farmlands of the Midwest (the Corn belt) and the
eastern states.
D. lies astride the United States-Canadian boundary westward from the area of
the Great
Lakes, extending to British Columbia (including Vancouver) and Washington
(Seattle).
E. is constituted by the source area of modern North American culture: the
east coast of the
United States and the St. Lawrence Valley, Canada.
84. The core region metropolis that has gained the most from post
industrialization is:
*A. Washington, D.C.
B. Boston
C. Detroit
D. Baltimore
E. Pittsburgh
85. Toyota recently opened a plant in the area of:
A. Detroit
*B. Lexington, KY
C. New York
D. Baltimore
E. Chicago

The Maritime Northeast


86. Northern New England is tied culturally and economically to:
A. Quebec
*B. Atlantic Canada
C. British Columbia
D. Prince Edward Island E. Newfoundland
87. Which of the following statements is true?
A. New Englands economy declined in the late 1990s.
B. All economic sectors in New England have suffered during the past two
decades.
C. Microcomputers have had little effect on New Englands economy.
*D. New Englands economy has been on a roller coaster since 1980, and was
on an upturn
during the late 1990s.
E. All of the above are false.
88. Which of the following statements is false?
A. New oil deposits in offshore Newfoundland may transform that provinces
economy.
B. The Atlantic Provinces have had disagreements over fishing rights with
other nations.
C. Prince Edward Island is now connected to the mainland via an eight-mile
bridge.
*D. Newfoundland is Canadas richest province.
E. All of the above are false.

French Canada
89. Which of the following is not part of the Francophone area?
A. southern part of Quebec
*B. New Brunswick C.
northern Maine
D. western New York
E. all of the above are parts of the Francophone area
90. A unique form of rural settlement developed in French Canada is
called:
*A. long lots
B. village centered agriculture
C. riverside lots
D. township and range
E. none of the above
91. Canadas large cluster of Francophones in New Brunswick are known
as:
*A. Acadians
B. Ontarioans
C. French
D. Brunswickers
E. none of the above
92. Quebec has:
A. a declining birth rate.
B. offered incentives for French speakers from elsewhere to move to Quebec.
*C. significant hydroelectric power.
D. a population that has rapidly urbanized.
E. all of the above are true.

The Continental Interior


93. Which state is located in the U.S. Wheat Belt?
A. Iowa
B. Texas
*C. Kansas
D. Maine
E. None of the above states produce significant
quantities of wheat
94. Which state is located in the U.S. Corn Belt?
*A. Iowa
B. Texas
C. Florida
D. Maine
E. None of the above states produce significant
quantities of corn
95. Which of the following statements about the Continental Interior is
false?
*A. The small family farm continues to predominate.
B. Many young persons are leaving the area, leaving behind an aging
population.
C. Telemarketing has become a major enterprise.
D. Spring wheat is grown in the more northerly parts of the region.
E. Hogs are raised in conjunction with corn.

The South
96. The North American region which has undergone the most change in
recent years is:
*A. the South
B. the Continental Core
C. Agricultural Heartland
D. New England/Atlantic Provinces
E. French Canada
97. The bulldozer revolution is associated with which region?
*A. the South
B. the Continental Core
C. Agricultural Heartland
D. New England/Atlantic Provinces
E. French Canada
98. The region with the greatest disparity in income between rich and
poor is:
*A. the South
B. the Continental Core
C. Agricultural Heartland
D. New England/Atlantic Provinces
E. French Canada
99. Which city bills itself as the Gateway to Latin America?
A. Tampa
B. Houston
*C. Miami
D. Georgia
E. New Orleans
100. Which of the following is not a demographic change that has occurred
in The South?
A. migration of whites from the North
B. migration of blacks from the North
*C. Significant growth in the French-speaking population.
D. migration of retirees to Florida, North Carolina, and elsewhere
E. migration of Asians

The Southwest
101.

The Southwest is a tricultural region comprised of:


A. blacks, whites and Native Americans
B. whites, Alaskans, and Hawaiians
*C. Native Americans, Hispanics, and Anglos
D. Mexicans, Native Americans and Americans
E. none of the above

102. The three-pronged foundation of the Southwest is:


A. sail-wagon, horsecar-walking, steel-rail
B. coal, natural gas, oil
C. urban, rural, and suburban settlement
*D. electricity, water, and the automobile
E. none of the above
103.

Much of the growth of Texas is based on which raw material?


A. coal
*B. oil
C. molybdenum
D. cactus juice
E. electricity

104.
Which of the following is one of the worlds most productive postindustrial complexes?
A. Phoenix and Tuscon
B. Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio
C. El Paso
*D. Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach
E. Charlotte, Atlanta, and Charleston
105. Which of the following areas is compared to Israels Negev Desert in
terms of regional development?
*A. Phoenix and Tuscon
B. Dallas-Fort Worth, Houston and San Antonio
C. El Paso
D. Miami, Fort Lauderdale, and West Palm Beach
E. Charlotte, Atlanta, and Charleston

The Western Frontier


106.

107.

The fastest growing metropolitan area in the US is:


A. Miami
*B. Las Vegas
C. Dallas
D. Phoenix
E. Denver

Utah, Nevada, Idaho and western Colorado are all part of the:
*A. Western Frontier
B. Continental Interior
C. Maritime Northeast
D. Southwest
E. Pacific Hinge
108.
Many disenchanted Californians have moved to the:
*A. Western Frontier
B. Continental Interior
C. Maritime Northeast
D. Southwest
E. Pacific Hinge

109.

Software Valley is found in which state?


A. California
*B. Utah
D. New York
E. Montana

C. Nevada

110. Higher income, recreation-seeking city dwellers invading an area that


has a less affluent population trying to preserve a way of life based on
declining activities such as mining and extensive agriculture defines
which of the following regions?
*A. Western Frontier
B. Continental Interior
C. Maritime Northeast
D. Southwest
E. Pacific Hinge

The Northern Frontier


111.
The North American region which is the largest and the least
densely settled is the:
*A. Northern Frontier
B. Continental Interior
C. Maritime Northeast
D. Southwest
E. Pacific Hinge
112. The North American region in which First Nations has the greatest
interest is:
*A. Northern Frontier
B. Continental Interior
C. Maritime Northeast
D. Southwest
E. Pacific Hinge
113. The North American region which is most dependent upon the
extraction of raw materials is the:
*A. Northern Frontier
B. Continental Interior
C. Maritime Northeast
D. Southwest
E. Pacific Hinge
114. The Yukon, Northwest Territories and Nunavut are all part of the:
*A. Northern Frontier
B. Continental Interior
C. Maritime Northeast
D. Southwest
E. Pacific Hinge
115. Technological breakthroughs are beginning to allow the exploitation
of which of the following Albertan commodities?
*A. tar sands
B. diamonds
C. hydroelectric power
D. oil
E. cold weather bananas
116. The North Slope of Alaska contains large quantities of:
*A. tar sands
B. diamonds
C. hydroelectric power
D. oil
E. cold weather bananas

The Pacific Hinge


117. All of the following are found in The West Coast region except:
A. California
*B. the Route 128 corridor C. Olympic Mountains
D. San Francisco
E. earthquakes
118. Much of the growth in the Pacific Hinge occurred:
A. after the discovery of gold
*B. after World War II
C. between the two world wars
D. when the Russians entered North America in the 1400s
E. in the 1990s
119. The Pacific Hinge is called a hinge because:
A. the potential for earthquakes is so great that the area is like a hinge,
hanging off the remainder of the continent
*B. it represents a gateway to Asia and the Pacific Rim
C. of the large Hispanic population
D. it is a humid area of the West
E. it is a major agricultural area
120.
The most important factor in the growth of the Pacific Northwest
has been:
A. cheap oil
*B. cheap hydroelectric power
C. the Seattle
Seahawks
D. its warm climate
E. the damming of the
Colorado River
121.

_________ is the city with the most Asians in North America.


A. Denver
*B. Vancouver
C. Seattle
D. San Diego
E. Chicago

Chapter 3
North America
True-False
Introduction
1.

The opposite of the Sunbelt is the Rainbelt. (F)

2.

French shares equal official status with English in Canada. (T)

3.

The United States is a geographically fragmented country, but Canada is not.

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North America

(T)
4.

Most Canadians live within 10 miles of the United States border. (F)

5.

More than 75 percent of North Americans live in urban areas. (F)

6.

Nearly 90 percent of residents of Quebec are Francophone. (T)

7.

Racial segregation in the United States can be said to be de facto. (T)

8. Both the United States and Canada have a maturing postindustrial society and
economy. (T)
9.

The United States is slightly less than ten times larger in population size than
Canada. (T)

10. Approximately 75 percent of the Canadian population today uses English as


their first or major language. (F)
11. Both the United States and Canada exhibit cultural pluralism. (T)

North Americas Physical Geography


12. The Rockies and Appalachians have a different geographic orientation than the
Alps, which leads to different weather patterns in the two areas of the world.
(T)
13. Physically homogeneous regions are called physiographic provinces. (T)
14. The Rocky Mountains are aligned in a generally north-south direction. (T)
15. The intermontane region of North America is found in eastern Canada. (F)
16. The most important physical feature of the western U.S. is the Gulf Coastal
plain. (F)
17. Yearly temperature ranges are much larger where continentality prevails. (T)
18. The rain shadow effect has its greatest influence on the climate of San Diego.
(F)
19. The natural vegetation where rainfall is under 20 inches per year is forest in
North America. (F)
20. An isohyet is a line of equal temperature. (F)

North America

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21. There are more tornados in the central US each year than anywhere else on
earth. (T)
22. Washington, D.C., Baltimore, and Philadelphia are all Fall line cities. (T)

The United States


23. Push factors motivate people to move away from an area. (T)
24. Migration streams are due only to pull factors. (F)
25. A major reason for growth in the Sunbelt is that many new immigrants are
settling there. (T)
26. Even African Americans are moving to the Sunbelt after years of moving north.
(T)
27. Despite the westward-moving frontier, many parts of California were settled by
easterners before the Great Plains region. (T)
28. During the colonial era in the US, Tidewater Virginia and Maryland specialized
in the growing of tobacco. (T)

1 The United States Civil War took place in the 1890s and the South took
many years to recover. (F)

Twentieth-Century Industrial Urbanization


30. In the Sail-Wagon Epoch (1790-1830), the leading cities were Boston,
New York, and Philadelphia. (T)
31. The correct order of the epochs of metropolitan evolution is Sail-Wagon,
Iron Horse, Steel-Rail, Auto-Air-Amenity. (T)
32. Another name for the American Manufacturing Belt is the continental
core area. (T)
33. The name Megalopolis applies to the vast, coalescing urban region
between Boston and Washington, D. C. (T)
34. The correct order of the intrametropolitan urbanization model is the
Walking-Horsecar, Recreational Automobile, Electric Streetcar, and
Freeway Eras. (F)

Page 18

North America

35. Ghettoes developed in North American cities in the 1920s, as


unemployed blacks from the South came North to work in factories, and
whites refused to share their living space with them. (T)
36. The shaping of the spatial form of the American metropolis from 19201945 was more heavily influenced by private automobiles than public
transit systems. (T)
37. The suburban area of a city that has significant non-residential activity
is known as an outer
city. (T)
38. James Vance recognized the nature of the multicentered metropolis in
his urban realms model. (T)

Cultural Geography
39. Most Baptists are concentrated in the Southeastern United States. (T)
40. Most Jews are concentrated in Megalopolis, southern California, southern
Florida, and the Midwest. (T)
41. Mormons are concentrated in the Northeast. (F)
42. African Americans constitute about 25 percent of all Americans. (F)
43. Most Hispanics are located in California, Texas, New Mexico, and South
Florida. (T)
44. Fifty percent of all immigrants still settle in either New York City or
Chicago. (F)
45. The black population is expected to be larger than the Hispanic
population before 2000, thereby making it the largest U.S. minority. (F)

The Changing Geography of Economic Activity


46. The services sector of the economy includes a wide range of activities,
from retailing, to finance, to education, to routine office-based jobs. (T)

North America

Page 19

47. A much lower percentage of workers are employed in agriculture in


North America than a century ago. (T)
48. Most Americans are employed in the primary sector of the economy. (F)
49. Primary industries include steel manufacturing, automobile production,
and furniture making. (F)
50. The Appalachian region is the most important coal region. (T)
51. Much of U.S. oil comes from New England. (F)
52. The general pattern of U.S. agriculture is consistent with the basic idea
of von Thnen. (T)
53. Only 1.5 percent of Americans live on farms. (T)
54. The dairy belt is north of the corn belt. (T)
55. Most of the Rocky Mountain area supports grazing and irrigated crops.
(T)
56. The old cotton belt is centered in Kansas. (F)
57. Economies of scale only develop in industrial areas. (F)
58. Historical inertia tends to make certain locational patterns remain the
same. (T)
59. Within the American Manufacturing Belt, the Midwest has shown more
positive changes than has the Northeast. (T)
60. Los Angeles, San Diego, and Silicon Valley are all located in Southern
California. (F)
61. A technopole is an urban area that emphasizes traditional industry. (F)
62. The Research Triangle is located in North Carolina. (T)

Canada
63. Like the US, Canada is a federal state. (T)

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North America

64. Prince Edward Island is an Atlantic province. (T)


65. British Columbia is a Pacific Province of Canada. (T)
66. Nunavut is a new aboriginal province in southern Quebec. (F)
67. The Inuit are a native tribe for whom Nunavut was formed. (T)

North America

Page 21

Population in Time and Space


68. An ecumene is the inhabitable zone of permanent settlement in an area.
(T)
69. Main Street is the conurbation from Quebec City to Windsor. (T)
70. In spite of its central location, Main Street Canada contains 60 percent of
Canadas land area and 2 percent of its population. (F)
71. Despite a settlement history as long as that of the United States, the
modern Canadian state was not formed until after the U. S. Civil War
(1861-1865). (T)
72. The original European settlers in French Canada were the Protestant
Huguenots from Britain. (F)
73. The British North America Act established the Canadian Federation in
1867. (T)
74. The three stages in the development of twentieth century Canada are
the Frontier-Staples Era, the Era of Industrial Capitalism, and the Era of
Global Competition. (T)

Cultural/Political Geography
75. Quebec is the Canadian province that has expressed some desire to secede
from Canada. (T)
76. The successful succession of Quebec from the Canadian confederation in 1982
resulted in the birth of the new country of Francophone (French Canada) on
January 1, 1992. (F)
77. Complicating Quebecs secession from Canada is that First Nation and Inuit
peoples claim large sections of northern Quebec. (T)
78. In 1995, Quebec voted to become independent from Canada, but the move
was overturned by the Canadian Supreme Court. (F)

Economic Geography
79. The Canadian Shield is a large geological feature that has almost no natural
resources. (F)
80. 70 percent of the Canadian workforce is now employed in the tertiary and
quaternary sectors of the economy. (T)

81. NAFTA is likely to de-emphasize east-west economic connections in Canada


and to invigorate north-south connections between various Canadian provinces
and US states to the south. (T)
82. A regional state is a natural economic zone. (T)

NAFTA
83. The North American Free Trade Agreement adds Mexico to Canada and the
United States as a third partner in a common market. (T)

The North American Core


84. The Manufacturing Belt is seeing continuing increases in industrial
employment. (F)
85. Megalopolis is the name for the large region around Boston that includes the
Route 128 freeway corridor. (F)
86. New York City remains the national leader in finance and advertising and is
home to significant elements of the broadcast and print media. (T)
87. The automobile industry remains important in the Midwest, with both American
and Japanese companies having automobile assembly plants in the area. (T)

The Maritime Northeast


88. New England feels a great cultural and economic affinity with the Atlantic
Provinces of Canada. (T)
89. Primary activities contribute very little to the economy of the Maritime
Northeast. (F)
90. The economy of New England has experienced both spectacular prosperity as
well as hard times during the past twenty years. (T)
91. Newfoundland is Canadas poorest province. (T)
92. The cost of doing business in New England is higher than in the South or the
Southwest. (T)

French Canada
93. The St. Lawrence Seaway is the major river in French Canada. (T)
94. The urbanization of the French within Quebec has lead to lessening ties to the
Roman Catholic church and to decreases in the birth rates. (T)

95. French speakers in New Brunswick are known as ecumenes. (F)


96. Agriculture in French Canada is often done on long lots designed to be
perpendicular to the St. Lawrence and other rivers and to give each farm
access to roadways. (T)

The Continental Interior


97. Wheat farming is, in general, located to the west of corn farming in the US. (T)
98. The Spring Wheat belt is north of the winter wheat belt. (T)
99. Gateway 2000's original home office was in Illinois. (F)
100. Large scale corporate farming is beginning to dominate the Continental Interior
at the expense of the family farm. (T)
101. The population of the Continental Interior has increasing numbers of elderly
persons. (T)

The South
102.

The southern tier of the United States is a uniformly booming area. (F)

103.

The bulldozer revolution has occurred in the Maritime Northeast. (F)

104. Increasing numbers of Asians and Hispanics may be found in the South. (T)
105. Miami is the Gateway to Latin America. (T)

The Southwest
106.

The Southwest can be identified as a bicultural region of Hispanics and


Anglos. (F)

107.
Electricity, water, and the automobile have all acted to develop the
Southwest. (T)
108.

The Telecom Corridor is a technopole in the Dallas-Fort Worth area. (T)

109. Development in Arizona has been compared to Israels Negev. (T)

The Western Frontier


110. The Western Frontier includes the states of Utah, Nevada, Idaho, and western Colorado. (T)

111. The Las Vegas area is the hottest growth area in the Western Frontier. (T)
112. Many transplanted Floridians have settled in the Western Frontier. (F)
113.
Managing growth without restricting economic activity are buzzwords heard in the North
American Core. (F)

The Northern Frontier


114. The Northern Frontier is the largest region in North America. (T)
115. The Canadian Shield is located in the Northern Frontier. (T)
116.

The Northern Frontier has significant quantities of raw materials, including oil. (T)

117.

Thirty percent of the population of the Northern Frontier is in Alaska. (T)

The Pacific Hinge


118.

California is America's most populous state. (T)

119.

Aircraft manufacturing is particularly important in the Pacific Northwest. (T)

120.

Unlike much of the rest of the western parts of the US, the Pacific Hinge has
adequate rainfall. (T)

121.

The San Andreas fault is located in California. (T)

122.

Vancouver is the most Asianized metropolis in North America. (T)

Matching
123. Atlantic Province (C)
124. Corn Belt (D)
125. Adirondacks (A)
126. Oil shale (B)
127. Francophone Canada (E)
A. New York
B. Colorado
C. Nova Scotia
D. Illinois
E. Quebec

128. Site of Canadian capital (E)


129. Winter Wheat Belt (B)
130. Vancouver (A)
131. Corn Belt (D)
132. Mississippi Delta (C)
A. British Columbia
B. Kansas
C. Louisiana
D. Iowa
E. Ontario

Fill Ins
133. The northward extension of the Sierra Nevada through the states of Oregon
and Washington is called the __________ Mountains. (Cascade)
134. The most widespread natural vegetation in Arid America, where annual
precipitation is less then 50 centimeters (20 inches), is __________ . (grassland,
steppe)
135. The westernmost and largest of the five Great Lakes is Lake __________ .
(Superior)
136. The outlet to the sea for the Great Lakes is the __________ River. (St. Lawrence)
137. The Atlantic Seaboard Megalopolis stretches northeastward from Washington,
D.C. to the vicinity of the metropolitan area of __________. (Boston)
138. The conurbation produced by the coalescence of the Boston-Washington urban
corridor along
the northeastern seaboard of the United States is known as __________ .
(Megalopolis)
139. The four corner cities of the American Manufacturing Belt are: Washington,
D.C., St. Louis,
Milwaukee, and __________. (Boston)
140. Secondary economic activities involve jobs in the __________ sector, which is
engaged in the
transformation of raw materials into finished products. (Manufacturing,
Industrial)
141. The three leading fossil fuels are petroleum (oil), natural gas, and __________ .
(Coal)
142. The overall regional distribution of U.S. agricultural activity can be explained
within the spatial
framework of the model developed by __________ . (Von Thnen)

143. Montreal and the lower course of the St. Lawrence River are located in the
Canadian province of _______. (Quebec)
144. The capital of Canada is __________ . (Ottawa)

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