Biology Project: Experiment Report ZIS

Vannara Lim 12643 10A (Group 2)

Seed Germination
December 8th, 2015

Name:

Date:

Ms. Marilou Lazar

Title: SEED GERMINATION

INTRODUCTION
In this unit, we have learned the coordination and responses of both human and plants-mainly
human. Generally, when there is a change in the outer environment, also known as a stimuli,
living organisms all respond to it. Most of these responsiveness are very useful, it aids these
organisms to survive in harsh environments. Our experiment, which is titled Seed
Germination will focus mainly on how shoots respond to lighting stimuli. We all know that all
plants require: water, carbon dioxide, as well as sunlight as a source of adenosine
triphosphate energy (ATP energy) to power chlorophylls and allow photosynthesis to take
place. However, in some conditions where plants are located in a location where it is not
provided with sufficient sunlight, it will grow and adapt by growing its stem or branches until it
gets in the right position to receive the right and sufficient amount of sunlight needed. This
response is also known as phototropism. In this experiment, we will test these theories
using two types of plants to do seed germination-those are: green beans, and corns. Although
we may not grow the plants to its full potential where it becomes an adult plant to produce
fruits or seeds, we will record and test out the first four days of their growth.

HYPOTHESIS
If the seedlings does not receive enough sunlight less than it has anticipated, it will grow its
organs longer and broader to foresee the limitations and obstacles in its way.

MATERIALS
In order to complete this project, you must have the following materials:
o
o
o
o
o
o

15 Green Beans
15 Corn Beans
Neutral Water (Preferably 1 Litre)
Cotton (1 big packet)
3 Transparent Cups (Preferably disposable)
2 Shoe boxes (No holes)

PROCEDURES
Here are the step-by-step instructions of how to prepare your experiments and set ups:
1. Preparing your set ups.
First, label all three cups. One cup should be Set Up A, another should be Set up
B, and one for
Set up C respectively

Second, stuff a thick layer of cotton in each cups. It should be about 4/10 the
height of the cups.
Third, drop 5 seeds of green beans and 5 seeds of corn beans in each cups or set
ups.
After doing so, stuff another layer of cotton over the beans in all set ups. It should
be thinner than the base cotton layer but it should be quite thick as well (1/2 the height
of base cotton layer).
Fifth, we are going to make usage of the shoe boxes. Start by cutting a square
through the cover of the shoe box. The hole should not be too small, about 70% of
sunlight should pass into the set up. Then place set up A in the shoe box in a vertical
standing position (refer to diagram below). This is your set up A. After that, place set
up C cup into the other shoe box in the same way like the set up A (placing the cup
set up in a vertical standing box position) , but the shoe box should have no openings.
This is your set up C. Set up B is left out exposed to the sun.
Bo
x
Set up
cups
Hole
Set up B
(Cup exposed)
Set up C
(Cup kept in closed
box)

Set up A
(Cup in a holed
box)
2. When finished preparing all the set ups. Leave all the three set ups in a warm place for
four days recording all changes each day. For all set ups, make sure to record the
highest growth and the most organs grown for each type of seeds in each set ups.
3. At the end of the day four, collect all the set ups to analyze with your teacher and your
group mates.

RESULTS
Our result is presented in both tables and graphs. For the first part, we will show case 2 tables
displaying results form set up A and set up B respectively.

Height of Seedlings
Day
Typ
e of
Bea
n

Day
Day
Day
Day

1
2
3
4

Set Up A

Set Up B

Set Up C

Green
Beans

Corn
Beans

Green
Beans

Corn
Beans

Green
Beans

Corn
Beans

9mm
20mm
45mm
51mm

12mm
15mm
18mm
20mm

13mm
16mm
20mm
25mm

13mm
14mm
15mm
18mm

15mm
18mm
22mm
27mm

13mm
14mm
17mm
20mm

Number of Sprouted Seeds

Day
Typ
e of
Bea
n

Day
Day
Day
Day

1
2
3
4

Set Up A

Set Up B

Set Up C

Green
Beans

Corn
Beans

Green
Beans

Corn
Beans

Green
Beans

Corn
Beans

3
4
5
5

0
0
2
3

4
4
5
5

0
2
3
4

3
4
5
5

2
3
4
5

Height of Seeds in Set Up "A"

60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Day 1

Day 2
Green Beans

Day 3
Column1

Day 4

Height of Seeds in Set Up "B"

30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Day 1

Day 2
Green Beans

Day 3

Day 4

Corn Beans

Height of Seeds in Set Up "C"

30
25
20
15
10
5
0
Day 1

Day 2
Green Beans

Day 3
Corn Beans

Day 4

Number of Seeds Sprouted in Set Up "A"

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

Day 1

Day 2

Day 3

Green Beans

Day 4

Corn Beans

Number of Seeds Sprouted in Set Up "B"

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

Day 1

Day 2
Green Beans

Day 3
Corn Beans

Day 4

Number of Seeds Sprouted in Set Up "C"

6
5
4
3
2
1
0

Day 1

Day 2
Green Beans

Day 3
Corn Beans

Day 4

CONCLUSION
In conclusion, with the results we have retrieved, we can conclude that plants does really
respond to phototropism which means it will grow adapting towards sunlight. From the data,
seedlings in set up A grows more than seedlings in set up B, this positively reflects back to
our hypothesis which states about the responsiveness of plants to phototropism. According to
our testing, we observe that set up C performs more growth compared to set up B; where
set up A grows the highest. This result may not be a good proof for our hypothesis since it
does not show a strong excel in growth for set up C. However, if we move down to the
second result table (Number of seeds growth), set up C performs the best. While in day 4the final day, only 9 seeds from set up A grew organs. In set up B, there are 9 seeds which
grow organs. In set up C, there are 10 seeds which grew organs; this obviously shows the
best growth performance in set up C. Therefore, we can conclude that our hypothesis is true
and valuable. Our independent variable is the amount of sunlight, the dependent variable is
the height of the seedlings and the number of seeds sprouted; our control group is the
amount of water fed, the number of seeds used in each set ups, as well as the concentration
of carbon dioxide. However, for exact studies; there are factors that must be considered are:
the rate of photosynthesis of seedlings and the exact measurement of water, carbon dioxide,
and sunlight intensity used so more exact and proper results can be produced.