Compliance CASR Part 142

CASR Part 142
Guidance on preparing an
Operator Exposition
DISCLAIMER: While every effort has been made by CASA to ensure that the information contained in this Guide is
accurate, operators must ensure that they comply with the civil aviation legislation at all times. Under no circumstances will
CASA accept any responsibility for reliance on the information contained within this document and expressly disclaims all
warranties with regard to the information or its application.
INTRODUCTION
This document provides guidance on the structure and content of a Part 142 operator
exposition. The content relates directly to the requirements of Part 142 of the Civil Aviation
Safety Regulations 1998 (CASR).
Who does Part 142 apply to?

Part 142 applies to applicants for, and holders of, authorisations to conduct the following
Part 142 activities:
(1)
Part 142 flight training.
(2)
Contracted recurrent training.
(3)
Contracted checking.
Part 142 only applies to aeroplanes, helicopters, airships or flight simulation training devices.
(1) Part 142 flight training is any of the following.
1. An integrated training course for the grant of a private pilot licence or commercial
pilot licence under Part 61.
2. Training for the grant of a multi-crew pilot licence, air transport pilot licence or flight
engineer licence under Part 61.
3. Multi-crew cooperation training.
4. Training for the grant of a type rating under Part 61, other than a type rating
mentioned in an instrument under CASR 142.045. (Type ratings mentioned in such
an instrument may be for larger aircraft certificated for single pilot operation. Training
for a type rating mentioned under an instrument may be conducted by a Part 141
operator.)
5. Training conducted as a multi-crew operation for the grant of a flight crew rating
under Part 61, other than a type rating. Examples of flight crew ratings are instrument
ratings and cruise relief ratings.
6. Training conducted as a multi-crew operation, for the grant of a flight crew
endorsement under Part 61 (for example, an endorsement to an instrument rating
such as IAP 3D instrument endorsement), other than:
(i)
a design feature endorsement
(ii)
a flight activity endorsement.
7. Training that is given as part of a flight review that is conducted as a multi-crew

operation.
CASR Part 142 Guidance on preparing an Operator Exposition
Page | 2
8. Differences training:
(i)
that is required as mentioned in CASR 61.780, 61.835 or 61.1370, for a variant

covered by a type rating that is not a type rating mentioned in a legislative
instrument under CASR 142.045 and
(ii)
that is not conducted by a training and checking organisation approved under

regulation 217 of the Civil Aviation Regulations 1988 (CAR).
(2) Contracted recurrent training is training, other than initial qualification training, given
by a Part 142 operator to the personnel of a contracting operator to ensure those personnel
are competent to carry out their responsibilities. Contracted recurrent training is not limited to
multi-crew operations.
(3) Contracted checking is checking conducted by a Part 142 operator for a contracting
operator, to assess whether the contracting operators personnel are competent to carry out
their responsibilities. Contracted checking is not limited to multi-crew operations.
What is an Exposition?
In the context of Part 142, an exposition is a statement of the information required under
CASR 142.340 (Content of Exposition). The content may be broadly described as
information about the applicants organisation, personnel, facilities, and policies and
processes for conducting Part 142 activities.
The regulation states that an exposition must include an operations manual and other
manuals for describing systems such as a safety management system or internal training
and checking system. The other manuals may be included as part of the operations manual.
The exposition should accurately reflect how an applicant proposes to conduct Part 142
activities. Descriptions of procedures must be of sufficient depth and detail to enable
personnel to conduct activities in accordance with the operators exposition.
Each procedure should address:
what must be done
who should do it
when it must be done
where it must be done
how it must be done
record keeping
how the procedure is monitored.
Once authorisation under Part 142 is issued by CASA, an operator is obliged to conduct the
activities in accordance with the exposition.
Page | 3
Suggested exposition structure and content

This document offers a suggested structure for an exposition including parts, sections and
subsections. Irrespective of the location of requirements within Part 142, most related
subject matter is collated under relevant section headings.
An applicant is not obliged to develop an exposition in accordance with this suggested
structure. Other structures, more suitable to an applicants individual requirements, are
equally acceptable. Additional headings may be included if required, and headings not
relevant to an applicants proposed operation may be omitted.
The structure and content of an exposition should reflect the size and complexity of the
operators organisation, as well as the operators policies and practices. No single exposition
will be appropriate for all operators.
A sample exposition showing a structure and content applicable to a fictional operator
conducting type rating training in multi-crew aircraft is published as an adjunct to this
document. The sample exposition is designed to provide a practical example of what a
finished exposition might look like.
To ensure all applicable requirements of Part 142 have been addressed, an applicant may
consider developing a compliance matrix or checklist, cross referencing each regulatory
requirement to the exposition.
Supporting manuals and documents

CASR 142.340(1)(s)
An exposition must include an operations manual and other manuals for describing systems
such as a safety management system or internal training and checking system.
In practice, the policies and processes defining how an applicant proposes to conduct
Part 142 activities will be included in the operators manuals, rather than the exposition
document.
Each manual forms part of the exposition and is subject to the same requirements and
controls. Manuals may be included as appendices to the exposition.
Each manual should include:
a reference to the legal authority for the manual [CASR Part 142]
a statement of relationship to the exposition
a table of contents
a list of effective pages
a distribution list
an amendment record.
Personnel
Descriptions of who should perform a particular task or procedure should identify a position
title (such as safety manager) or if applicable, a description of the function (such as data
entry clerk).
Page | 4
Applying for a Part 142 authorisation

The authorisations required to conduct Part 142 activities are:
1. An air operators certificate (AOC) - for activities conducted in an aircraft or
2. A Part 142 certificate - for activities conducted in a flight simulation training device.
An application for a Part 142 authorisation must be made in writing to CASA, using the
application form available on CASAs website <www.casa.gov.au>. An application must be
accompanied by a copy of the applicants exposition.
When considering an application under Part 142, CASA will determine if the applicants
exposition complies with CASR 142.340 and whether the operator can conduct the proposed
Part 142 activities in accordance with its exposition and civil aviation legislation.
Operators should refer to the CASR for further information regarding the:
issue of an AOC [CASR 142.085]
conditions on an AOC [CASR 142.100]
issue of a Part 142 certificate [CASR 142.110]
conditions on a Part 142 certificate [CASR 142.120].
When CASA issues a Part 142 authorisation to an applicant it means CASA has approved
the applicants exposition.
Ongoing use of the exposition

An operator must ensure that the exposition is monitored and managed for continuous
improvement, ensuring the practices of the operator continue to be accurately described.
Page | 5
TABLE OF CONTENTS
List of Effective Pages........................................................................................................... 9
Amendment Record ............................................................................................................ 10
Distribution List ................................................................................................................... 11
Abbreviations, Acronyms and Definitions ............................................................................ 12
Definitions ........................................................................................................................... 12
PART 1 GENERAL .......................................................................................................... 13
1.1
Chief Executive Officers Statement ...................................................................... 13
1.2
Operator Safety Policy .......................................................................................... 13
1.3
Operator Information ............................................................................................. 13
1.3.1
Name and ABN .............................................................................................. 13
1.3.2
Address ......................................................................................................... 14
1.3.3
Contact Details .............................................................................................. 14
1.4
Authorised Part 142 Activities ............................................................................... 14
1.5
Other Operations .................................................................................................. 14
1.6
Exposition ............................................................................................................. 14
1.7
Organisational Structure ....................................................................................... 15
1.8
Corporate Structure .............................................................................................. 16
1.9
Key Personnel ...................................................................................................... 17
1.9.1
Chief Executive Officer .................................................................................. 20
1.9.2
Head of Operations ........................................................................................ 21
1.9.3
Safety Manager ............................................................................................. 22
1.9.4
Quality Assurance Manager ........................................................................... 25
1.9.5
Instructor Responsibilities .............................................................................. 27
1.9.6
Responsibilities of Staff other than Key Personnel ......................................... 27
PART 2 FACILITIES ........................................................................................................ 28

2.1
Aircraft .................................................................................................................. 28
2.1.1
Australian Registered Aircraft ........................................................................ 28
2.1.2
Foreign Registered Aircraft ............................................................................ 28
2.1.3
Turbine-engined Aircraft leasing arrangements........................................... 28
2.1.4
Turbine-engined Aircraft management, maintenance and continuing
airworthiness ................................................................................................................ 28
2.1.5
Flight Simulation Training Devices ................................................................. 29
2.1.6
Facilities......................................................................................................... 29
PART 3 SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES ........................................................................... 30

3.1
Part 142 Flight Training ......................................................................................... 30
3.1.1
Training Plans ................................................................................................ 31
3.1.2
Assessment Plans ......................................................................................... 33
Page | 6
3.1.3
Course Syllabuses ......................................................................................... 34
3.1.4
Course Outlines ............................................................................................. 35
3.1.5
Procedures When a Standard is Not Met ....................................................... 35
3.1.6
Supervision of Course Participants ................................................................ 36
3.1.7
Supervision of First Solo Flights ..................................................................... 36
3.1.8
Approval of Other Solo Flights ....................................................................... 37
3.1.9
Approval of Instructional Flights ..................................................................... 38
3.1.10
Supervision of Instructors............................................................................... 39
3.1.11
Flight Tests and Examinations ....................................................................... 39
3.1.12
Flight Training Records .................................................................................. 39
3.1.13
Standardisation and Supervision of Training Personnel ................................. 40
3.1.14
Flight Training Areas and Areas of Operation ................................................ 40
3.1.15
Low-flying Flight Training Areas ..................................................................... 41
3.1.16
Carriage of Passengers ................................................................................. 41
3.1.17
Checklists ...................................................................................................... 41
3.1.18
Integrated Training ......................................................................................... 41
3.2
Contracted Recurrent Training .............................................................................. 42
3.2.1
Procedures for Conducting and Managing Contracted Recurrent Training ..... 42
3.2.2
Conformance with Contracting Operators Procedures .................................. 43
3.2.3
Minimum Qualifications and Experience of Personnel.................................... 43
3.2.4
Assignment of Command Responsibility ........................................................ 44
3.2.5
Instructors authorisation under CASR Part 61............................................. 44
3.2.6
Competency of Instructors using Flight Simulation Training Devices ............. 44
3.2.7
Record Keeping ............................................................................................. 44
3.2.8
Transfer of Records ....................................................................................... 45
3.2.9
3.2.10
Training Areas ............................................................................................... 46
3.3
Contracted Checking ............................................................................................ 46
3.3.1
Procedures for Conducting and Managing Contracted Checking ................... 46
3.3.2
Conformance with Contracting Operators Procedures .................................. 47
3.3.3
Minimum Qualifications and Experience of Personnel.................................... 47
3.3.4
Assignment of Command Responsibility ........................................................ 47
3.3.5
Examiners authorisation under CASR Part 61 ............................................ 48
3.3.6
Competency of Examiners using Flight Simulation Training Devices ............. 48
3.3.7
Record Keeping ............................................................................................. 48
3.3.8
Transfer of Records ....................................................................................... 49
3.3.9
3.3.10
Training Areas ............................................................................................... 50
Page | 7
3.4
Operations Manual................................................................................................ 50
3.5
Internal Training and Checking System................................................................. 50
3.5.1
Organisation and Personnel........................................................................... 50
3.5.2
Internal Training ............................................................................................. 52
3.5.3
Internal Checking ........................................................................................... 58
3.6
Safety Management System ................................................................................. 62
3.7
Quality Assurance Management System .............................................................. 62
3.8
Change Management ........................................................................................... 63
3.8.1
Significant Changes ....................................................................................... 63
3.8.2
Changes that are Not Significant Changes .................................................... 64
3.8.3
Changes to the Part 142 Operator Exposition ................................................ 65
3.8.4
Direction by CASA to Change Exposition....................................................... 65
3.9
Fatigue Management ............................................................................................ 65
3.10
Dangerous Goods Manual .................................................................................... 65
3.11
Approvals under the Regulations .......................................................................... 66
3.12
Third Party Suppliers ............................................................................................ 66
PART 4 APPENDICES .................................................................................................... 67

4.1
Reference Library ................................................................................................. 67
4.2
Other Documents .................................................................................................. 67
Page | 8
List of Effective Pages

A list of effective pages should be provided if the exposition is published as a paper
document. Revisions to the list must be included with any amendments.
The version number and effective date should be included as a header or footer to each
page of an electronic document.
Part
Issue
Date
Pages
Page | 9
Amendment Record
The chief executive officer is responsible for ensuring the exposition is monitored and
managed for continuous improvement. Amendments to the exposition must be made in
accordance with the operators procedures for making changes, as described in the
exposition.
This section should record each amendment and indicate the current amendment status of
the exposition.
Amendment
No.
Date
Amendment Details
Amended by
Date
Incorporated
Page | 10
Distribution List
CASR 142.350 requires an exposition to be made available to an operators personnel,
before they begin carrying out their duties. Only those parts of the exposition relating to their
duties need to be made available to the individual.
If the exposition is published electronically, this section should set out how the electronic
version is made available to personnel in accordance with CASR 142.350.
Any part of the exposition published as a paper document should contain an auditable
record of distribution. A distribution list of paper documents may be included in this section.
Page | 11
Abbreviations, Acronyms and Definitions

In this section set out the meaning of any abbreviations, acronyms and unique terms used in
the exposition. For example:
ABN
Australian Business Number
AC
Advisory Circular
AOC
Air Operator's Certificate
ARN
Aviation Reference Number
CAAP
Civil Aviation Advisory Publication
CAO
Civil Aviation Order
CASA
Civil Aviation Safety Authority
CASR
Civil Aviation Safety Regulations (1998)
CAR
Civil Aviation Regulations (1988)
CEO
Chief Executive Officer
CPL
Commercial Pilot Licence
FRMS
Fatigue Risk Management Systems
FSTD
Flight Simulation Training Device
HF
Human Factors
HoO
Head of Operations
MOS
Manual of Standards
NTS
Non-Technical Skills
PPL
Private Pilot Licence
SMS
Safety Management Systems
Definitions
In this exposition the word procedure/s means details of:
what action is required to be accomplished
when the action is required to be conducted
who is responsible for carrying out the action
how the action is to be conducted
where the action is to be conducted (if applicable).
Page | 12
PART 1 GENERAL
1
1.1
Chief Executive Officers Statement
Although not required under Part 142, an introductory statement by the chief executive
officer may be included in an exposition. The statement may refer to:
the purpose and legal status of the exposition
other manuals
activities to be conducted in accordance with the exposition
continued authorisation depending on compliance with the exposition
amendment of the exposition requiring formal control.
1.2
Operator Safety Policy
While Part 142 does not call for an introductory statement of safety policy to be included in
an exposition, under CASR 142.265(2)(b) this must be included in an operators safety
management system.
The statement may be repeated at the beginning of the exposition, as a prominent
declaration by management of the operators commitment to and responsibility for safety.
Safety policy statements typically include:
the safety objectives of the organisation
the commitment of senior management to provide the resources necessary for

effective safety management, including the appointment of safety management
personnel
a statement about responsibility and accountability for safety at all levels of the
organisation
the explicit support of management for an open and fair culture, as part of the safety
culture of the organisation.
1.3
Operator Information
This section must detail the operators contact information, including the approved training
base locations where Part 142 activities are to be conducted.
1.3.1
Name and ABN
CASR 142.340(1)(a)
An exposition must include the applicants name, including any operating or trading name,
and ABN (if any).
if the applicant is a person include their full name and ARN (if any)
If the applicant is a corporation - include the corporate name, ABN and ARN (if any)
Page | 13
1.3.2
Address
CASR 142.340(1)(b)
Include the address of the applicants operational headquarters and the address for each of
the applicants training bases.
1.3.3
Contact Details
CASR 142.340(1)(a)
Include postal addresses, phone and fax numbers, and email addresses in this section of the
exposition.
1.4
Authorised Part 142 Activities
CASR 142.340(1)(j)
The exposition must include a detailed description of the Part 142 activities the applicant
proposes to conduct.
Example:
Part 142 flight training:

-
commercial pilot licence (aeroplane)
type rating Beech 1900D
multi-crew cooperation.
Contracted checking.
Once CASA is satisfied that an authorisation may be issued to an applicant, the authorised
activities will be listed on the AOC or certificate, as appropriate.
1.5
Other Operations
CASR 142.340(1)(q)
The exposition must include a description of any operations, other than Part 142 activities,
that the operator conducts or proposes to conduct.
For example, an applicant may hold authorisations under Part 141 or Part 135.
1.6
Exposition
Part 142 includes a number of provisions related to the maintenance and distribution of an
operators exposition.
Chief executive officer responsibilities
CASR 142.180(1)(f)
The chief executive officer of a Part 142 operator is responsible for ensuring an exposition is
monitored and managed for continuous improvement.
Page | 14
Distribution to personnel
CASR 142.350
An exposition must describe how an operator will ensure its personnel have access to the
parts of the exposition that are relevant to their duties. The description should address the
following:
how personnel receive the sections of the exposition related to their duties, prior to
carrying out the duties
how an operator will record the distribution of an exposition
how changes to an exposition are communicated to personnel (if changes are made
that may affect their duties)
how an operator will record the distribution of amendments to an exposition.
Changes to exposition
CASR 142.095
An applicants exposition is deemed to be approved if CASA issues an authorisation to the
applicant. Subsequent changes to an exposition must be notified to CASA.
changes defined under CASR 142.030 as significant changes must be approved by

CASA [CASR 142.145]
changes must be made in accordance with the operators exposition or penalties may
be imposed under CASR 142.150.
1.7
Organisational Structure
CASR 142.160 and 142.340(1)(c)

A Part 142 operator must maintain an organisational structure that effectively manages its
activities, taking into account the following:
the nature and complexity of the activities
the number and kinds of aircraft or flight simulation training devices used to conduct
the activities
the number and location of training bases used by the operator
the number of personnel
the number of course participants undertaking Part 142 flight training
the number of contracting operators and the number of their personnel for whom the
operator is conducting contracted recurrent training
the number of contracting operators and the number of their personnel for whom the
operator is conducting contracted checking.
Each applicant should determine the most appropriate structure for achieving functional
control of the Part 142 organisation, including the establishment of a sufficient number of
managers to ensure the required level of supervision of personnel.
Page | 15
The chain of command should support effective communication and reporting within the
organisation. For the chain of command to be effective, the delegation of responsibility and
accountability should rest with people who have the experience and qualifications relevant to
each management position.
The number of managerial positions should be appropriate to the size and scope of the
proposed operation. For organisations with multiple training bases, the structure must
ensure that the head of operations has effective control over personnel and participants at
each training base.
The structure must also ensure that the safety manager is independent and not subject to
undue influence [CASR 142.180(1)(c)(iii)].
Description and diagram
CASR 142.340(1)(c)
A description and diagram of the Part 142 organisational structure must be provided in the
exposition.
The description should contain sufficient detail to provide a clear understanding of how the
organisation is structured. Position titles for key personnel, managers, and instructors having
responsibility for particular training should be described.
The diagram should provide a clear representation of the structure. Management position
titles and formal reporting lines, including the formal reporting lines for each of the key
personnel, must be shown. Lines of communication may be indicated; for example, the line
of communication between the head of operations and the safety manager.
More than one diagram may be included if necessary to provide a comprehensive
understanding of the whole organisation. This may be required for large and complex
organisations with multiple departments and long reporting lines.
The diagram should correspond with the applicants description of the organisation and
provide an accurate visual representation of the structure.
1.8
Corporate Structure
CASR 142.340(1)(d)
If the operator is a corporation, the exposition must provide a description of the corporate
structure. This should include a high level description of the various departments, divisions
and company office holders that interact to conduct the business of the company.
The exposition should refer to the ownership of the company, stating whether the company
is privately or publicly owned or is a charity, trust, or government entity. Indicate if the
business is owned (wholly or in part) by another aviation entity, including if that entity is the
holder of another Part 142 authorisation or Part 141 certificate.
Page | 16
The degree of detail does not need to be exhaustive in a large corporation, however it
should be sufficient to provide an understanding of the corporation and sufficient for CASA to
assess whether:
the corporate structure is suitable for the activities
each officer is a fit and proper person to be an officer of the corporation that is issued
an AOC that authorises the conduct of the activities [CASR 142.085(1)(d)].
1.9
Key Personnel
CASR 142.D
Under this Subpart, all key personnel positions have regulated responsibilities.
Key personnel are defined as the people that hold or carry out the responsibilities of the
following positions:
Head of Operations
Safety Manager (for operators whose authorised Part 142 activities are conducted
only in aircraft or in both aircraft and flight simulation training devices)
Quality Assurance Manager (for operators who conduct their authorised Part 142
activities only in flight simulation training devices, and who do not operate aircraft as
part of these activities).
An applicant is not obliged to use these titles, however if different, the exposition should
identify which titles are equivalent to the regulatory titles.
Each of the operators key personnel positions must be filled at all times
[CASR 142.100(1)(c)], and an exposition must include the names of the individuals
occupying the key personnel positions [CASR 142.340(1)(e)].
Under Subpart 142.D, all key personnel positions have mandatory responsibilities. The
regulations relating to key personnel responsibilities do not involve offences, however
compliance with regulations relating to key personnel responsibilities are conditions on the
operators Part 142 authorisation. Failure to adhere to the conditions will jeopardise the
validity of the authorisation.
An exposition should describe a process for selection and appointment of people to key
personnel positions. Each operation of the process should be fully documented and
auditable, and include details of how qualifications and experience have been verified.
An operator may require the qualifications and experience for key personnel to exceed the
mandatory levels set by the regulations; depending on the size, scale and complexity of the
operation.
CASA may direct key personnel to have additional qualifications and experience
[CASR 142.215].
Page | 17
CASA must be satisfied that each of the applicants proposed key personnel are fit and
proper people in accordance with the following considerations:
the persons criminal record (if any) in Australia or a foreign country
bankruptcy (if any) in Australia or a foreign country
the persons history (if any) of serious behavioural problems
any evidence held by CASA that the person has contravened:

-
civil aviation legislation
another law relating to transport safety (including aviation) in Australia or a

foreign country.
the persons demonstrated attitude towards compliance with regulatory requirements

relating to transport safety (including aviation) in Australia or a foreign country
the record of compliance with regulatory requirements relating to transport safety

(including aviation) of any corporation in Australia or a foreign country in which the
person:
is or was an officer or partner (however described)
holds or held a position equivalent to any of the applicants key personnel.
the following records for any corporation in which the person is or was an officer, or
holds or held a position equivalent to any of the applicants key personnel, in
Australia or a foreign country:
-
the corporations criminal record (if any)
the corporations record of insolvency, bankruptcy, receivership or winding up

(if any)
the corporations record (if any) as a body subject to investigation or comment

by any statutory authority established to regulate the share dealings or
financial affairs of corporations.
any other matter relating to the fitness of the person to be an officer of a corporation
that holds an authorisation to conduct the specified Part 142 activities.
The applicants selection process for key personnel should also determine that appointed
persons are fit and proper persons for the position.
Temporary absence of key personnel
To minimise disruption due to the absence or inability of key personnel to carry out their
responsibilities, an applicant must authorise alternative personnel to carry out the
responsibilities [CASR 142.340(1)(e)(iv)].
The details of the selection process for each standby key personnel should be documented
and the authorised standby key person should satisfy the qualifications and experience
requirements for the position.
Additionally, an exposition must describe a process for safely managing the temporary
absence or inability of a key person to carry out their responsibilities
[CASR 142.340(1)(e)(v)].
The process should provide for safe transition to operations under the temporary position
holder. The exposition must describe how the responsibilities and accountabilities will be
managed, and how CASA will be notified, if required.
Page | 18
The exposition must include the full name of the person authorised to act on behalf of each
key person during any period of temporary absence. It should also include, for example,
details on how the standby arrangement will work and how employees are notified that the
standby person is acting in that capacity and when it ends.
If an operator becomes aware that key personnel cannot carry out, or are likely to be unable
to carry out the responsibilities of the key position, for a period of more than 35 days, the
operator must advise CASA within the following time periods after becoming aware of the
matter:
24 hours if there is not another person authorised to carry out the responsibilities
3 days if there is another person authorised to carry out the responsibilities.
Familiarisation training for key personnel

CASR 142.170
Familiarisation training for key personnel must be completed before they can begin to carry
out the responsibilities of the position. Each standby key position holder should also receive
familiarisation training for the key persons responsibilities and accountabilities, prior to
carrying out the responsibilities of the position.
The familiarisation training must cover the matters necessary to familiarise the person with
the responsibilities and accountabilities of the position. The training should also include the
following topics:
the company structure, governance and management
the legislative framework governing civil aviation
the scope of regulatory authorisation
the reporting requirements for key personnel and other management, and the duties
and responsibilities of all personnel
the applicants relevant policies
the applicants Part 142 systems
the safety management system, safety policy and safety culture
key risks and risk management strategies
familiarisation with the exposition, supporting manuals and documents, and the
processes and procedures they describe
The exposition should describe:
the content of the training
who will deliver the training
how a record of the satisfactory completion of training is made.
The training may be developed and delivered by the Part 142 internal training and checking
organisation. Refer to subsection 3.5.2.3 of this document for further information about this
training.
Page | 19
1.9.1
1.9.1.1
Appointee Name
Provide the full name of the person appointed as chief executive officer
[CASR 142.340(1)(e)(iii)].
The position of chief executive officer is required to be filled at all times
[CASR 142.100(1)(c)].
The positions of chief executive officer and safety manager must not be filled by the same
person without the prior approval of CASA [CASR 142.100(1)(f)].
1.9.1.2
Qualifications and Experience Requirements
An exposition must set out the qualifications and experience required by the operator for the
position. The qualifications and experience are in addition to those described under CASR
Subpart 142.D [CASR 142.340(1)(e)].
In accordance with CASR 142.175, the chief executive officer must have sufficient relevant
experience in organisational, operational, financial and people management of air operations
to enable the operator to conduct safe operations in accordance with its exposition and civil
aviation legislation.
The selection criteria, to be included in the exposition, should address regulatory
requirements as well as these matters:
an appropriate understanding of the responsibility for regulatory compliance
a demonstrated understanding of aviation legislation
an ability to exercise due care and diligence
a demonstrated ability to describe appropriate corporate and safety policy
an understanding of risk management and safety management.
Qualifications and experience for the chief executive officer, in addition to the requirements
of CASR 142.175, should be stated in this section, whether imposed by the operator itself or
by CASA [CASR 142.340(1)(e)].
CASA may direct a person nominated to be the chief executive officer to undertake an
assessment or interview with CASA, in order to demonstrate their suitability for the position.
A course of training may also be prescribed [CASR 142.215].
1.9.1.3
Responsibilities
The chief executive officer is responsible for implementing and overseeing the strategic
direction, policies and standards of governance of the operator. CASR 142.180 sets out the
responsibilities and accountabilities for which the chief executive officer is accountable to
CASA and the operator.
The chief executive officer may delegate duties to other personnel; however the chief
executive officer retains responsibility and accountability for the matters specified in CASR
142.180.
Page | 20
Additional responsibilities which may be imposed by the operator or by CASA must be

described in the exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(e)], noting additional responsibilities must not
conflict with the responsibilities prescribed under CASR 142.180.
While only additional responsibilities must be described, an operator may also list all of the
chief executive officers responsibilities for ease of reference.
Circumstances that may warrant additional responsibilities include the following:
the chief executive officer has job responsibilities that go beyond those described in
CASR 142.180
the chief executive officer may be distracted by additional responsibilities that would
not otherwise be visible to CASA
the chief executive officer has significant instructional or examining duties
the company also operates other businesses
the chief executive officer works part-time in the role
the chief executive officer fills other key person positions.
An applicant must provide a means for the chief executive officer to carry out each of the
responsibilities of the position. This may be achieved through comprehensive and
documented policies and processes, and by timely availability of finance and resources.
1.9.1.4
Standby Appointee
The full name of the standby chief executive officer must be included
[CASR 142.340(1)(e)(iv)].
1.9.2
Head of Operations
1.9.2.1
Appointee Name
Provide the full name of the person appointed as head of operations

[CASR 142.340(1)(e)(iii)].
The position of head of operations is required to be filled at all times [CASR 142.100(1)(c)].
The positions of head of operations and safety manager must not be filled by the same
person without prior CASA approval [CASR 142.100(1)(f)].
1.9.2.2
The head of operations must have the qualifications and experience relevant to the Part 142
activities undertaken [CASR 142.185].
If the prescribed qualifications and experience are not held, an application may be made to
CASA for an approval to be the head of operations [CASR 142.040].
The head of operations does not need to hold an air transport pilot licence if the proposed
activities are limited to single pilot operations (for example, integrated courses for the grant
of a private pilot licence or commercial pilot licence). In this situation a minimum of a
commercial pilot licence is suitable [CASR 142.185(3)].
Page | 21
Qualifications and experience in addition to the requirements of CASR 142.185 for the head
of operations should be stated in this section, whether imposed by the operator itself or
CASA [CASR 142.340(1)(e)].
CASA may direct a person nominated to be the head of operations to undertake an
assessment or interview with CASA in order to demonstrate their suitability for the position.
A course of training may also be prescribed [CASR 142.215].
1.9.2.3
Responsibilities
CASR 142.190
The head of operations has the overall responsibility for safely managing the activities
authorised under Part 142.
CASR 142.190 sets out the responsibilities for which the head of operations is accountable
to CASA and the operator.
The head of operations may delegate duties to other personnel; however the head of
operations retains responsibility and accountability for the matters specified in CASR
142.190.
Additional responsibilities which may be imposed by the operator or CASA must be
described in the exposition. While only additional responsibilities must be described, an
operator may list all of the responsibilities for ease of reference.
Additional responsibilities must not conflict with the responsibilities prescribed under the
regulations.
the head of operations has job responsibilities that go beyond those described in
CASR 142.190
the head of operations may be distracted by additional responsibilities that would not
otherwise be visible to CASA
the head of operations has significant instructional or examining duties
the head of operations fills other key person positions.
An applicant must provide a means for the head of operations to carry out each of the
documented policies and processes, and by timely availability of finance and resources.
1.9.2.4
Standby appointee
The full name of the standby head of operations must be included [CASR 142.340(1)(c)].
1.9.3
Safety Manager
A safety manager is required when Part 142 activities are conducted in:
aircraft only or
aircraft and flight simulation training devices.
Page | 22
1.9.3.1
Appointee Name
Provide the full name of the person appointed as safety manager [CASR 142.340(1)(e)(iii)].
The position of safety manager is required to be filled at all times [CASR 142.100(1)(c)].
The positions of chief executive officer and safety manager, or head of operations and safety
manager, must not be occupied by the same person except in an unforeseen circumstance
for no longer than 7 consecutive days [CASR 142.100(2)(a)] or if holding an approval under
CASR 142.040, the period mentioned in that approval [CASR 142.100(2)(b).
1.9.3.2
CASR 142.195
There are no mandatory qualifications specified for appointment as safety manager.
However, given the nature of the role, there are certain formal qualifications, experience and
attributes that are beneficial for a safety manager to possess.
Recommended formal qualifications are:
Lead Quality/Safety Auditor
Certificate IV in Training and Assessment.
Recommended courses completed are:
human factors and threat and error management
safety incident investigation training.
Areas where the safety manager may require formal training include:
integrating human factors into a safety management system
developing, implementing, operating and maintaining a safety management system.
Additionally, a safety manager needs to have (or be given the opportunity to develop)
knowledge of the following:
safety management principles and practices
human factors
written and verbal communication skills
interpersonal skills
computer literacy
instructional qualifications and experience, such as a Certificate IV in Training and

Assessment
familiarisation with the operators different fleets, training programs and locations of
training.
Page | 23
CASR 142.195 specifies the experience required by the safety manager as being:
(a) sufficient relevant safety management experience to capably lead, manage and
set standards to enable the operator to implement its safety management system in
accordance with its exposition
(b) a satisfactory record in the conduct and management of air operations, and
(c) sufficient safety and regulatory knowledge to enable the operator to conduct
authorised Part 142 activities safely and in accordance with its exposition and civil
Ideally the safety manager appointed to the position should have:
a broad operational knowledge of and experience within an aviation organisation
a sound knowledge of, and formal training in, safety management principles and
practices
a sound knowledge and understanding of human factors and non-technical skills
the ability to communicate at all levels within and outside of the organisation.
Any additional qualifications and experience that are above the requirements of CASR
142.195 for the safety manager position should be stated in this part of the exposition,
whether imposed by the operator itself or by CASA under CASR 142.215.
1.9.3.3
Responsibilities
CASR 142.200
The safety manager is responsible for providing guidance and direction on the planning,
implementation and operation of the organisations safety management system. If the
operator uses a Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS), the safety manager will also be
responsible for its maintenance and continuous improvement.
For an operator conducting activities in both aircraft and flight simulation training devices, the
safety manager is also responsible for the effective operation and management of the quality
assurance functions required by CASR 142.265(1)(c), within the safety management
system.
The safety manager should report directly to the chief executive officer, with communication
lines to senior management as appropriate. This allows the safety manager to be
independent from operational areas, with the authority to look across the company from a
safety perspective. As the chief executive officer is the person legally accountable for the
overall safety performance of the operation, it is appropriate that the safety manager report
directly to the chief executive officer.
described in the exposition. While only additional responsibilities must be described, an
operator may list all of the responsibilities for ease of reference.
Additional responsibilities must not conflict with the responsibilities prescribed under CASR
142.200.
Page | 24
the safety manager has job responsibilities that go beyond those described in
CASR 142.200
the safety manager may be distracted by additional responsibilities that would not
otherwise be visible to CASA
the safety manager has significant instructional or examining duties
the safety manager works part-time in the role
the safety manager fills other key person positions.
An applicant must provide a means for the safety manager to carry out each of the
documented policies and processes, and by the timely availability of finance and resources.
1.9.3.4
Standby Appointee
The full name of the standby safety manager must be included [CASR 142.165].
1.9.4
Quality Assurance Manager
An operator proposing to conduct authorised Part 142 activities in flight simulation training
devices only, must appoint a quality assurance manager as part of its key personnel. A
safety manager is not required [CASR 142.025].
1.9.4.1
Appointee Name
Provide the full name of the person appointed as quality assurance manager
[CASR 142.340(1)(e)(iii)].
The position of quality assurance manager is required to be filled at all times
[CASR 142.100(1)(c)].
The positions of chief executive officer and quality assurance manager, or head of
operations and quality assurance manager, must not be occupied by the same person
except in an unforeseen circumstance, and for no longer than 7 consecutive days
[CASR 142.120(2)(a)] or if holding an approval under CASR 142.040, the period mentioned
in that approval [CASR 142.120(2)(b).
1.9.4.2
Qualifications
There are no mandatory qualifications specified for appointment as quality assurance

manager.
CASR 142.205 specifies the experience required by the quality assurance manager as
being:
(a) sufficient relevant quality assurance management experience to capably lead,
manage and set standards to enable the operator to safely implement its quality
assurance management system in accordance with its exposition, and
Page | 25
(b) sufficient safety and regulatory knowledge to enable the operator to conduct
authorised Part 142 activities safely and in accordance with its exposition and civil
Ideally, the person appointed to the quality assurance manager position should have:
experience in managing quality within an ISO9001 organisation or equivalent
operational and training experience in flight simulation training devices
qualifications and experience in quality assurance and auditing, including Lead

Auditor training
a Certificate IV in Training and Assessment
regulatory compliance experience within an aviation organisation.
Any additional qualifications and experience that are above the requirements of CASR
142.205 for the quality assurance manager position should be stated here, whether imposed
by the operator itself or CASA under CASR 142.215.
1.9.4.3
Responsibilities
The quality assurance manager is responsible for managing the quality assurance
management system of the operator. CASR 142.210 sets out the responsibilities of the
quality assurance manager.
described in the exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(e)]. While only additional responsibilities must
be described, an operator may list all of the responsibilities for ease of reference.
Additional responsibilities must not conflict with the responsibilities prescribed under
CASR 142.210.
the quality assurance manager has job responsibilities that go beyond those
described in CASR 142.210
the quality assurance manager may be distracted by additional responsibilities that

would not otherwise be visible to CASA
the quality assurance manager has significant instructional or examining duties
the quality assurance manager works part-time in the role
the quality assurance manager fills other key person positions.
An applicant must provide a means for the quality assurance manager to carry out each of
the responsibilities of the position. This may be achieved through comprehensive and
documented policies and processes, and by the timely availability of finance and resources.
1.9.4.4
Standby Appointee
The full name of the standby quality assurance manager must be included
[CASR 142.340(1)(e)].
Page | 26
1.9.5
Instructor Responsibilities
For each instructor appointed by the head of operations to have responsibility for particular
authorised Part 142 flight training, include the following details in the exposition
[CASR 142.340(1)(g)]:
the instructors name
the position held
the duties and responsibilities of the position.
Requirements applicable to flight instructors and examiners are specified in CASR

Subpart 142.E.
1.9.6
Responsibilities of Staff other than Key Personnel
CASR 142.340(1)(i) requires an exposition to also include the responsibilities of the

operators personnel, other than key personnel.
For example, a position may be described in the exposition as responsible for a Part 142
flight training activity, and for making recommendations of people eligible to undertake flight
tests under CASR 61.235.
Page | 27
PART 2 FACILITIES
2
2.1
2.1.1
Aircraft
Australian Registered Aircraft
If during the course of conducting Part 142 activities in Australian registered aircraft, an
aircraft is flown outside Australian territory, or into or out of Australian territory, an exposition
must describe the kind of aircraft and its registration mark [CASR 142.340(1)(l)(i)].
2.1.2
Foreign Registered Aircraft
Include in this section the following details for each foreign registered aircraft (if any) to be
operated under Part 142 [CASR 142.340(1)(l)(ii)]:
the nationality and registration mark for the aircraft
the kind of aircraft.
Under CASR 142.395, the operation of foreign registered aircraft in Australian territory for
Part 142 activities is limited to a total of 90 days within any 12 month period, unless the
operator holds an approval under CASR 142.040.
2.1.3
Turbine-engined Aircraft leasing arrangements
Where a leasing agreement or other arrangement for the supply of turbine-engined aircraft is
entered into to conduct Part 142 activities, include the details of the lease or other
arrangements in the exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(l)(iii)].
Details should include:
whether the lease will be a wet or dry lease
who the registered operator of the aircraft will be
who will be responsible for aircraft maintenance and continuing airworthiness
whether the lease will require an approved minimum equipment list for the type of
aircraft leased
who has sole right to exercise operational control of the aircraft.
To aid the assessment of the application, a copy of the lease agreement may be supplied.
2.1.4
Turbine-engined Aircraft management, maintenance and continuing

airworthiness
If any Part 142 activities are conducted in turbine-engined aircraft, the exposition must
describe the way the aircraft is managed and maintained, and the way continuing
airworthiness of the aircraft is assured [CASR 142.340(1)(l)(iv)].
Page | 28
The description should indicate whether maintenance of the aircraft is required under an
approved system of maintenance (class A aircraft) or a maintenance schedule (class B
aircraft). If a maintenance schedule is applicable, the exposition should also indicate whether
the schedule is the manufacturers schedule or the CASA maintenance schedule for the
aircraft.
If the aircraft is used for Part 142 activities and is also authorised to operate under an AOC
for the conduct of commercial purposes under CAR 206(1)(c), the exposition should also
state that the aircraft is subject to the continuing airworthiness requirements of CASR
Part 42.
2.1.5
Flight Simulation Training Devices
CASR 142.340(1)(n)
If activities are conducted in flight simulation training devices, the exposition must include the
following:
a list and description of the devices used for the activities
each purpose mentioned in CASR Part 61 for which each device may be used
the procedures by which the operator ensures the qualification of flight simulation
training devices under CASR Part 60
the procedures by which the operator ensures the approval of synthetic trainers
under CAO 45.0
the procedures by which the operator ensures that any other device meets the
qualification standards [CASR 61.045] or is qualified by recognised National Aviation
Authority [CASR 61.040].
2.1.6
Facilities
An exposition must include a description of the facilities used for the activities
[CASR 142.340(1)(p)].
For example, describe the briefing and examination rooms, flight planning areas and the
relevant instructional aids and materials provided.
A reference in the exposition manuals to the relevant section may be sufficient.
Page | 29
PART 3 SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES

3
This part of the exposition describes the systems and processes for conducting and
managing activities under Part 142. Some systems are mandatory [CASR 142.340(1)(s)].
These include safety management systems or quality assurance management systems,
internal training and checking systems, and training management systems. The mandatory
systems must be described in dedicated manuals, such as a safety management system
manual or internal training and checking system manual.
Other systems and processes not specifically prescribed under Part 142 but essential to the
conduct of Part 142 activities must also be described. These include processes for
conducting and managing:
Part 142 flight training
contracted recurrent training
contracted checking.
The format for publishing these processes is not prescribed, and is at the discretion of the
operator. One option may be to include them in the following documents:
a Flight Training Manual to describe policies and processes for conducting and
managing Part 142 flight training (if applicable)
a Contracted Recurrent Training Manual to describe policies and processes for

conducting and managing contracted recurrent training (if applicable)
a Contracted Checking Manual to describe policies and processes for conducting and
managing contracted checking (if applicable).
3.1
Part 142 Flight Training
Under CASR 142.340(1)(k) an exposition must include a description of the procedures an

operator uses to conduct and manage training, including the supervision of instructors and
people participating in the training.
Training should be conducted and managed based on coordinated processes designed to
transform inputs into standardised training outcomes.
Effective training management should include processes for:
development of training and assessment plans, course outlines and syllabuses
production of joining instructions
managing training records
identifying and providing instructional and support personnel for completion of a

course
scheduling instructional staff and resources
instructional standardisation and supervision
identifying and providing the required facilities and equipment
managing examinations and tests
Page | 30
reviewing the performance of participants
managing flight training areas and low flying training areas
establishing and maintaining flight check systems for training operations
authorisation of pilot in command
supervision of student pilot solo flight
carriage of passengers
protocols for relationships and behaviour with course participants
graduation administration.
Each process is comprised of a series of procedures or actions that contribute to the desired
outcome. The procedures must be documented in an appropriate manual, and should
address:
what must be done
who should do it
when
where
how
which documentation must be used
monitoring the operation and output of the procedure.
3.1.1
Training Plans
A training plan records the outcomes from the process of planning a training course. A plan
must be prepared for each proposed course of training. For example, training courses for the
grant of different aircraft type ratings should be subject to individual training plans. Each plan
must be included in an exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(i)(A)].
Training plans outline a strategy for transferring skills, knowledge and behaviours to course
participants in a clear, logical and systematic manner.
A training plan provides details of:
what training will take place
what the competencies that need to be established are
what the objectives and expected outcomes are
who the course participants are
how training will be delivered
how it will be assessed
when the training will be conducted
a time frame for achieving competencies.
The successful completion of training will depend on the quality of the planning. A Part 142
operator should have the capability to develop courses and prepare training plans.
Page | 31
The process for developing a course should address:
personnel responsible for the planning
course development responsibilities
regulatory requirements for the qualification (e.g. Part 61 MOS)
participant demographics, prior learning and training needs analysis
identification of units and elements of competency
identification of standards
selection of course phases and objectives based on the appropriate grouping of

similar material
allocation of training lessons and periods to address the prescribed units and
elements of competency (the planned rate of delivery and course progression should
be set to accommodate learning by a person of average intelligence from the course
demographic)
modes of delivery and training techniques (e.g. individual, group, self-paced, aircraft
or flight simulation training device, lectures, guided group discussion, supervised
practice)
sequencing of theory and practical training periods to ensure the logical development
of knowledge and skills, and to ensure that the delivery of theory training is timed to
optimise flight training
provision for contingencies such as unexpected weather or operational restrictions
training material requirements
remedial training policy
planning validation.
As training for the grant of all Part 61 licences, ratings and endorsements is competency
based, each course must be designed in accordance with the units of the relevant
competency standard specified in Schedule 1 of the Part 61 MOS.
Course planning must consider the elements within each unit of competency. The elements
of knowledge for each qualification are described in Appendix 3 to the MOS, while elements
of competency (skill) are described in Appendix 2 to the MOS.
An operator should ensure that personnel appointed to develop courses and training plans
have appropriate expertise in flight instruction, course design and management.
The planning process should also consider the number of lessons required for the instruction
of each element. The duration of lessons related to knowledge training should be limited to
approximately 45 minutes. However, the duration of flight training periods is more variable
due to factors such as the type of training (e.g. ab initio or advanced training), the type of
operation or aircraft type.
Planning should also include a list of all lessons and periods in chronological order, to form a
program of instruction for the course.
The planning process should determine - and the training plan should describe - the
resources required for delivery of each course, including the minimum qualifications and
experience for instructional and examining personnel.
Page | 32
The facilities to be used for each training activity must be described in the exposition
[CASR 142.340(1)(p)]. As the specification of resources required to conduct a course are
determined during the planning process, the description of course facilities and equipment
may be included in the training plan.
The level of detail about the facilities should be sufficient to identify items that are essential
to the conduct of each course, and should include:
briefing rooms (air conditioned and free of noise distraction)
briefing aids
a flight preparation office with internet access
amenities
aircraft/simulators
operational publications.
Under CASR 142.265(8)(d) an operators safety management system (if required) must
include a process for regularly assessing the suitability of facilities and resources used to
conduct training.
A procurement process should ensure the timely acquisition of all facilities and equipment
needed to conduct each training course.
3.1.2
Assessment Plans
Competency based training must also include assessment of performance and competency.
Assessment is the process of reviewing evidence of the trainees performance against
standards, such as the Part 61 MOS. Standards are expressed as performance criteria and
knowledge standards for each unit and element of competency.
The plan should be based on obtaining evidence of competency in knowledge (from the
results of reviews and examinations) and evidence of competency in skills (from the
recorded observation of instructors and examiners).
Evidence should identify task skills, management skills, contingency skills and the ability to
apply skills and knowledge in new circumstances.
Each assessment plan should provide for continuous (formative) and periodic (summative)
assessment at predetermined milestones, such as phase or course completion.
Guidance must be provided to instructors and examiners to ensure that formative
assessments are made consistently, and evidence is valid.
Policies and procedures for summative assessments, including flight tests and examinations
of knowledge, must also be described.
Sufficient summative assessments of both skill and knowledge should be planned
throughout the course, particularly at the conclusion of course phases or stages, to verify
formative assessments. Evidence of meeting the required performance standards on
multiple occasions over the period of learning indicates competency has been achieved in
the element/unit.
Page | 33
Instructions and guidance must be provided to instructors and examiners to ensure correct
implementation of the assessment plan.
When relevant, an assessment plan must ensure a student pilot is assessed as competent
prior to conducting first time solo flights in the circuit, training area, cross country and at
night.
Pre-solo assessments must also include assessments of skills, knowledge and English
language proficiency standards.
As assessment planning is an integral part of the development of a training course, a
process for preparing assessment plans should be described.
The process for preparing assessment plans should address:
personnel responsible for preparation of the plan
plan development responsibilities
regulatory requirements for the qualification (e.g. CASR Part 61)
identification of standards: Part 61 MOS
formative assessment policy and practice
summative assessment policy and practice (including compliance with

CASR 142.385, in relation to assessment of competency for certain solo flights)
record keeping
planning validation.
3.1.3
Course Syllabuses
A detailed syllabus for each course of flight training or contracted recurrent training listed in
the application must be included in an exposition.
A syllabus may contain, but is not limited to:
the course description
the objectives and learning outcomes
a detailed program of the course, listing each lesson in chronological sequence
a summary of topics to be covered in a course
assessment details and standards to be met.
For each knowledge lesson, a syllabus should list the elements of knowledge as specified in
the training plan, together with related topics and specific content described in the
Part 61 MOS.
For each flight lesson a syllabus must list the elements of performance, together with related
performance criteria described in the Part 61 MOS.
Page | 34
An exposition should describe a process for the preparation of course syllabuses. The
description should include:
personnel responsible for preparation
responsibilities
regulatory requirements for the qualification (e.g. Part 61)
review of the training plan
allocation of specific content or performance criteria to each lesson identified in the

training plan
lesson plans for each period
validation.
Each flight training lesson should include time allocated for:
flight training briefings, including underpinning knowledge
private study periods for participant preparation
pre-flight briefing
the flight lesson
debriefing
administration.
3.1.4
Course Outlines
Under CASR 142.255, a course outline for each training course must be included in an
operators training management system.
A course outline may include:
an overview of the course
course objectives and outcomes
a course program indicating the sequence of theory and flight training, progress
assessments, examinations and tests
participant pre-requisites (e.g. minimum age, education or aptitude)
course commencement date
training delivery methods
assessment criteria and methods.
An exposition should include instructions for producing course outlines.
3.1.5
Procedures When a Standard is Not Met
An exposition must include a process to be followed when a standard is not met by a

participant during training [CASR 142.255(b)]. The process should ensure that evidence in
support of assessments is recorded, particularly when required competencies have not been
demonstrated. Recommendations for further training must also be documented.
Page | 35
An exposition should include a process for managing remedial training to address

deficiencies identified during assessments. The process should ensure further assessments
are only made when a re-training plan has been completed, and following recommendation
by a senior instructor. The re-training plan and records should be included in the participants
training file.
Provision should also be made for re-examination in accordance with knowledge deficiency
reports resulting from CASA aeronautical knowledge examinations. A means to control the
integrity of the re-examination process should be detailed in the exposition.
3.1.6
Supervision of Course Participants
Under CASR 142.340(1)(k), an exposition must include procedures for the supervision of
people participating in Part 142 activities.
The exposition must describe the duties and responsibilities of Part 142 personnel in
ensuring participants are supervised to an extent necessary to maintain safety.
Supervision of course participants is described under the following subsections of this
document:
subsection 3.1.7: Supervision of First Solo Flights
subsection 3.1.8: Approval of Other Solo Flights
subsection 3.1.9: Approval of Instructional Flights.
3.1.7
Supervision of First Solo Flights
CASR 142.385 and 142.386 make provisions relating to first time solo flights in the circuit,
training area, cross country or at night.
The provisions under CASR 142.385 are separated into requirements for student pilots
conducting solo flights for the first time in the circuit, training area, cross country or at night,
and into requirements for course participants conducting solo flights for the first time at night
but who are not student pilots.
The term student pilot means a person who does not hold a pilot licence and who is
authorised to pilot an aircraft under CASR 61.112.
CASR 142.386 makes further provisions relating to first time solo flights.
An operator must describe a means for complying with CASR 142.385 and 142.386,
including:
a statement of relevant management responsibilities and accountabilities
confirming the solo pilot has an ARN and holds and carries a class 1 or class 2
medical certificate or exemption
methods to verify completion of prescribed training for the solo flight (i.e. all elements
and units applicable to the first solo in the students achievement records are dated
and certified as competent by the flight instructor prior to the solo flight taking place)
standards and methods for assessing the student pilots competency to safely
conduct the solo flight
Page | 36
providing instructors and examiners with guidance and instruction to ensure valid
assessments are made and recorded
assessment and certification that the pilot is capable of conducting the solo flight
safely
ensuring the requirement for dual instrument time is met, if applicable
ensuring a student pilot meets the general English language proficiency standard, or
has completed an approved course of training in English language proficiency
instructions for approving solo flight
ensuring flights are only conducted under the VFR and in accordance with the
instructors approval
instructions for appropriately pre-flight briefing solo pilots
ensuring the pre-flight briefing includes terms and conditions of the approval of the
solo flight
provision for the solo pilot to acknowledge the terms and conditions of the approval
(e.g. by countersigning the document)
record keeping.
An operator must also provide a means for ensuring that a student pilot is appropriately
authorised to conduct the solo flight and is supervised by a Part 142 flight instructor.
An operator must also ensure that the following minimum standard of supervision,
prescribed by CASR 61.112(3), is met:
The instructor must provide guidance to the student pilot in relation to the flight.
During the flight, the instructor:

-
must be at the aerodrome of departure or flying within 15 nm of the departure

aerodrome
can be contacted during the flight by radio or other electronic means.
Provision should be made for a Part 142 flight instructor to monitor each solo flight.
For solo circuit operations, an operator should ensure that a competent instructor is
assigned to visually monitor circuit operations, and have two way radio communications with
circuit aircraft.
For training area and navigation solo flight operations, an instructor should be assigned to
monitor radio frequencies when possible, maintain a SAR watch and provide assistance if
necessary.
Supervising instructors should be capable of following flight, providing operational control
and rendering of assistance, if necessary.
3.1.8
Approval of Other Solo Flights
An operator must provide a means for ensuring that a pilot is appropriately authorised to
conduct subsequent solo flights and is supervised by a Part 142 flight instructor.
Page | 37
The process should ensure that, before giving approval for a solo flight, the responsible flight
instructor is satisfied that:
the solo pilot holds and carries a class 1 or 2 medical certificate or exemption
the solo pilot is medically fit to conduct the flight
the training objectives of the flight and the limitations on the conduct of the flight have
been provided orally (and preferably in writing) to the solo pilot, and recorded by the
instructor in designated parts of the flight training record
training records confirm the solo pilot has completed all training for the flight as
specified in the operators exposition
the pilot has been assessed and certified as competent by a flight instructor to
conduct the flight
recent experience requirements as prescribed by CASR 61.115 have been met
actual and forecast weather conditions are suitable
the aircraft is serviceable and fuel state is appropriate.
The approval of a solo flight, including terms and conditions, must be discussed with the solo
pilot during a pre-flight briefing and included in the training record by the responsible
instructor. Provision should be made for the solo pilot to acknowledge the terms and
conditions of the approval (e.g. by countersigning the document).
3.1.9
Approval of Instructional Flights
An operator must provide a means for ensuring dual instructional flights are appropriately
authorised and supervised by a Part 142 flight instructor.
Dual instructional flights conducted in accordance with a course syllabus or course program
may be deemed to have approval by virtue of a published daily flight training program. Some
activities such as helicopter touch down auto-rotations or low flying may require specific
approval.
An operators process for scheduling instructional flights must include a means for ensuring
that the pilot in command of an aircraft is authorised in accordance with CASR Part 61 to
undertake the scheduled activities [CASR 142.230(1)], and that simulator instructors and
examiners are assessed as competent prior to conducting Part 142 activities in a simulator
[CASR 142.240(1)].
Additionally, flight and simulator instructors are required to hold a valid standardisation and
proficiency check for the operator, before conducting training under Part 142
[CASR 142.320]. A check is valid for 12 months and may only be conducted by the head of
operations, or their delegate.
These regulatory requirements should be initially addressed during course planning;
however the ultimate responsibility for compliance must be met by the operators processes
for crew scheduling and flight authorisation/approval.
Policy for dual flights should provide that during dual flight time the flight instructor must be
the pilot in command and that during flight tests or checks, the flight examiner must be the
pilot in command.
Page | 38
3.1.10
Supervision of Instructors
The performance of instructional activities must be closely supervised to ensure the safety of
operations and quality of training [CASR 142.340(1)(k)]. An operators policy and procedures
for appointing supervisory personnel, as well as the scope and limitations of responsibility of
each supervisory position, should be described in an exposition.
The process should include formalising appointments through letters of appointment,
contracts or amendments to the exposition.
3.1.11
Flight Tests and Examinations
Under CASR 142.245 an operator must ensure that prior to recommending a flight test, the
recommending flight instructor has verified the course participant holds the prerequisites
applicable to the particular licence or rating. The prerequisites are specified in CASR 61.235.
The operator should also ensure that suitable facilities, records and resources are made
available to a flight examiner, prior to conducting a flight test.
3.1.12
Flight Training Records
Under CASR 142.355 a record must be made of a persons participation in a Part 142
activity, within 21 days of the activity being conducted. The record must include a description
and assessment of the persons performance during training, including any areas of
weakness. Instructors comments should be comprehensive and include enough information
to enable other instructors to efficiently continue the training.
An operator should record and certify when a participant has been assessed as achieving
competency in each element of the course. Records should also indicate end of phase
competence, and suitability for advancement to the next phase.
A training record should include:
student name/ARN
a performance record incorporating the lesson number, the units/elements to be

conducted during the lesson and a provision for the students assessment of
performance for each unit/element
briefings completed
remedial training
an achievement record with provision for comments, and certification by the instructor
of the students competency in the applicable units/elements
flight time
instructor/trainee sign-off.
An exposition must include a description of an auditable records management system, as

well as guidance to instructors and examiners for correct completion of training records.
Records may be in hard copy or electronic form and must be retained for at least seven
years [CASR 142.255(c)].
Templates of training and assessment forms should be included in an exposition.
Page | 39
If requested, an operator must provide a means for giving the person to whom the record
relates a copy of a flight training record, within seven days of completion of the record
[CASR 142.360(1)].
The operator must also have a means for giving a copy of a training record to another
Part 142 operator within seven days of a request. The record must not be released unless
the operator holds a written authorisation from the person to whom the record relates
[CASR 142.360(2)].
3.1.13
Standardisation and Supervision of Training Personnel
An operator must provide a means for ensuring that the pilot in command of an aircraft is
authorised in accordance with CASR Part 61, and that simulator instructors and examiners
are assessed as competent prior to conducting Part 142 activities in a simulator [CASR
142.230 and 142.240].
Flight and simulator instructors are required to hold a valid standardisation and proficiency
check for the operator, before conducting training under Part 142. A check is valid for 12
months and may only be completed by the head of operations or a delegate.
The scope of the checks should be sufficient to establish competence to perform any
assigned Part 142 instructional task according to the requirements published by the
operator. This may include specialist skills such as instruction in formation aerobatics or
helicopter winching.
Responsibility for training and checking flight and simulator instructors may be assigned to
the operators Part 142 internal training and checking system.
3.1.14
Flight Training Areas and Areas of Operation
Each flight training area or other area of operation used to conduct Part 142 activities must
be described in an exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(j) and 142.340(1)(l)].
The description should identify established areas or describe the lateral and vertical
boundaries, and the kind of flight training permitted in the area.
An operator should have a process for managing training areas, including the safe
establishment, promulgation and review of each flight training area. Information about flight
training areas must be disseminated to all relevant personnel.
When establishing a flight training area, an operator should consider:
the location and size of the area compared to the type of training and the maximum
number of aircraft planned to use the area
minimum utilisation of airspace over populous or sensitive areas.
Training areas should be depicted on a 1:100,000 or larger scale topographical map

prominently displayed in the training facility. Noise sensitive areas, obstacles (such as
towers and powerlines) and proximity to controlled airspace should be clearly marked.
The boundaries of a day VFR training area should be readily identifiable by prominent
landmarks, rather than distances from the departure aerodrome (such as DME arcs).
Page | 40
When a training area does not include the departure aerodrome, entry and exit paths to the
training area should be identified.
The management process should include procedures for a safety review of training areas at
unfamiliar locations, prior to conducting flight training (including contracted recurrent
training).
3.1.15
Low-flying Flight Training Areas
The following matters, in addition to the considerations mentioned in subsection 3.1.14 of

this document, are applicable to low flying training areas [CASR 142.340(1)(m)].
The exposition must document a process for managing low flying training areas. The
process should provide for the safe establishment, promulgation and review of each flight
training area. The review process must include regular aerial inspections of low flying areas
to monitor obstacles and hazards.
3.1.16
Carriage of Passengers
An operator must have a means to ensure that passengers are not carried during flight
training for abnormal operations or low flying flight training [CASR 142.370].
3.1.17
Checklists
Aircraft operating checklists applicable to training (such as pre-manoeuvre checks, circuit

training or instrument approach checklists), together with instructions for use, must be
described in the operations manual or exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(i)].
3.1.18
Integrated Training
CASR Part 61 provides reduced aeronautical experience requirements for the Private Pilot
Licence (PPL) and Commercial Pilot Licence (CPL) when training is integrated. If proposing
to conduct integrated training, an applicants exposition must describe how the applicant will
integrate the training to meet the requirements of CASR Part 61. The method of integration
should be evident within the training plan and detailed within the syllabus.
CASR Part 61 defines integrated training as meaning an intensive course completed within
a condensed period of time and designed so that the ground theory training is integrated
with practical flight training.
The applicant should demonstrate that theory and flight training will be conducted in
accordance with a syllabus meeting the standards specified in the Part 61 MOS.
The delivery of theory training should be timed to optimise flight training. An operator should
demonstrate that sufficient underpinning knowledge is provided to enable an understanding
by the student of what is happening in a flight lesson and why. A flight training lesson should
not commence until relevant underpinning knowledge has been provided.
When planning a course, an operator should consider dividing the course into logical
phases, separated by course milestones.
Page | 41
Examples of phases may be:
general flying phase
navigation phase
advanced navigation phase
instrument flight phase.
Examples of milestones may be:
navigation progress test or private pilot licence flight test
CPL examinations
check conducted prior to licence test.
An operator should include policy to protect the integrity of integrated courses, by controlling
extensions or interruptions to training. Significant breaks to training may require
recommencement or remedial training.
To maximise integration, the proposed courses should be conducted on a full time basis.
3.2
Contracted Recurrent Training
Contracted recurrent training is training, other than initial qualification training, given by a
Part 142 operator to the personnel of a contracting operator for the purpose of ensuring they
are competent to carry out their responsibilities. IFR refresher training is an example of
recurrent training.
Under Part 142, contracted recurrent training is not limited to multi-crew operation, and may
be conducted using the resources of the contracting operator or the resources of the Part
142 operator.
3.2.1
Procedures for Conducting and Managing Contracted Recurrent

Training
An exposition must include a description of the applicants processes for conducting and
managing contracted recurrent training [CASR 142.340(1)(j)&(k)]. In practice, the description
may be included in an operations manual or other manual included in an exposition, such as
a contracted recurrent training manual.
An applicant should address the following matters related to conducting and managing
contracted training:
provision for consultation with the contracting operator on the operational terms and
conditions applicable to the training
a process for developing agreements with contracting operators to ensure the scope,
requirements, conditions, limitations and responsibilities for the services to be
provided are clearly defined
agreement with the contracting operator on the standards of the training
if the training requires operation of the contracting operators aircraft, a process for
ensuring the contract also provides for the induction of Part 142 contracted personnel
into the organisation of the contracting operator
Page | 42
contracts to reflect any arrangements for Part 142 personnel to have recent flying
experience with the contracting operator (if required)
nomination of a person responsible for managing the training for each contracting
operator
management responsibility
protocols for liaison with the contracting operator
provision for instructor competency including minimum qualifications and experience,

recency and requalification
induction of instructors into the practices and procedures of the contracting operator
training and assessment plans, syllabuses and course outlines for each kind of
training, to be developed in consultation with the contracting operator (refer to
subsection 3.1 of this document for information about course planning)
command responsibility for flights in aircraft under the control of the contracting
operator
recording and reporting requirements, including reporting to the Part 142 operator
provision for safety reviews of training areas at unfamiliar locations, prior to the
conduct of contracted checking.
3.2.2
Conformance with Contracting Operators Procedures
An exposition must include procedures to ensure that a Part 142 operator will conduct
contracted training in accordance with the contracting operators training and checking
manual and standard operating procedures [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(iv)].
The procedures should ensure the following:
the timely acquisition of the contracting operators relevant publications such as the
training and checking manual, standard operating procedures and aircraft flight
manuals
a systematic analysis of the relevant manuals of the contracting operator to establish

requirements, procedures and practices relevant to the proposed training
changes to the contracting operators operational techniques are reliably captured by

the contractor
Part 142 instructors are trained in the practices and procedures of the contracting
operator
Part 142 instructors are aware of the requirements of the contracting operators SMS
(such as hazard/incident reporting)
a post training review, by Part 142 management, of records for conformance with the
contracting operators requirements.
3.2.3
Minimum Qualifications and Experience of Personnel
The minimum qualifications and experience for personnel conducting contracted training
must be included in the exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(ii)].
Page | 43
3.2.4
Assignment of Command Responsibility
An exposition must describe policy and procedures for assigning and defining command
responsibility during flights for contracted training [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(iii)]. Provision must
be made for agreement about command responsibility with prospective contracting
operators.
The name of the pilot in command of the aircraft and any command responsibilities in
addition to those required under civil aviation law should be recorded.
3.2.5
Instructors authorisation under CASR Part 61
An exposition must describe a means for ensuring that instructors are appropriately qualified
under CASR Part 61 for conducting contracted training in either aircraft or flight simulation
training devices (as applicable) [CASR 142.230]. An applicant should demonstrate that
compliance with CASR Part 61 requirements will be initially addressed during the planning
process, and finalised by the applicants process for crew scheduling and authorisation.
3.2.6
Competency of Instructors using Flight Simulation Training Devices
An exposition must describe a means for ensuring an instructor is assessed as competent to

conduct an activity in a flight simulation training device [CASR 142.240]. Assessments may
be conducted by the applicants internal training and checking system.
The process must ensure that instructors are not rostered for contracted training activities in
flight simulation training devices unless assessed as competent for the activity.
3.2.7
Record Keeping
An operator must provide for the auditable, secure and confidential record keeping of the
performance of each participant in contracted training [CASR 142.255(c) and 142.355].
Records must include a description and assessment of the persons performance, and
should be sufficiently comprehensive with enough information to enable assessment of
competence against relevant standards.
A training record should include the following information:
participants name/ARN
a performance record covering the activities conducted
briefings completed
an achievement record with provision for certification of competency and supporting

evidence
recommendations including remedial training (if any)
flight time/flight simulation training device time
instructor/participant sign-off
support pilots (if any) name and ARN.
If not using a contracting operators forms, the system should include templates of forms and
guidance for instructors to ensure the correct completion of records.
Page | 44
If using forms provided by the contracting operator, a Part 142 operator should include a
means to ensure each instructor is competent in using the forms.
An applicant must provide policy and instructions to ensure the following requirements for
record keeping are met:
a record must be made within 21 days after the contracted training activity, and a
copy of the record must be provided on request to the person to whom the record
relates
records of participation in Part 142 activities must be retained by the operator for a
period of at least 7 years.
An operator should provide a process of internal audit to check compliant operation of the
management system and to verify the accuracy and completeness of records.
3.2.8
Transfer of Records
An exposition must describe a process for providing a copy of a record of participation in

contracted training to another Part 142 operator when requested [ASR 142.360].
The process:
should only respond to authenticated written requests from an authorised

representative of the requesting operator
should provide for date-stamping of a request
must ensure the transfer of a record is subject to written authorisation from the
person to whom the record relates
should ensure the security and confidentiality of the records
should ensure the original records are retained
must ensure a copy is provided within seven days after receiving the request.
3.2.9
An exposition must describe a means to ensure that passengers are not carried in aircraft
when conducting the following operations under CASR 142.370:
simulated system failures affecting aircraft performance or handling
low flying activity.
If required to carry passengers during contracted training, an operator must have a means to
ensure that:
the Part 142 instructor will be qualified under CASR Part 61 to be pilot in command of
the aircraft while carrying passengers in accordance with CASR 142.375
the carriage of passengers during contracted training activities is managed

effectively, including clear guidance to personnel
management responsibilities are defined.
Page | 45
3.2.10
Training Areas
CASR 142.340(1)(l)(v)
An exposition must include:
a description of areas of operation for contracted training
procedures for a safety review of training areas at unfamiliar locations, prior to

conducting flight training.
3.3
Contracted Checking
Contracted checking is conducted by a Part 142 operator for a contracting operator who
enters into an agreement with a Part 142 operator.
Checking is the assessment of proficiency to ensure personnel are competent to carry out
their responsibilities.
Checking may be conducted to meet regulatory requirements or other requirements such as
those of a third party or client. When contracted checking is conducted to meet regulatory
requirements, the contracting operator retains responsibility for meeting the requirement.
3.3.1
Procedures for Conducting and Managing Contracted Checking
managing contracted checking activities [CASR 142.340(1)(k)]. In practice, the description
may be included in an operations manual or other manual included in an exposition, such as
a contracted checking manual.
An applicant should consider the need to address the following matters related to conducting
and managing contracted checking.
provision for consultation with the contracting operator on the operational terms and
conditions applicable to the checking
a process for developing agreements with contracting operators to ensure the scope,
requirements, conditions, limitations and responsibilities for the services to be
provided are clearly defined
the chief pilot/head of flying operations of the contracting operator to retain

responsibility for ensuring contracted checking meets regulatory requirements
if the checking requires operation of the contracting operators aircraft, a process for
ensuring the contract also provides for the induction of Part 142 contracted personnel
into the organisation of the contracting operator
contracts to reflect any arrangements for Part 142 personnel to have recent flying
experience (if required) with the contracting operator
provision for access to CASA approvals of the contracting operators tests and
checks
nomination of a person responsible for managing the checking for each contracting
operator
protocols for liaison with the contracting operator
Page | 46
provision for examiner competency including minimum qualifications and experience,

recency and requalification
induction of examiners into the practices and procedures of the contracting operator
agreement with the contracting operator for proficiency checking standards
assessment plans for each kind of checking to be developed in consultation with the
contracting operator, plans should describe how and when assessments will be
conducted and recorded (refer to subsection 3.1 of this document for information
about assessment planning)
command responsibility for flights in aircraft under the control of the contracting
operator
recording and reporting requirements, including reporting to the Part 142 operator
provision for safety reviews of training areas at unfamiliar locations, prior to the
conduct of contracted checking.
3.3.2
Conformance with Contracting Operators Procedures
An exposition must include procedures to ensure that a Part 142 operator will conduct
contracted checking in accordance with the contracting operators training and checking
manual and standard operating procedures [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(iv)].
The procedures should ensure:
a systematic analysis of the relevant manuals of the contracting operator to establish

requirements, procedures and practices relevant to the proposed checking
the contracting operators relevant publications (such as the training and checking
manual, standard operating procedures and aircraft flight manuals) are provided to
the Part 142 operator in a timely manner
changes to the contracting operators standard operational procedures and

operational techniques are reliably captured by the contractor
part 142 examiners are trained in the practices and procedures of the contracting
operator.
part 142 examiners are aware of the requirements of the contracting operators safety
management system (such as hazard and incident reporting)
a review of checking records by Part 142 management, for conformance with the
contracting operators requirements.
3.3.3
Minimum Qualifications and Experience of Personnel
The minimum qualifications and experience for personnel conducting contracted checking
must be included in the exposition [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(ii)].
3.3.4
Assignment of Command Responsibility
An exposition must describe policy and procedures for command responsibility during flights
for contracted checking [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(iii)]. Provision must be made for agreement
about command responsibility with prospective contracting operators.
The name of the pilot in command of the aircraft and any command responsibilities in
addition to those required under civil aviation law should be recorded.
Page | 47
3.3.5
Examiners authorisation under CASR Part 61
An exposition must describe a means for ensuring that examiners are appropriately qualified
under CASR Part 61 for conducting contracted checking in either aircraft or flight simulation
training devices, as applicable [CASR 142.230]. An applicant should demonstrate that
compliance with CASR Part 61 requirements will be initially addressed during the planning
process, and finalised by the applicants process for crew scheduling and authorisation.
3.3.6
Competency of Examiners using Flight Simulation Training Devices
An exposition must describe a means for ensuring that an examiner has been assessed as
competent to conduct the activity in the flight simulation training device [CASR 142.240].
Assessments may be conducted by the Part 142 internal training and checking system.
The process must ensure that examiners are not rostered for contracted checking activities
unless assessed as competent for the activity.
3.3.7
Record Keeping
An operator must provide for the auditable, secure and confidential record keeping of the
performance of each participant in contracted checking [CASR 142.255(c) and 142.355].
Records must include a description and assessment of the persons performance, and
should be sufficiently comprehensive with enough information to enable assessment of
competence against relevant standards.
A checking record should include the following information:
participants name/ARN
activities conducted
briefings completed
assessments and supporting evidence
recommendations including remedial training (if any)
flight time/flight simulation training device time
examiner/participant sign-off
support pilots (if any) name and ARN.
If not using a contracting operators forms, the system should include templates of forms and
guidance for examiners to ensure the correct completion of records.
If using forms provided by the contracting operator, a Part 142 operator should include a
means to ensure each examiner is competent in using the forms.
Page | 48
An applicant must provide policy and instructions to ensure the following requirements for
record keeping are met [CASR 142.355]:
a record must be made within 21 days after the contracted checking activity and a
copy of the record must be provided, on request, to the person to whom the record
relates
records of participation in Part 142 activities must be retained by the operator for a
period of at least seven years.
An operator should provide a process of internal audit to check compliant operation of the
management system and to verify the accuracy and completeness of records.
3.3.8
Transfer of Records
An exposition must describe a process for providing a copy of a record of participation in

contracted checking to another Part 142 operator, when requested [CASR 142.360].
The process:
should only respond to authenticated written requests from an authorised

representative of the requesting operator
should provide for date stamping of a request
must ensure the transfer of a record is subject to written authorisation from the
person to who the record relates
should ensure the security and confidentiality of the records
should ensure the original records are retained
must ensure a copy is provided within seven days after receiving the request.
3.3.9
An applicant must describe a means to ensure that passengers are not carried in aircraft
when conducting the following operations [CASR 142.370]:
simulated system failures affecting aircraft performance or handling
low flying activity.
If required to carry passengers during contracted checking under CASR 142.375, an

operator must have a means to ensure that:
the Part 142 examiner will be qualified under CASR Part 61 to be pilot in command of
the aircraft while carrying passengers
the carriage of passengers during contracted checking activities is managed

effectively
management responsibilities are defined.
Page | 49
3.3.10
Training Areas
CASR 142.340(1)(l)(v)
An exposition must include:
a description of areas of operation for contracted checking
procedures for a safety review of training areas at unfamiliar locations, prior to

conducting contracted flight training.
3.4
Operations Manual
A Part 142 exposition must include an operations manual [CASR 142.340(1)(s)]. The manual
may be either an inclusion, attachment or supplement to the exposition.
The manual must contain all necessary information, procedures and instructions to ensure
the regulatory compliance. Guidance in drafting an operations manual is provided in
CAAP 215: Guide to the Preparation of an Operations Manual.
3.5
Internal Training and Checking System
CASR 142.310 requires a Part 142 operator to have an internal training and checking
system. The system must be described in an internal training and checking system manual
that forms part of the operators exposition, either as an inclusion, attachment or
supplementary manual [CASR 142.340(1)(s)(vi)].
An exposition must describe a means of ensuring a copy of the manual will be provided to all
Part 142 personnel who have duties or responsibilities related to internal training and
checking [CASR 142.360]. The manual must be provided before the person first begins
carrying out those duties or responsibilities.
Part 142 does not specify the training and checking to be conducted under the internal
system. However, while the objectives and extent of internal training and checking are at the
discretion of the operator, there are several mandatory training and checking requirements
under CASR Parts 61 and 142 (e.g. instructor proficiency checks, human factors and nontechnical skills training) that may be performed by that part of the applicants organisation
responsible for the internal training and checking system.
An exposition must include a statement setting out the objectives, scope and depth of
training and checking, and include a description of the applicants processes for conducting
and managing internal training and checking [CASR 142.315].
A Part 142 internal training and checking system, or the appointment of training and
checking personnel, are not subject to approval by CASA.
3.5.1
Organisation and Personnel
An exposition should describe the structure and reporting requirements of the operators
internal training and checking organisation, as well as the duties, responsibilities and
accountabilities assigned to internal training and checking personnel.
Page | 50
A Part 142 operator is not required to establish a key personnel position for head of training
and checking, however a person responsible for managing and supervising the internal
training and checking organisation must be appointed. The minimum qualifications and
experience for appointment to the position, and the selection process, should be described.
An exposition must describe a method for establishing the minimum number of training and
checking positions [CASR 142.315(f)]. The method should account for known commitments
and include a margin for contingencies.
An exposition should also address the qualifications, training and standardisation
requirements of the operator for training and checking personnel [CASR 142.315(b)]. A
means must be described for ensuring personnel are authorised under CASR Part 61 to
conduct the training and checking activities to which they are assigned [CASR 142.230].
An operator must also provide a procedure to assure that all Part 142 personnel complete
the internal training and checking as described in the system manual [CASR 142.315(d)].
Training and standardisation of Part 142 personnel is discussed in subsection 3.5.2 of this
document (Internal Training).
If an operators personnel conduct activities under both CASR Parts 141 and 142, the
operator is obliged to satisfy flight crew competency requirements applicable to both Parts.
However, in most cases, a more stringent requirement applicable to one Part will satisfy a
less stringent requirement of the other. An exception may be the proficiency checks
applicable to single pilot and multi-crew ratings where both endorsements are exercised
under each Part by the same person.
3.5.1.1
Supervision of Personnel
An exposition must also detail policy for achieving effective supervision of personnel to
ensure the safety of training and the quality of activities [CASR 142.340(1)(k)].
As well as direct supervision, policy may include:
regular meetings to review current and planned internal training and checking
activities
standardisation meetings
management review of activity recording and reporting by personnel.
The policy and process for appointing supervisory personnel, as well as the scope and
limitations of responsibility of each supervisory position, should be described in the
exposition.
An exposition should specify the minimum qualifications and experience for appointment of a
person responsible for managing and supervising the training and checking organisation,
together with the selection process.
The process should include formalising appointments through letters of appointment,
contracts or amendments to the exposition.
The ratio of supervisors to instructors and examiners should be sufficiently small to enable
effective supervision at all times.
Page | 51
3.5.1.2
Safety Precautions
An exposition must include any restrictions, specifications or precautions applicable to

conducting internal training and checking [CASR 142.315(g)].
These may relate to aircraft system shutdowns, the simulation of emergency and abnormal
conditions, and limitations on weather and environment.
Examples might include the following.
instructors or examiners must not introduce simultaneous, multiple, unrelated

simulated emergency or abnormal situations during the flight
after a simulated failure in an aircraft, instructors or examiners must ensure the

aircraft is configured back to a normal operating mode before another simulated
failure may be introduced - except where the simulated failures are linked (e.g.
electrical failure leading to a loss of aircraft attitude information)
instructors or examiners must not trip circuit breakers as a way of introducing

systems or component failure, unless this is specifically permitted in the aircraft flight
manual
only emergency and abnormal systems failures listed in the aircraft Pilot Operating
Handbook, Quick Reference Handbook, Minimum Equipment List, Flight Crew
Operating Manual or however described, are to be simulated by an instructor or
examiner during training or checking
limitations and conditions for practicing touchdown autorotation landings in a

helicopter
instructors or examiners must ensure that the visual component of an instrument

approach, when flown in an aircraft in visual meteorological conditions, conforms to
the published circuit direction.
3.5.1.3
Completion of Internal Training and Checking
An exposition must describe a process to ensure that all Part 142 personnel - including all
instructors and examiners conducting internal training and checking - complete the internal
training and checking described in the manual [CASR 142.315(d)(ii)].
The process should ensure that personnel are not rostered for Part 142 activities unless all
training and checking requirements have been met.
3.5.1.4
Command Responsibility
An exposition must describe policy for command responsibility for each training and
checking activity [CASR 142.340(1)(j)(iii)]. Prudent policy should require that personnel
conducting internal training and checking, be authorised as pilot in command.
3.5.2
Internal Training
Under CASR 142.310, an exposition must describe how internal training and checking will
be conducted. As training and checking are mutually exclusive functions, each should be
addressed separately.
Page | 52
Although Part 142 does not specify the training to be conducted under the internal system,
an operator is obliged to provide the following training to company personnel:
human factors principles and non-technical skills
familiarisation training for key personnel.
Although not compelled to do so, an operator may assign responsibility for the training to the
internal training and checking organisation. If not, the exposition must make other provisions
for ensuring the completion of the mandatory training.
Other internal training not prescribed under Part 142 - but essential in ensuring personnel
are suitably qualified and competent - includes induction training and instructor/examiner
upgrade training.
An operators system for internal training should include coordinated processes designed to
contribute to the desired training outcome.
The system should include processes for:
development of training and assessment plans, course outlines and syllabuses and
course joining instructions
determining instructional and support personnel required for completion of a course
determining minimum qualifications and experience of instructional staff
scheduling instructional staff and resources
instructional standardisation and supervision
training records management
addressing unsatisfactory performance
determining and providing facilities and equipment
management of flight training areas and low flying training areas
flight check systems for training operations
command responsibilities
authorisation of pilot in command
carriage of passengers
student performance review
examinations and tests
relationship protocols with internal course participants
graduation administration.
managing internal training [CASR 142.315(a)].
Refer to section 3.1 of this document for information about planning, conducting and
managing training courses.
Page | 53
3.5.2.1
Induction Training
managing induction training [CASR 142.315(b)].
Induction training should be provided to all personnel before they commence duties under
Part 142. The training must be appropriate to the persons role in the Part 142 organisation,
and be sufficient to enable them to safely and effectively discharge their duties and
responsibilities. Planning should include an analysis of training requirements for each
inductee.
Planning for each course should be based on the guidelines described in section 3.1 of this
document.
The objectives of induction training may include:
company structure, governance, management and authorised activities
the safety management system or quality assurance management system
the change management system
introduction to human factors principles and non-technical skills
the internal training and checking system
the drug and alcohol management plan
the fatigue management system
the training management system
the administration system
employment conditions
section manager introduction and presentation
role task training including responsibilities and duties.
3.5.2.2
Human Factors and Non-technical Skills Training
An exposition must include a description of the operators program for training and assessing
personnel in human factors principles and non-technical skills [CASR 142.340(1)(h)]. Under
CASR 142.335, an instructor or examiner is required to meet the requirements of the training
program before conducting a Part 142 activity for the operator.
The primary objective of human factors (HF) training within a Part 142 organisation is to give
instructors and examiners an understanding of relevant HF hazards and how and why errors
(theirs and their students) may be committed during Part 142 activities. This HF knowledge
can then be used to develop non-technical skills (NTS) to minimise the potential for errors
and/or to limit any consequences.
HF training for a Part 142 organisation should not be something radically new. HF training
may initially appear to cover many safety principles and practices which are already
incorporated within operations; however these practices are often both informal and
inconsistent in application.
Page | 54
In describing and explaining the underlying HF principles for certain practices within an
organisation, HF&NTS training can ensure that Part 142 activities are carried out in a more
consistent and professional manner, ensuring aircraft are operated and students are trained
with a higher level of safety.
Course Design and Development
An operator should have a means for designing and developing a HF&NTS course. The
operator may choose to develop an internal training program or contract a third party training
provider.
If the organisation designs and develops their HF&NTS course internally, the development
process should ensure that personnel experienced or qualified in HF are involved in
developing the content of the course.
If training has been contracted to a third party training provider, the Part 142 organisation
should still ensure appropriately trained and competent staff are employed in relation to
HF&NTS course design and delivery.
The provision of training services in HF&NTS by a third party training provider may be
managed in line with SMS processes and procedures for third party interactions.
To ensure the HF&NTS training course is relevant and effective, the operators process for
design, review and revision of the course may use data from its SMS to identify training
needs. This data may include:
investigation processes
hazard identification processes
risk management processes.
If an operator has followed the guidance given in CAAP SMS 3 for designing and developing
their HF/NTS training course, they should have addressed those specific influences that will
be present in the flying training/checking environment.
Course Objectives
The objectives of the operators HF&NTS training program should include:
improved safety during Part 142 activities, through decreased organisational

exposure to risk, by:
-
improved [HF] hazard identification
reduced errors
increased capture and correction of errors committed.
The learning outcomes of the HF&NTS training should provide the course participant with:
knowledge of potential human factors influences and hazards
non-technical skills to reduce the potential for error, improve their ability to identify
hazards and to identify and correct their errors earlier
Page | 55
an ability to portray expected safety related behaviours associated with how the
organisation manages human performance and error, including:
-
influencing peoples attitudes away from simply accepting HF related

hazards and risks
influencing individual and organisational behaviour in response to HF hazards

and risks to consistently apply new or existing controls.
Course Structure and Content

Though not an exhaustive list the following are examples of specific areas of focus that may
be seen within a Part 142 HF&NTS course:
communication and anticipation of communication difficulties associated with

students and novice performance (e.g. heavy student workload and low level of
knowledge of jargon and standard aviation phraseology)
workload management and information processing, with a focus on the influence of

instructor workload (associated with teaching) on accurately and effectively
processing available information and maintaining awareness of potential internal and
external flight safety hazards
teamwork, with a focus on the difficulties of establishing coordination of actions and

associated positive team behaviours with students - especially during early lessons
decision making, including influences on decisions such as the pressure to allow

students to be exposed to learning opportunities while maintaining adequate safety
margins (e.g. when to assume control during approach to stall and stall recovery).
Delivery and Assessment of Training

The training delivery and assessment procedures for the HF&NTS course must be
documented in the organisations exposition.
The exposition should describe the rationale for selection of facilitators, including the
selection criteria for appointment. The quality of facilitation is crucial to ensuring the course
is effective in delivering real improvements in human performance and a reduction in the
number and consequence of errors within the operation. Suitable selection criteria may
include:
qualifications and/or experience in training delivery
experience in the aviation work environment
an appropriate level of knowledge in human factors, or an ability and means to

ensure an adequate level of understanding of the course material.
The delivery and assessment procedures should describe how the assessment and
evaluation processes will adequately identify achievement of the required attitude,
knowledge or skills development by personnel. Examples of methods include:
written exam for evaluating knowledge
interaction and facilitator assessment of personnels attitude to HF principles and

non-technical skills
observation for skill development.
Page | 56
The exposition should describe explicit procedural controls to ensure that no instructors or
examiners carry out part 142 activities before completing the organisations HF&NTS
training. Such a control may be ensuring that personnel complete the HF&NTS training as
part of their induction training, which is completed before commencement of duties. The
operator may also require the head of operations, as part of their responsibilities, to approve
the instructor and examiners completion of the training prior to them commencing Part 142
activities.
3.5.2.3
Familiarisation Training for Key Personnel
An exposition must describe an applicants process for ensuring familiarisation training is

provided to key personnel (including standby key personnel), prior to the appointee carrying
out the duties and responsibilities of the position [CASR 142.170]. The description must
include the processes for conducting and managing the training [CASR 142.315(b)].
Planning for each course should be based on the guidelines described in section 3.1 of this
document.
Objectives of the applicants familiarisation training may include:
company structure
governance policy
management reporting requirements
legislative framework governing civil aviation
regulatory authorisations
the regulatory responsibilities of the authorisation holder
the responsibilities and accountabilities of the position
the exposition and supporting manuals and documents
human factors principles and non-technical skills
the training management system
the internal training and checking system
the safety management system
the change management system
drug and alcohol management
the administration system
mentoring policy.
3.5.2.4
Upgrade Training
Internal training must also be provided to Part 142 instructors and examiners for progression
to new training and checking roles and tasks. For example, the duties of an examiner may
be upgraded from testing for the grant of a licence, to include testing for the grant of a rating.
All internal courses should be based on the competencies required to safely conduct
Part 142 activities. Planning for each course may be based on the guidelines described in
section 3.1 of this document.
Page | 57
An exposition or internal training and checking system manual must describe an applicants
process for conducting and managing upgrade training for instructors and examiners
[CASR 142.315(b)].
3.5.2.5
Remedial Training
An exposition must describe standardised techniques for remedial training of common faults
[CASR 142.315(h)(ii)]. The techniques should be disseminated during standardisation
meetings and included in instructor standardisation and proficiency checks.
3.5.2.6
Cyclic Training and Proficiency Program
An internal training and checking system manual must describe a cyclic training and
proficiency program, if proposed by the applicant [CASR 142.315(c)].
3.5.3
Internal Checking
Unlike the requirements of CAR 217, Part 142 is not prescriptive about what needs to be
checked and when. However, while not nominated by regulation, job competence should be
an obvious and natural objective for an internal training and checking system.
As Part 142 activities are conducted by flight instructors and examiners, the rating
proficiency check requirements of CASR Part 61 are a logical starting point for internal
checking, and provide a foundation for an internal checking system. Instrument rating
requalification through annual instrument proficiency checks may also form part of the
checking regime.
An operator may require the proficiency checks for instructor ratings and instrument ratings
to be conducted by the internal training and checking organisation, or by an external agency.
If conducted internally, the operator must ensure instructor proficiency checks are only
conducted by CASA, a flight examiner or an approved person, and that examiner proficiency
checks are only conducted by CASA or an approved person.
Additionally, instructors are subject to annual standardisation and proficiency checks under
Part 142. These checks may also form part of the checking regime, and must be sufficiently
rigorous to establish the instructors competence to perform any assigned instructional task
in accordance with the operators published requirements. This may include specialist skills
such as instruction in formation aerobatics or helicopter winching.
Standardisation and proficiency checks must be performed by the head of operations or a
delegate.
Examiners are not subject to mandatory checks of standardisation and proficiency, but may
be checked for standardisation and proficiency at the discretion of the operator.
Other than satisfying CASR Part 61 and Part 142 requirements, the content and frequency
of additional internal checking is discretionary. However, as the frequency of mandatory
checks under CASR Part 61 and Part 142 may not provide sufficient assurance of
competence on a continual basis, an operator may schedule additional checks.
Page | 58
If personnel will conduct activities under CASR Part 141 and Part 142, the operator must
demonstrate that the flight crew competency requirements of both Parts are satisfied. For
example, a standardisation and proficiency check applicable to a Part 142 instructor must
check competencies required to conduct Part 142 activities; a check conducted under CASR
Part 141 is unlikely to suffice. However, in some cases, a more stringent requirement
applicable to the competency of personnel under one CASR Part may satisfy a less stringent
requirement of the other (for example, an instrument proficiency check).
The following matters relating to internal checking should be documented in an operators
internal training and checking manual:
a policy statement setting out the objectives, scope, depth and methods of
competency checking
the minimum number and description of examiner positions
the qualifications and experience required of examining personnel
a process to ensure proficiency checks are devised to assess an instructors

competence to conduct assigned training - the elements and standards in the Part 61
MOS should be specified for each check
a requirement for each check to include an assessment of both knowledge and skill
the methods and procedures for assessment of competency
an assessment rating system - examiners should be provided with clear assessment

guidelines addressing both technical and non-technical skills; a guide may include a
word picture grading system and the competencies and standards to be assessed
should be listed in proforma applicable to each type of check
instructions to checking personnel for the conduct of each check
examiner standardisation
scheduling of checks
proforma templates for reporting performance
procedures when standards are not met - any assessment of not competent should
be followed by re-training, before further assessment is conducted
policy and procedures relating to checks not completed before a due date.
3.5.3.1
Instructor Standardisation and Proficiency Checks
Standardisation of training personnel is essential for maintaining safe and effective flight
instruction. Policy and process for standardisation should be described in the internal
training and checking system manual, and include:
procedures for setting and recording instructional standards
procedures for establishing and conducting a detailed program of standardisation to

ensure consistent instructional content and methods.
Standardisation of instructors should be verified through internal checking, which must

include the standardisation and proficiency check for instructors required under
CASR 142.320.
Page | 59
The scope of checking should be sufficient to establish competence to perform any assigned
Part 142 instructional task according to the operators published requirements.
The check should assess ability to deliver briefings and flight instruction. The instructor being
checked may be required to demonstrate a flight instructional period selected from a course
syllabus. The demonstration should include a flight lesson briefing, pre-flight briefing, flight
lesson and administrative requirements for the selected lesson. As well as checking
instructional competency, the check must also address standardisation of instructional
technique.
An exposition should describe a process to ensure records are kept of each standardisation
check. The records should include:
the specific objectives of each check
descriptions and assessments of performance
a pass or fail result.
Procedures should ensure that non-standard practices or knowledge deficiencies noted

during the check are debriefed, recorded and subject to remedial training as determined by
the head of operations or delegate.
If an operators personnel will conduct activities under CASR Part 141 and Part 142, the
operator must demonstrate that the flight crew competency requirements of both CASR
Parts are satisfied. For example, a standardisation and proficiency check applicable to a Part
142 instructor must check competencies required to conduct Part 142 activities; a check
conducted under CASR Part 141 is unlikely to suffice. However, in some cases, a more
stringent requirement applicable to the competency of personnel under one CASR Part may
satisfy a less stringent requirement of the other (for example, an instrument proficiency
check).
Validity
CASR 142.325 prescribes the requirements for a valid check. An applicants exposition must
describe a process for ensuring instructors hold valid standardisation and proficiency checks
for the operator, or successfully participate in an approved cyclic training and proficiency
program.
The process must ensure personnel are not rostered for authorised activities unless they
hold a valid check. The process should address:
frequency of checking (not less than prescribed under CASR 142.325)
scheduling of checks to ensure compliance with CASR 142.325
policy for determining that both the competency and standardisation content of
checks is relevant to the activity an instructor has been engaged to conduct
recording performance
remedial action.
The process must ensure standardisation and proficiency checks are only conducted by the
head of operations or a delegate.
Page | 60
Content
An exposition must include a process for managing the content of standardisation and
proficiency checks.
The process must ensure each check addresses the competencies an instructor needs to
conduct the activities they have been engaged to undertake, and must address instructional
standardisation and instructional proficiency [CASR 142.330].
An operator should describe a policy for instructional standardisation, with the objective of
ensuring instruction is consistent with standard operating policy and procedures. For
example, an operator may require standardised instructional sequences for demonstrating
the effects of aircraft controls, or teaching forced landing.
The procedures should ensure the minimum instructional standard includes an ability to
deliver briefings and flight instruction to at least the standards of the Part 61 MOS.
Checks should be based on demonstrations of representative lessons selected from
company syllabuses, and should include demonstrations of:
a flight lesson briefing (long briefing)
pre-flight briefing
flight/simulator lesson
administrative requirements for the selected lesson.
The process must ensure proficiency is assessed against the standards of the Part 61 MOS
for flight instructor ratings and endorsements.
Management of the content of standardisation and proficiency checks should include:
determination of knowledge and competency requirements for each instructor to

complete their duties
a means for selecting different cross sections of knowledge and competencies for
each check
procedures for designing the conduct of the check
procedures for preparing an assessment plan
scheduling the conduct of a check to ensure compliance with CASR 142.325(2), as it

relates to validity periods
recording and reporting procedures
a means for recommending remedial training.
An exposition must describe a process for ensuring the head of operations notifies CASA in
writing when a standardisation and proficiency check is not completed to the standard
described by the operator. The notification must be made within 14 days of the attempt and
include the instructors name, position and ARN.
Conduct
A check may only be carried out by the head of operations or a person authorised by the
head of operations. An exposition must describe a process for authorising people to conduct
Part 142 instructor standardisation and proficiency checks.
Page | 61
The process for authorising people to conduct checks should include:
selection criteria
training
a duty and responsibility statement
monitoring and review of performance.
3.5.3.2
Flight Simulation Training Device Competency
An applicant proposing to conduct activities in a flight simulation training device must

describe, in an exposition, a process for ensuring simulator instructors are competent to use
the device [CASR 142.315(j)].
The process may include training, but must include an assessment to determine
competency. Results of an assessment should be recorded.
A simulator instructor should not be assigned to conduct activities in a flight simulation
training device unless they are competent to perform the activity in the make and model of
device to be used.
3.6
Safety Management System
Reserved
3.7
Quality Assurance Management System
Operators conducting Part 142 activities in flight simulation training devices only must have a
quality assurance management system [CASR 142.270] to ensure:
authorised Part 142 activities are conducted in a planned and systematic manner
the operators training program achieves the learning objectives and required
competencies
deficiencies in training outcomes are identified and addressed
the correct operation and maintenance of the flight simulation training devices.
CASR 142.275 prescribes the minimum requirements for a quality assurance management
system.
An essential element of a quality assurance management system is independent auditing of
the operators training product and regulatory compliance. The system should include policy
and procedures for conducting audits.
An audit should always be conducted by personnel who are not responsible for the function
being audited.
Audit findings should be communicated to appropriate managers for remedial, corrective and
preventative action.
Page | 62
3.8
Change Management
Changes within an organisation may create the potential for adverse outcomes. Generally,
changes are made to meet business demands and organisations need the flexibility to meet
those requirements. However, while changes need to be made effectively and efficiently, the
main focus must be on implementing them safely.
CASR 142.340(1)(t) requires an applicant to include a description of a process for identifying
and making changes to their exposition.
The process must include how a change is assessed as either significant or not significant,
and how CASA will be advised of the changes. The process must also include an
assessment by the safety management system, of the risks associated with the change.
An exposition must include a means to ensure applicable changes are incorporated into it.
Considerations to be addressed include:
version control
archiving previous versions of the exposition
notifying personnel of the updates to the exposition.
An operator may nominate a person or a change management committee as responsible for

managing change. The people who are responsible for managing change must be
nominated in the exposition.
CASA may approve a change if it is satisfied that the operator can continue to meet the
conditions of issue for the AOC or certificate (as applicable).
The process for managing change should also consider how unexpected changes are
managed.
3.8.1
Significant Changes
Significant changes are defined in CASR 142.030 and require advice to, and approval by,
CASA in accordance with CASR 142.C. For example, a change to the operators
responsibilities for the head of operations must be identified as a significant change under
CASR 142.030(a)(vii).
CASA approval must be obtained prior to the significant change taking place. CASR 142.150
requires significant changes to be made in accordance with the process described in the
operators exposition. The exposition should describe:
how the changes are initiated and assessed
how applications to CASA for approval of changes are made
risk assessment and planning, including:

-
implementing change in an incremental manner to minimise potential adverse

effects (if necessary)
ensuring use of resources will not impact on operational safety
communication and consultation with all key stakeholders.
Page | 63
how the operator ensures that the change is fully incorporated
who within the operation is responsible for managing the changes
monitoring and reviewing the change.
Regulation 142.030(c) of the CASR, also defines a significant change as a change in relation
to the matters specified in that provision (mostly references to manuals), that does not
maintain or improve (or is not likely to) aviation safety. In addition to the above matters, the
exposition must describe a change process for those matters in regulation 142.030(c) and
describe the safety impact of a change, whether that change will reduce or improve safety,
how that assessment was made, what data or information was used in that assessment and
how it was documented.
For ease of reference, the full definition of significant change under CASR 142.030 should
be included in the exposition.
Applications for changes in appointments to key personnel positions must be made to CASA
for approval in accordance with the timeframe and procedures described below.
Where a person previously authorised by CASA to act on a temporary basis in a key
personnel position is to be appointed to the position permanently, the operator must apply to
CASA in writing for approval within seven days after the change is made.
In a situation where a change to the permanent appointment of any of the operators key
personnel positions is made, and the new appointee has not previously been authorised by
CASA to carry out the key personnel position, application for approval must be made in
writing to CASA within three days of the change being made.
3.8.2
Changes that are Not Significant Changes
Changes to the operation and exposition that are not significant changes may be made by
the Part 142 operator without prior approval by CASA.
In accordance with CASR 142.135, an operator must not make changes to the company
name (including any operating or trading name), address, headquarters or contact details
unless the exposition has been amended to reflect the change and written notice of the
change, together with a copy of the amended part of the exposition, is given to CASA prior to
the change taking place.
The exposition must set out the procedure that the operator will follow for making changes
that are not significant changes. In particular, the exposition must describe:
how the changes are initiated and assessed
risk assessment and planning, including:
implementing change in an incremental manner to minimise potential adverse

effects (if necessary)
ensuring use of resources will not impact on operational safety
communication and consultation with all key stakeholders.
how the operator ensures that the change is fully incorporated
Page | 64
how CASA is notified of the change
who within the operation is responsible for managing the changes
monitoring and reviewing the change.
3.8.3
Changes to the Part 142 Operator Exposition
As a controlled document, an exposition should include a list identifying page numbers and
dates of issue to indicate validity and currency of the contents. Each amendment should be
recorded in the amendment record and the list of effective pages must be updated.
All amendments or revisions must be issued to all personnel who are required to use the
exposition.
The exposition must set out the process by which proposed changes to the exposition are
made and include who is responsible for assessing the proposed change to determine
whether the change needs to be approved by CASA.
The exposition must also identify the individual who is responsible for incorporating the
change in the exposition (when approved) and who is responsible for the distribution of the
amendments.
3.8.4
Direction by CASA to Change Exposition
If considered necessary in the interests of safety, and in accordance with CASR 142.155,
CASA may direct changes be made to an operators exposition.
The exposition must describe a process for complying with a direction by CASA.
3.9
Fatigue Management
Under a revision to CAO 48 (introduced in April 2013), operators and flight crew must share
the responsibility for managing fatigue. The revision adopts a tiered approach to managing
fatigue, ranging from prescriptive requirements and a mix of prescriptive and managed
requirements, through to a fully developed fatigue risk management system.
The tiered structure will allow operators to choose how they manage fatigue in their
organisations based on their operating environment and needs.
The safety management system must ensure that all risks associated with fatigue are
addressed.
A fatigue management toolkit and links to other related resources, is available on the CASA
website at www.casa.gov/fatigue
3.10 Dangerous Goods Manual

Whether carried by a passenger or a member of the aircrafts crew, dangerous goods must
not be carried on an aircraft except in accordance with CASR Part 92: Consignment and
carriage of dangerous goods.
Page | 65
Carriage is subject to the aircraft operator having a compliant dangerous goods manual
[CASR 92.055]. Guidance on drafting a dangerous goods manual is included in AC 92-2 and
CAAP 215.
CASR Part 92 also makes requirements for periodic training about dangerous goods.
Although the requirement applies to a crew member of an aircraft, CASR 92.095(1) states
that an employee who is solely engaged in flying training operations is not subject to the
training requirement.
3.11 Approvals under the Regulations

CASR 142.340(1)(u) and 142.340(1)(v) require an exposition to describe any other matter to
be approved by CASA (such as an instrument of permission, exemption or approval, or a
legislative instrument issued by CASA under CASR 142.045).
Examples of matters to be approved by CASA are an authorisation under CAR 141 for low
flying training over a flight training area, or an approval under CASR 142.040 to be the head
of operations of the operator.
3.12 Third Party Suppliers

An exposition must include a description of any aeronautical or aviation related services to
be provided by third parties, such as the supply of fuel or aircraft performance data
[CASR 142.340(1)(r)].
If the supply relates to a flight simulation training device, a description of the management of
leases must be provided in the exposition as well as the relationship with, and
responsibilities of, the lessee (the applicant) and the owner (the supplier of the flight
simulation training device)..
Safety assurance of these goods and services will be carried out by the third party interface
element of the safety management system.
Page | 66
PART 4 APPENDICES
4
4.1
Reference Library
CASR 142.075 and 142.125 require a Part 142 operator to maintain a reference library. The
library must be readily available to all members of the operators personnel and must be kept
up to date. A record must be maintained of the distribution of all operational documents to
personnel.
The library must include the following documents:
all operational documents and material
the civil aviation legislation that is relevant to the operators authorised Part 142 flight
training
the parts of the AIP that are relevant to the training
documents that include information about the flight operations of each kind of aircraft
operated by the operator that is necessary to ensure the safe conduct of authorised
activities
documents that include information about the operation or maintenance of each kind
of flight simulation training device being operated
Other publications, information or data required for the reference library by the
operators exposition.
Under CASR 142.340(3), a Part 142 operator may include in its exposition a list of material
required for the operators reference library.
4.2
Other Documents
List manuals required under CASR 142.340(1)(s), such as the operations manual, training
management system manual or internal training and checking system manual, if the
manuals are to be appendices to the exposition.
Page | 67

Compliance CASR Part 142

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Compliance CASR Part 142

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CASR Part 142

Who does Part 142 apply to?

Part 142 flight training.

Contracted recurrent training.

a design feature endorsement

a flight activity endorsement.

7. Training that is given as part of a flight review that is conducted as a multi-crew

CASR Part 142 Guidance on preparing an Operator Exposition

that is required as mentioned in CASR 61.780, 61.835 or 61.1370, for a variant

that is not conducted by a training and checking organisation approved under

what must be done

when it must be done

where it must be done

how it must be done

how the procedure is monitored.

CASR Part 142 Guidance on preparing an Operator Exposition

Suggested exposition structure and content

Supporting manuals and documents

a statement of relationship to the exposition

a list of effective pages

CASR Part 142 Guidance on preparing an Operator Exposition

Applying for a Part 142 authorisation

issue of an AOC [CASR 142.085]

conditions on an AOC [CASR 142.100]

issue of a Part 142 certificate [CASR 142.110]

conditions on a Part 142 certificate [CASR 142.120].

Ongoing use of the exposition

CASR Part 142 Guidance on preparing an Operator Exposition

Chief Executive Officers Statement ...................................................................... 13

Operator Safety Policy .......................................................................................... 13

Operator Information ............................................................................................. 13

Name and ABN .............................................................................................. 13

Contact Details .............................................................................................. 14

Authorised Part 142 Activities ............................................................................... 14

Other Operations .................................................................................................. 14

Organisational Structure ....................................................................................... 15

Corporate Structure .............................................................................................. 16

Key Personnel ...................................................................................................... 17

Chief Executive Officer .................................................................................. 20

Head of Operations ........................................................................................ 21

Safety Manager ............................................................................................. 22

Quality Assurance Manager ........................................................................... 25

Instructor Responsibilities .............................................................................. 27

Responsibilities of Staff other than Key Personnel ......................................... 27

PART 2 FACILITIES ........................................................................................................ 28

Australian Registered Aircraft ........................................................................ 28

Foreign Registered Aircraft ............................................................................ 28

Turbine-engined Aircraft leasing arrangements........................................... 28

Flight Simulation Training Devices ................................................................. 29

PART 3 SYSTEMS AND PROCESSES ........................................................................... 30

Part 142 Flight Training ......................................................................................... 30

Training Plans ................................................................................................ 31

Assessment Plans ......................................................................................... 33

CASR Part 142 Guidance on preparing an Operator Exposition

Course Syllabuses ......................................................................................... 34

Course Outlines ............................................................................................. 35

Procedures When a Standard is Not Met ....................................................... 35

Supervision of Course Participants ................................................................ 36

Supervision of First Solo Flights ..................................................................... 36

Approval of Other Solo Flights ....................................................................... 37

Approval of Instructional Flights ..................................................................... 38

Flight Tests and Examinations ....................................................................... 39

Flight Training Records .................................................................................. 39

Standardisation and Supervision of Training Personnel ................................. 40