ELEC102P PART I: PROBLEM SHEET 4

Question 1
(i)

Derive an expression for the mutual inductance between two concentric circular loops
of radii a and b lying in the same plane if b >> a. State any approximations you make.
[The magnetic field at the centre of a circular loop of radius r carrying current I is B =
0I/2r.]

(ii)

If an ideal current source is connected to the outer loop and drives a current I = I0sint
around it, derive an expression for the emf induced in the inner loop. How does this
depend on frequency?

(iii) If the wire used to form the loops has resistivity and cross-sectional area derive an
expression for the current that is circulating in the inner loop. Which way is this current
circulating with respect to the current in the outer loop?
(iv) What would happen to the induced emf and the circulating current in the inner loop if
you increase the number of turns on the outer loop by a factor N?
(v)

What would happen to the induced emf and the circulating current if instead you
increase the number of turns on the inner loop by a factor N?

(vi) The circuit above is essentially a simple transformer, but you probably found its
behaviour differs from our analysis of transformers where the induced emf was the
same at all frequencies and depended on the turns ratio N2/N1. What is different about
the above circuit which is causing this difference?

Question 2
A transformer with 30 turns on the primary and 150 turns on the secondary is fed with a
sinusoidal signal of 15 Vp-p. The secondary is open circuit. What is the rms value of the
voltage measured at the secondary?

Question 3
A transformer is used to match an antenna with a characteristic impedance of 12.5 to an
amplifier stage with an input impedance of 50 . What turns ratio should the transformer
have?

Question 4
You want to use a transformer to efficiently couple an 8 speaker rated at 20 W to an audio
amplifier with an output impedance of 1 k
(i) What turns ratio should you use?
(ii) What would be the current and potential difference in the secondary if the speaker is
run at full power?
(iii) What would be the corresponding current and potential difference in the primary?

Question 5
Why do we step up the voltage to transmit power from power stations? Isnt the power
dissipated in the lines going to go up as V2/R where R is their resistance? Hint: try sketching
the complete transmission circuit from power station to home.

Question 6
In the circuit below:
(a) find the magnitudes of vs1 and vs2;
(b) find the average power delivered to the primary;
(c) find the magnitude of ip.

ip
120V
(peak)

50
turns

500

vs1

100
turns

1k

vs2

75
turns