Design of Cantilever Retaining Wall

Created by:

h5

Given:
f'c=
fy=
qa=

h1

h2

19

feet

2.5

feet

soil=
h1=
h2=
h3=
h4=
h5=
=
=
Surcharge=
Freeze depth=
Ca=
Cp=

h3

h4

3 ksi
60 ksi
4,000 psf
100
3
2
9
13
1
31
1
300
5
0.32
3.12

psf
feet
feet
feet
feet
feet
(friction coeff)
psf
feet (make sure you can meet this)

1.1 Estimate Footing length and stem position

a=

688 lb

H1=

7,398 lb

H2=
W=
X=
Lfooting=

2,065 lb
2,150
8.36 feet
12.55 feet

(distance from heel to face of stem)

1.2 Overturning Moment

Overturning Moment
MH1=
53,021

Moverturn=

75,216 ft lb

MH2=

22,195
Righting Moment
Force
Moment Arm

Moment

W 1=

4,687.5

* 6.3 ft

29,296.9 ft-lb

W 2=

712.5

* 2.8 ft

1,959.4 ft-lb

W 3=

2,850.0

* 3.5 ft

9,975.0 ft-lb

W 4=
Rv=

18,700.0
26,950.0

* 8.3 ft

=
MRighting =

154,275.0 ft-lb
195,506.3 ft-lb

Safety Factor against overturning

=
2.60 >2.0 => OKAY
Safety Factor against sliding
=
2.98 >1.5 => OKAY
*Assumes soils on both sides are the same

David Taylor
UMKC SCE
Senior Design

(friction coeff)

feet (make sure you can meet this)

2.1 Footing Soil Pressures

Rv=

26950 lb located @ x distance from the toe of footing

x=

4.46 ft
*Verify that it is in the middle third of footing

ftoe= -4004.85 psf

fheel= -307.15 psf

3 Stem Design
3.1 Design of stem for moment
Mu=
86.28 ft-k
=

*Using a load factor of 1.6 with forces

0.009 *
* Find the equilalent Mu/bd^2 from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"

MU

bd 2

482.6 psi
bd2= 2,383.80

*assume b= 12

h=
16.59 in
ROUND UP to next best number
h=
18 in
(d= 15.5 in)

Therefore,

MU

bd 2
=
As=

399.04

0.0073 *
* Find the equivalent from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"
1.358 in2

3.2 Minimum Vertical

(ACI 318 sect. 14.3)
3.3 Minimum Horiz. As=

=>

Use #8 @ 6"

(1.57 in^2)

0.0015 OKAY
0.45 in2

*Assume one third inside face and two-thirds are outside face.
USE #4 @ 7.5" outside face and #4 @ 15" inside face.
3.4 Checking Shear Stress in Stem
Vu= 12,163.76 lbs
Vc=

15,281.46 lbs

=> Therefore, OKAY Vc>Vu

4 Footing Design
4.1 Design of Heel
*The upward soil pressure is conservatively neglected, and a load factor of 1.2 is used for calculating the shear and
moment because soil and concrete make up the load. Assume d = footing depth - 3.5"

Vu=

24735 lb

Vc=

26126.366 lb

=> Therefore, OKAY Vc>Vu

Mu at the face of stem =

MU

bd 2
=

105124 ft-lb

166

[min=0.0033]
0.00333 *
* Find the equilalent from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"

Using ,
As=

1.06 in2/ft
=>
Use #9 @ 11"
d required calculated with ACI Equation 12-1 for #9 top bars with c=2.50 in. and K tr = 0 is 49 in. <
81 in. available.
Note: Temperature and shrinkage steel is normally considered unnecessary in the heel and toe.
However, #4 bars @ 18" in. O/C in the long direction are used to serve as spacers for the flexural
steel and to from mats out of the reinforcing.
4.2 Design of Toe
* For service loads, the soil pressures previously determined (in sect. 2.1) are multiplied by 1.6 by a load factor of 1.6
because they are primarily caused by lateral forces.

Vu=

1281.55

Mu at the face of stem =

MU

bd 2
=

5598.157 =

6880 lb

6801 ft-lb

285.2

[min=0.0033]
0.00512 *
* Find the equilalent from Table A.12 of Book "Design of Reinf. Concrete"

Using ,
As=

1.63 in2/ft
=>
Use #9 @ 6"
d required calculated with ACI Equation 12-1 for #9 top bars with c=2.50 in. and K tr = 0 is 38 in. <
48 in. available.

4.3 Selection of Dowels and Lengths of Vertical Stem Reinforcing

Distance from top of
stem (ft)
5
10
15
19

Mu (ft-lb)
2987.589
16218.34
46094.23
86281.57

Effective
stem d
(in.)
11.08
12.66
14.24
15.50

Mu/bd2
24.34
101.22
227.42
359.13

0.0033
0.0033
0.00388
0.00648

As req'd
(in2/ft)
0.44
0.50
0.66
1.21

Bars
needed
#8@ 18"
#8 @ 18"
#8 @ 12"
#8 @ 6"