Axle Counter Block working with Multiplexer:- two PET quads are Required

1/2 quad - multiplexer and A/C information from stn 'A' to stn 'B'
another 1/2quad for multiplexer & A/C information from stn 'B' to 'A'
a third 1/2 quad is used for the block bell and block telephone.
The multiplexer works on 24V DC - microprocessor based equipment

Operation: similar to push button type TLBI i.e. TGB & BPB pressed
The Receiving end SM if not want to receive a train he can do so by Normalizing the LCB key or
taking it out.
To cancel the LC already taken he has to take out the key and Press the Bell button.
To minimise the cable requirement a 4/2wire converter unit is used.
This is an extra card to be fitted in the EJB and works on 24V DC
This converts one of the axle counter track device channel frequencies to 3.5 KHz by a suitable
modulation process and

Since A & B outputs are at different frequencies by suitable modulation now it is possible to
transmit the outputs of 2 receiver coils to the evaluator through one pair of cable (1/2 quad) only.
The evaluators for each direction block working kept at receiving stn.
Multiplexer at Station-A would be combining
the status of six relays for Down direction which are to be repeated from Station A to Station B
in addition will also transmit read back information in respect of six relays transmitted from
station B to Station A in the Up direction.
The read back information is used by the transmitting end to make sure that the relays at the other
end are actually in agreement with the status of relays at the sending station.
Therefore, Multiplexer has a total capacity for handling 12 relays inputs.
The multiplexer works in TDM mode and converts the relays status into digital bits 1 & 0.
it transmits them through the cable after doing FSK modulation using two frequencies
1100/1300Hz for one direction & 1500/1700 Hz for other direction for denoting digital 0 and 1
The data is transmitted through the cable at the speed of 1200 BPS.
Since frequencies used for multiplexer are different from freq used for axle counters both
information from Stn -A to B can go on one pair of main telecom PET quad.
Similarly the multiplexer information & axle counter information from Station B to A can go on another
1/2 PET quad of the main telecom. cable.
One Start Bit
Six relays (A to F Relays ) information from Station A to Station
One Parity Bit
One Group Separation Bit
Six relays ( G to L) information for Station B to Station A
2nd Parity check Bit
Thus the data consisting of 16 bits converted into a telegram and then transmitted to other stn.
The multiplexer has a duplicated microprocessor by way of hard ware redundancy.
Each packet of information is transmitted three times and at the receiving end at least two
packets have to agree out of the three on both the duplicated hardware and then only it is acted
upon.
The microprocessor self checks routines to test the integrity of hardware once in 1/100th second.
Multiplexers transmission media can be main telecom. cable or microwave radio or optic fibre.
The maximum cable attenuation between Tx & Rx could be 20 db and works on 24V DC + 30 - 10% .

The current consumption is 4 amp.

The information multiplexed and sent from station A is demultiplexed by a similar microprocessor
based system at Station-B. Thus each multiplexer has got a transmitting and a receiving portion.

The multiplexer output and 4 wire/2 wire converter output are combined in a converter before being
transmitted from stn A to B, at stn B again split up, the 3.5 KHz and 5 KHz signals go to the 2 wire/4
wire converter equipment which in turn feeds the evaluator. Relay signals go to the de-multiplexer.
Whenever the ''press to talk'' is pressed, TELR picks up and this connects telephone circuits to the
same pair of the wires used for transmitting the bell code. Thus either the bell code transmission or
telephone transmission takes place on the same pair of the wire at a time.
Relays Used:
1. (D) ASTR 2. (R) ASTPR 3. (D)TGTR 4. (R)TGTPR 5. (R)TCFR
7. (R)AZTR 8. (D)AZTPR 9. (R)BCR
10. (D) BCPR 11. (D)ASDR
13. (R)TOLR 14. (D)TOLR 15. (R)AMR 16. (D) AMR 17. (R) ZR
19. BSMR
20. EVR
21. SUPR
22. AXPR
23. BPR

6. (D)TCFPR
12. (R)HSTR
18. ASMR
24. (D)ASSR

Relays Repeated form one station to other station:

1. (D)TGTR as (R)TGTPR
2. (D) ASTR as (R)ASTPR
BSMR
4. (R)TCFR as (D)TCFPR
5. (R)AZTR as (D)AZTPR

3. (D) A/c RST as (R)

6. (R)BCR as (D)BCPR.

1. (D) TGTR: picks up at sending stn when applied for line clear & proves
axle counter block section is clear as (D) AZTPR up
and the relays (D) AMR and (D) ASSR are up.
2. (R) TGTPR : (D) TGTR is repeated as (R) TGTPR at the receiving stn.
3. (D) ASSR: advanced starter stick relay which ensures
whenever a train occupies the ASTR circuit the ASSR will be down &
pick up when the ASDR is down. TCFPR is down, TGTR is down and (D)AMR is up, ASTPR up
and advanced starter lever normal.
(Just like LCPR dn, TOL made). This is to ensure one signal one train.
4. ASDR : Advanced starter controlling relay.
Lever reverse & TCFR up, TGTR up ( Line Clear obtained)
AZTR up ( Section is clear)
ASSR up, YR up, & ASTR up ( Controlling Track)
5.

(R) TCFR : Line Clear granting relay which picks up proving that the conditions for
clear are fulfilled at the receiving station namely
(R) TGTPR is picked up & Line Clear Blocking key is not taken out
home signal lever is normal and home signal controlling relays are down
axle counter is clear as read by (R) AZTR and the relay BCR is up.
(R) TCFR will drop when the axle counter section is occupied.

giving Line

6. (D) TCFPR: (R) TCFR is repeated as (D) TCFPR through the multiplexer.
7. (R) TOLR: picks up when A/C is occupied after proving (R) TCFR was up.
This relay drops as soon as (R)AZTR picks up.
8. (D)TOLR : picks up whenever axle counter is occupied as indicated by
(D) AZTPR down and ensuring (D) TCFPR is up.
(D) TOLR drops as soon as (D)AZTPR picks up.
9. (D) AMR: ensures when ASTR is occupied & ASTPR is down,
the instrument has gone to TOL
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 when the advanced starter track picks up again - AZTPR is down.

This is to ensure proper sequence, when a train goes beyond the LSS.

10. (R) AMR : This relay ensures that whenever advanced starter track circuit is down, the proper
sequence of train movement is followed
normally up and proves ASTR is up, AZTR dropped was picked up (from TOLR down) & Train just
arrived i.e. ZR up and
drops when ASTR at sending end is down after taking line clear.
This relay is used for resetting the axle counter unless (R)AMR picks up it will not be possible
to reset the axle counter.
This in turn ensures that resetting the axle counter is done only after concerned train has arrived
beyond the block overlap.
11. (R) ZR : picks up at the receiving station on arrival of the train beyond the block overlap point
provided
after proving that home signal lever is reversed and the concerned track circuits are occupied
ZR drops as soon as (R) BCR is up.
12. (R)BCR: Block Clearance Relay proves
after every line clear the home signal controlling relays are down and
the instrument has gone to TOL and
the axle counter is clear before the next line clear can be obtained.
normally up and drops as soon as the axle counter is occupied.
13. (R) AZTR: proves that
the axle counter section is clear as indicated by BPR up and
advanced starter track circuit and home signal track circuit is clear.
14. (D) AZTPR: (R)AZTR is repeated as (D) AZTPR.
15. (R)BPR : proves EVR & SUPR are up and ASMR & BSMR are down:
the contact of BPR in (R) AZTR circuit is bypassed by (R)TCFR and (R) AZTR front contacts so
that once line clear is taken, momentary dropping of SUPR will not drop (R) AZTR.
16. (R) ASMR :
picks up when (R) BPR is down, (R) BSMR is up and (R) AMR is up.
This relay is used for resetting of A/C with the co-operation from the sending station which in
turn is indicated by (R)BSMR picking up:
it also proves that the train has actually arrived beyond the home signal at the receiving
station.[ (R) AMR is up]
17. (R) BSMR: picks up at receiving station when sending station gives cooperation for resetting by
pressing the reset cooperation button.
18. (R)AXPR: is the actual resetting relay and proves that EVR is down, SUPR is down and (R)ASMR,
(R)BSMR are up and
also proves that home signal track circuit and advanced track circuit are clear.
Once AXPR picks up, the reset voltage goes to the A/C and reset (R)relay picks up inside the
A/C thereby setting the entire system.
AXPR drops when EVR and SUPR are up. Whenever AXPR is up the condenser is charged through BPR
down and AXPR up and condenser discharges when AXPR is down and EVR is up. SUPR is up through the
axle counter reset counter. This steps reset counter for every reset operation.
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ACHK : cooperation indication at the receiving station, (provided the train has arrived beyond the
block overlap at the receiving station).