LESSON PLAN

A
R
R
A
N
G
E
D
BY :

HAMIDATUN NISA

4133131023

MATHEMATIC AND NATURAL SCIENCE FACULTY

STATE UNIVERSITY OF MEDAN
2016

LESSON PLAN
A. IDENTITY
School

: Senior High School

Program

: Science

Subject Matter

: Chemistry

Topic

: Hydrocarbon

Grade/Semester

: XI/Odd Semester

Time Allocation

: 2 x 50 minutes

B. Core Competence (CC) :

CC 1

: Living and practice the teaching of their religion, and believe the
God thats the first and important.

CC

Appreciate

andpractice

thehonest

behavior,

discipline,

responsibility, caring (mutual aid, cooperation, tolerance,

peace), polite, responsive and proactive and showed an attitude
as part of the solution to the problems in interacting effectively
with the social and natural environment as well as in placing
themselves as a reflection of the people in the association world.
CC 3 : Understand, apply, analyze factual knowledge, conceptual,
procedural based on curiosity about science, technology, arts,
culture, and humanities within sight into humanity, nationality,
state, and civilization-related causes of the phenomenon and
assessment, as well as apply the procedural knowledge in the
field of study specific according to their talents and interests to
solve problems.

CC 4 :

Processing, reasoning, and serve in the realm of the concrete and

the abstract real massociated with the development of learned in
school independently, and is able to use the method according to
the rules of science.

C. Standard Competence :
Standard Competence From CC 1
1.1 Recognizing the regularity of the particle structure of matter as the
greatness of the Almighty God and the knowledge of the structure of
matter particles as the result of human creative thinking tentative truth.
Indicator :
Aware of and grateful for the gift of God Almighty in the form of natural
wealth,the

chemistry

can

be

used

in

every

day

life.

Standard Competence From CC 2

1.2. Shows the behavior of scientific (curious, disciplined, honest, objective,
open, able to distinguish between fact and opinion, tenacious, thorough,
responsible, critical, creative, innovative, democratic, communicative)
in designing and conducting experiments and discussions are realized in
attitude every day.
Indicators :
2.1.1 Having acuriosity in studying the characteristics of chemistry.
2.1.2 Exhibit a frank, critical, rigorous, and consistent in applying the
principles of the scientific method.
2.1.3 Have the internal motivation to understand the material and
classification.
2.2. Shows the behavior of cooperative, polite, tolerant, peace-loving and
caring environment and saving in the use of natural resources.
Indicator :

Care for the environment as well as saving in utilizing natural resources to

realize the role of chemistry in every day life.
Standard Competence From CC 3
3.1. Analyzing the structure and properties of hydrocarbon compounds
based on understanding the peculiarities of carbon and its compounds
classification.
Indicators :
3.1.1 Analyzing the structure of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes

based

understanding of the hydrocarbon reaction

3.1.2 Understanding the physical properties of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes
based on an understanding of hydrocarbon.
3.1.3 Knowing and understanding the classification hydrocarbons.
3.2. Understanding the process of formation and separation techniques
petroleum fractions and their role.
Indicators :
3.2.1 Explaining oil and its fractions
3.2.2 Explaining the quality of gas oline
3.2.3 Designing the experiment and determine the control variable and the
independent variable
3.2.4 Designing the experiment and determine the control variable and the
independent variable.
3.3 Designing the experiment and determining the control variable and the
independent variable.
Indicators :
3.3.1 Gather information on the environmental impact of burning
hydrocarbons, health and efforts to overcome them and seek
alternative fuels other than petroleum and natural gas.
Standard

Competence

From

CC

4.1. Process and analyze the structure and properties of hydrocarbon

compounds based on understanding the peculiarities of carbon and its
compounds classification.
Indicators :
4.1.1.Process and determining the general formula alkanes, alkenes and
alkynes formula based on analysis of its structure.
4.1.2 Analyze the reaction of hydrocarbon compounds
4.1.3 Discussing the IUPAC rules for naming compounds of alkanes,
alkenes and alkynes.
4.2 Presenting the results of an understanding of the formation and
separation techniques petroleum fractions and their role.
Indicators :
4.2.1 Process datain formation so as to prove the theory of oil and its
fractions
4.2.2 Analyzing the experimental data so that the information can be
summed up as well as presenting the results of the experiment
4.3 Presenting the results of the evaluation of the impact of the combustion
of hydrocarbon so the environment and health as well as efforts to
overcome them.
Indicators :
4.3.1 Discuss the impact of the combustion of hydrocarbons to the
environment and health, and how to overcome them.

D. LEARNING ACTIVITIES
1. Students

can

know

and

understand

the

classification

of

hydrocarbons.
2. Students can process and define the general formula alkanes, alkenes
and alkynes formula based on analysis of its structure.
3. Students analyze the structure of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes based
on understanding the reactions of hydrocarbons.

4. Students can understand the physical properties of alkanes, alkenes,

and alkynes based on understanding the reaction of hydrocarbons.
5. Students can analyze the reactions of hydrocarbons and discuss the
IUPAC rules for naming compounds of alkanes, alkenes and
alkynes.
6. Through observation, learners can explain and understanding of
petroleum and its usefulness.
7. Through discussion, students are able to communicate the results of
the group work

E. SUBJECT MATTER
1. Hydrocarbons (Identification atom C, H and O)
2. Peculiarities of carbon atoms
3. C atom of primary, secondary, tertiary, andquaternary.
4. The structure of alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes isomer
5. Physical properties of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes
6. The reaction of hydrocarbon compounds
7. Hydrocarbons in every day life

F. Categorization

and

Naming

Compound

Hydrocarbon
1. Categorization and Naming Compounds Hydrocarbons
C atoms that bind fellow H atom, can be linked to each other to form a carbon
chain. Hydrocarbon compounds can be classified based on the type of chain that
forms and types of bonds between C atoms that form chains may be straight chain,
branched straight chain, and the chainring (cyclic).

A
straight chain

B
straightchainbranched

C
chainclosed
ring

Bonds between the carbon atoms can be either a single bond, double
bond, and triple bond. Single bonds are called unsaturated bond, while the
double bond and triple bond are called unsaturated.
Group of hydrocarbon compounds having double bond and triple
bond respectively, each named alkene and alkyne.
Apart from the structure, we can know the type of hydrocarbons from the
molecular formula. Following general formula hydrocarbon molecules.
Compound Grouping

General Formula

Alkane

CnH2n+2

Alkene

CnH2n

Alkune

CnH2n-2

2. Method Naming Alkane Compounds

A. Nomenclature Compounds Straight chain alkanes

Alkane compound prefix names
Amount of atom C
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

First Nama
MetaEtaPropaButaPentaHeksaHeptaOktaNonaDeka-

The name of thelate, determined based on the type of bond. Here the
relationship between the type of bond and the last name of hydrocarbons.
Kind Bonding
Single bond
Double bond
Triple bond

Last Name
-ana
-ena
-una

Steps of naming a straight chain alkane compound :

1. Count the number of C atoms of its compound
2. Write the name of the start based on the number of his C atom, then
end with the suffixana.
3. If the amount is more than 3 C atoms, add n-front initial name
B. Nomenclature Compounds Alkanes Branched Chain
A branched carbon chain consisting of the parent chain and branchedchain. Parent chain is the longest chain of the branched chain while
the carbon chains attached to one or more C atoms in the parent chain.
A branched chain alkyl group, which is an alkane loses an atom.
Therefore, named akyl group similar to the naming of
alkanes.

-ana.

Branched chain attached to the chain alkanes amounted to more than

one. Following the naming of the compounds-such compounds.
1. Determine the parent chain and branch chain
2. Count the number of C atoms in the parent chain and branched
chain
3. Give the number on the parent chain to branched chain attached
to the C atom is the smallest.
4. Write the name of the parent chain based on the number of its C
atoms.
5. Write the name of the branch chain based on the number of C
atoms and structure
6. Write a branch number, followed bya dash (-), the combined
name of the branch chain and the parent chain
C. Alkane Nomenclature Chain Ring Compounds
If the ring-shaped structure of hydrocarbon compounds, starting with the
naming of cyclo word, and followed by the name of alkanes cyclo alkanes
according to the number of carbon atoms.
Amount atom C
Name

3
Siklopropane

4
Siklobutane

5
Siklopentane

6
Sikloheptane

3. Naming Compounds way Alkene

Alkene compounds are hydrocarbon compounds that have a double bond.
Step-stepequationsstraight-chain alkenecompounds :
1. Count the number of C atoms of its. Write the name of the start
based on the number of his C atom, then end with the suffix-ene
2. If the amount is more than 3C atoms, the carbon atoms are numbered so
that the smallest numberis located on the C atom bonded to the double
bond.

3. Naming compounds preceded by numbers first C atom bonded to the

double bond, followed bya dash (-) and the name of the parent chain.

If the alkene compounds having branched chain, then the naming rules
similar to the rules of naming branched alkanes compound. Steps Naming
branched alkene compounds.
a. Determine the parent chain and branch chain. Parent chain is the
longest chain of carbon atoms containing a double bond.
b. Count the number of C atoms in the parent chain and branched chain
c. Give the number on the parent chain based on the number of atoms
and Position C double bond on the atom C with the smallest number
that can be specified is also the position of branch chain attached to
the C atom chain of the parent.
d. Write the name of the parent chain based on the number of C atoms
and the position of double bonds are the smallest.
e. Write the name of the branch chain based on the number of C atoms
and structure
f. Write a branch number, followed by a dash (-), the combined name
of
1

the

branch

chain

and

the

parent

chain.

Method of Giving Alkune Named

Alkyne compound is a hydrocarbon compound having a triple bond. Step step of naming a straight chain alkyne compound
a

Calculate the amount of carbon atom

Write the first name based on the amount of carbon atom, and
then make the last name with-una.

If the the amount of carbon atom have more then 3, so gave

small number that bonding triple bonds. Making the name
Naming compounds preceded by numbers first C atom bonded
to the double bond, followed by a dash (-) and the name of the
parent chain.

If an alkyne compound having branched chain, also naming rules similar to

the rules named branched alkene compounds.
Steps - steps naming branched chain alkyne compound.

a. Determine the parent chain and branch chain. Parent chain is the
longest chain of carbon atoms containing a triple bond.
b. Count the number of C atoms in the parent chain and branched
chain
c. Give the number on the parent chain based on the number of
atoms and Position C double bond on the atom C with the
smallest number that can be specified is also the position of
branch chain attached to the C atom chain of the parent.
d. Write the name of the parent chain based on the number of C
atoms and the position of double bonds are the smallest.
e. Write the name of the branch chain based on the number of C
atoms and structure
f. Write a branch number, followed by a dash (-), the combined
name of the branch chain and the parent chain
Character and Isomer Compounds Hydrocarbon
1

Chemical Characteristic of Hydrocarbon Compound

The type of reaction can occur in the hydrocarbon compound is a

substitution reaction, an addition reaction, elimination reaction and
combustion reaction.
Kind of Reaction
Note
Substitution Reaction Reaction replacement of one atom by another atom
Addition Reaction
Reaction termination or double bond in molecules.
Elimination Reaction Decomposition reaction of a compound or double bond formation
Burning Reaction

reactions opposite of an addition reaction.

The reaction between a substance with oxygen. On hydrocarbons, the
combustion reaction will produce carbon dioxide and water.

Chemical properties of hydrocarbon compounds related to the type of bond.

Alkane compounds can undergo combustion reactions, substitution and
elimination. Alkene compounds can undergo combustion reaction and
addition. Alkyne compounds can undergo combustion reaction and addition.

Physical properties of Compound Hydrocarbons

a. Physical properties of Hydrocarbon Impacted Relative Molecular
Mass
The greater the value of Mr, the higher the boiling point alkane
compounds. Thus, it can be concluded that the boiling point is
influenced by Mr. in other words more many atomic number, the
higher the boiling point.
b. Physical properties of Hydrocarbon Impacted structure Form
The fewer number of branches of the chain, the higher the boiling
point alkane compounds. So it can be concluded that the boiling point
is influenced by the amount of branched-chain.
c. Relationship Between Being and Total Hydrocarbon compounds
Atom
Compounds of methane, ethane, propane and n-butane are gaseous at
room temperature. The compounds n-pentane to n-nonane liquid form.
Alkane compound that has more than 17 C atoms are solid .. It is not
just happening in alkanes, other hydrocarbon group (an alkene and
alkyne) also showed the same phenomenon.

A. Learning

Strategy

a.

Approach

b. Model

c. Method

B. Media
1.

:
:

Scientific

Description Learning and Inquiry Learning

: Question and answer, Discussion

and
Media

Learning
:

Resource
-

:
Laptop

- Slide Power Point

Video
Mollymod

- Student Worksheet
2.

Learning

Source

Sudarmo,Unggul.2014. Kimia untuk SMA XI. Jakarta: Erlangga

C. Learning Activities
ACTIVITY

DESCRIPTION

TIMING
10 minutes

a. Opening the learning by the prayer to God.

b. Teachers check attendance and readiness of students to learn.
ORIENTATION

c. Explaining about Hydrocarbon

d. Classification of Hydrocarbon Substances
e. Students are asked to observe a series of alkanes, alkenes, alkynes and
isomers given by the teacher. Students are asked to find the difference
between alkanes, alkenes, and alkyne.
a. With giving the series molymod ball and classified that apparatus

supported of hydrocarbon learned.

FORMULATE
PROBLEMS

The student divided into 3 group :

Group I :

30 minutes

GROUP II :

GROUP III :

And search the literature from the internet and other sourch that support
HYPOTESIS

Making the question about the molymod series that gived.

15 minutes

1. Looking and observe the molymod series with more color and the food that
combinated.
2. Learners observe a demonstration
3. Learners doing to do the other shape of molymood
Hydrocarbon are organic compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon
COLLECTING DATA
Colleting the information about the 5 minutes
molymood even though given.
GROUP I :
Is

the

molymod

figure

of

ALKANE
That have one single bond to

bonding the other atom as a

hydrogent.
Can

and

knowing

make

and

grouping all the shape in alakane

group.
GROUP II :
Is the molymod figure of ALKENE
That have one double bonds to
bonding the other atom as a
hydrogent.
Can

and

knowing

make

and

grouping all the shape in alakene

group.
GROUP III :
Is

the

molymod

figure

of

ALKUNE
That have one triple bonds to
bonding the other atom as a
hydrogent.
Can

and

knowing

make

and

grouping all the shape in alakune

group.

FORMULATION OF THE PROBLEM :

HYPOTESIS

What is a hydrocarbon.

Mention the distribution of hydrocarbon.

TEST
HYPOTESYS :
- Hydrocarbon are organic compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon
- The distribution of hydrocarbon are : alkane, alkene, alkune.

CONCLUTION

What is a hydrocarbon.

Mention the distribution of hydrocarbon.

- Hydrocarbon are organic compound consisting of hydrogen and carbon

- The distribution of hydrocarbon are : alkane, alkene, alkune.
- We can differenting by the bond of carbon atom.
And giving the other definition and knowledge about hydrocarbon
CLOSING

- Students pray.
- Students answer the closing greeting.

C. Learning Assesment
No
1
2
3

Aspect
Attitude/Affective
Cognitive
Skills/ Psychomotor

Agreed By,
Headmaster

Technic
Observation
Written Test
Observation

Instrument From
Observation Sheet
Essay Test
Observation Sheet

Medan, 5 Mei 2016

Prospective Chemistry Teacher

Hamidatun Nisa
NIP

id: 4133131023