SKU3013 : Chemistry 1

D20152072027

CHARLES LAW
Objective :
To study the effect of temperature to gas volume.
Introduction :
Charles Law involve the gas expands when heated while weight and pressure are constant. As the
temperature increases, the particle energy will be increased as a result of the increasing of
particle movement.
Volume
=constant
Temperature ( Kelvin, K )
If V1 and V2 is the different volume for the same gas when the weight is constant at temperature
T1 and T2, so :
V1 V2
=
T 1 T2
Apparatus :
Erlenmeyer flask equipped with rubber stopper, beaker, thermometer, retort stand, hot plate
Method :
1.
2.
3.
4.

The apparatus was set up as shown in the figure below.

Empty Erlenmeyer flask that equipped with rubber stopper is weighed.
Erlenmeyer flask is placed in a beaker that containing water.
Water in the beaker is boiled so the air in the flask has the similar temperature with water
boiling point ( 100 ).

5. The box is filled with water while the air in flask still hot.
6. The hole at the top of the rubber stopper is covered with finger tightly after the water reached
the boiling point and the flask is removed.
7. The flask is plunged pointing down in the box that filled with water.
8. The finger pressure is released with the flask under water with that position.
9. The flask is submerged for a while and the water outside is sucked into the flask.

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10. When the water levels inside and outside the flask is matched, the hole at the stopper is close
with finger pressure tightly.
11. The flask is removed from the box and is flipped upright.
12. The flask that equipped with rubber stopper and sucked water is weighed.
13. The flask (equipped rubber stopper + sucked water) then is filled with water until full and
then weighed again.

Data :
(a) Weight of equipped flask
(b) Weight of equipped flask + sucked water
(c) Weight of equipped flask + full water

=
=
=

123.6648 g
153.3443 g
306.922 g

Calculations :
(i) Weight of water in full flask (c - a)

306.922 123.6648
=
183.2572 g
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(ii) Weight of sucked water (b - a)

(iii)

Volume of sucked water (ii water density)

(iv)Volume of air at 100

(v) Volume of air in room temperature

=
=
=
=

153.3443 123.6648
29.6795 g
29.6795 g 1.00 g/mL
29.6795 mL

Volume of full water in flask

=
(i) water density
=
183.2572 1.00 g/mL
=
183.2572 mL
(iv) (iii)
=
183.2572 29.6795
=
153.5777 mL

Question and Answer (Q&A) :

2. Using Charles Law and the amount of gas volume at

100

determine the volume theory at the water temperature in sink.

from your experiment,

SKU3013 : Chemistry 1

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T1 = 100 + 273.15

T2 = 24 + 273.15

= 373.15 K
V1 = 183.2572 mL

= 297.15 K
V2 = ???

V1 V2
=
T 1 T2

V2
183.2572 mL
=
373.15 K
297.15 K

V 2=

183.2572mL
(297.15 K)
373.15 K

V2 = 145.93 mL

Discussions :
The purpose of this lab was to see the relationship of temperature and volume. Charles' Law is
a law which explains this correlation. It states that temperature and volume of a gas are
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proportional to each other, so when the absolute temperature increases, the volume increases. In
the lab, water was boiled until it reached 100C. Then, the flask was put in upside down in a box
cold water to measure the temperature in cooler water (24C). To keep the pressure constant, the
hole at the stopper is close with finger pressure again when the water level inside the flask was
the same as outside. Then, the volume of the sucked water was calculated (29.6795 mL). Lastly,
the total volume of water in the flask was figured by using Charles' Law, which is :
V1 V2
=
T 1 T2

Few errors may be occurred during this experiment. First, some water and pressure was
probably lost during the transition from boiling to cool water. Also, the timing was not perfect
because no clock was used. As for the steps being taken, the attempt to keep the water level same
with the water inside the flask was not very hard, but closing the hole at the stopper with finger
pressure gave a challenge. The box was a bit too small for a hand to go underneath and close the
hole at the stopper, so the flask had to be lifted a bit, and the pressure changed slightly.
Conclusion :
From this experiment, we can conclude that in Charles Law the temperature and volume of a gas
are directly proportional to each other, so when the temperature increases, the volume increases.
Reference :
1. Brown, T. L. (2014). Chemistry : The Central Science (3rd ed.). Pearson Australia Group Pty
Ltd.
2.

SKU3013 Chemistry I, Laboratory Manual.