FACULTY OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT (FBE)

DEPARTMENT OF BUILDING SURVEYING

BSEB1170 BUILDING DESIGN COMMUNICATION

TOPIC: SITE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

NAME

: NG BEE XIN

MATRIX NUMBER

: BEB140012

LECTURERS NAME : DR. SR NORHAYATI BINTI MAHYUDDIN

DR. SR NOR HANIZA BINTI ISHAK
DR. SR FARID WAJDI BIN AKASHAH

SEMESTER

: 02

SESSION

: 2014/2015

TITLE

: FINAL TASK

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my deepest appreciation here to all those who provided
me with possibilities to complete this assignment report. First and the foremost, I
would like to acknowledge with much appreciation to my Building Design
Communication lecturers, Dr. Sr NorHayati Binti Mahyuddin, Dr. Sr Nor Haniza
Binti Ishak and Dr. Sr Farid Wadji Akashah for the valuable guidance and advices.
They inspired me greatly and patiently to work in this report and willingness to
motivate me. Without the knowledge and assistance, this case study would not have
been successful. I also would like to thank to them for give me timely suggestions
when I have lost idea with my sport club design. Furthermore, sincere thanks goes to
my group members during do the SWOT analysis. Thanks for everyones cooperation
and hard effort which strengthened our consistency and made the complicated
procedure much easier and enjoyable. Last but not least, an honourable mention goes
to my family for their understandings and supports on me in completing this case
study.

ABSTRACT

This proposal reveals the suggestion to build a sport club for the students and
also outsiders at University of Malaya. In this assignment, we are given a site which is
located next to the Varsity Lake and also near to the main road. There are some factors
which need to be taken in account before start to design a new sport club.
First at all, the purpose and function of the building need to be determined. We
need to concern on the major functions of a sport club and also its advantages for
University of Malaya itself or the occupants including students and staffs. Next,
appearance of a building also important to be included since the site is located near to
the main road and main entrance (KL gate). Other than that, we also need to consider
the amount of occupants can be accommodated and also types of activities that can be
held in the sport club.
Furthermore, the site location and site condition are the most significant
criteria for designing a building. We need to do the SWOT analysis on the site, to get
know well the site condition. For designing a building, we are need to include some
factors that may affect the design and structure of the buildings, for example
orientation of the building, climate change, topography, vegetation, landscape, natural
ventilation and so on. Hence, site analysis is needed before design a building, to make
sure that the design of the building is depend on the site conditions and safe for use.
Before coming out with a floor plan of the sport club, bubble diagram or
spatial plan is needed to be decided. Bubble diagram is very useful for people to
decide the location of different rooms and also relationships between spaces. List of
spaces also need to be considered in this very first stage which consist of four types of
spaces such as private, semi private, semi-public and public. Bubble diagram and list
of spaces is the first stage for designing a building.

The proposed sport club is also designed based on the legislations and
regulations in Malaysia, especially Uniform Building By-Laws 1984, to ensure the
safety of the occupants and fulfil the requirement of a building. In this proposal. The
design development for the sport club is shown and the final output is explained in
form of details. Besides that, the submission drawing plans for the sport club are
attached to give a clearer imagination on the proposed sport club.

1.0 INTRODUCTION
The proposal aims to design and build a sport club with floor area 400 metres square
at the propose site, which named Varsity Sport Club. The new design is done based on
the requirements of legislations and regulations, knowledge of subjects that I learnt
before, such as Material and Construction Technology, Environmental Physics,
Building Law and also Mechanical and Electrical Services. The sketch plans are
prepared and attached with the required documents.

1.1 OBJECTIVE
1 To perform site analysis to document site specific characteristics as part of essential
process for a design.
2 To draw a submission plan to propose a new university sports and recreation club,
making sure that the relevant building control legislation is met.
3 To identify the type and purpose of the building which are going to build.
4 To apply the Malaysia Acts in the stage of designing of a building.
5 To apply the knowledge of the other subjects (Material and Construction Technology
& Mechanical and Electrical Services)in the design

1.2 SCOPE OF STUDY

This proposal includes the following:
i.

List of spaces required: Mini gymnasium

Multipurpose room for sport activities
Lounge space
Changing rooms
Caf
Storage room
Office space

 Meeting room
SWOT analysis on the proposed sport club, which included the strength and weakness

ii.

of the site and the building, and their opportunities and threats
1.3 LEGISLATIONS
The proposal of build a sport club in University of Malaya is always based on the following
regulations and guidelines:
I.
II.
III.
IV.

Uniform Building By-Laws 1984

Local Government Act 1976
Street, Drainage and Building Act 1974
Town and Country Planning Act 1976, etc.

2.0 SITE LOCATION

Figure 2.1 Site location

Source: Google map

Figure 2.2 Site plan drawing

Source: Author. 2015

From the figure 2.1&2.2, we can clearly see the location of the site which we are assigned to
build a sport club. The site location is a very good strategy place since it is access to the main
road (Jalan Lingkung Budi) which is connected with the KL gate (main entrance) and also
Petaling Jaya gate (main entrance). There are also a lot of faculties and residential around the
site, such as Faculty of Law, first residential, second residential and so on.

Figure 2.3 Site location and dimension

Source: Author, 2015

The dimension and shape of the site is shown as above. The dimension of the sites are
measured by using the measuring tape.

3.0 SITE ANALYSIS

We need to go through the site analysis in order to get more information about the site before
the design process is started. For site analysis. We need to consider the strategic location of
the site, site condition, current context, accessibility. Topography, vegetation, sun orientation
and so on.
3.1 ACCESSIBILITY

Figure 3.1 Road near to the site

Source: Google map

1. Access to main road

In the UM, Jalan Lingkung Budi and Jalan Ilmu is related to the site.
At outside of UM, Jalan University, Jalan Dato Abu Bakar, SPRINT highway and so on
are near to the UM main entrance.
2. Transportation
- Public transportation always pass through the road beside the site
For example RapidKL Bus (T632) and Taxi (waiting time = 15-30 minutes per bus)
- LRT (about 5 minutes to reach the station) Eg. Kerinchi station and University station
- UM bus (waiting time= 15-30 minutes)
3.2 ROUTE IN UM-LANDMARKS CLOSE TO THE SITE

Figure 3.2 Route of landmarks near to the site.

Source: Google map, Author,2015

3.3 SERVICES NEAR TO THE SITE

HEALTH SERVICES
SAFETY SERVICES

UM Medical Centre (PPUM)

Guard house (KL Gate)
Security Office (college 12th)

FOOD COURTS
BUS STOP

Police station
Food Junction
KPS (Perdanasiswa Complex)
First residential college
UM centre

3.4 VEGETATION

Figure 3.3 Vegetation on the site.

Source: Author. 2015

There is also a lot of existing vegetation at the site. We will consider this as our building
design factor, so that we will minimize use of the green space in order to maintain the green
environment and achieve the environment sustainability. Vegetation on the site can supply
fresh air to the people around there as well as for the occupants of a new sport club in future.

3.5 SPORT FACILITIES

Figure 3.4 Facilities near to the site.

Source: Google map, Author, 2015

3.6 SUN ORIENTATION AND WIND DIRECTION

Figure 3.5 Sun orientation on the site.

Source: Author, 2015

Figure 3.6 Wind direction on the site.

Source: Author, 2015

Sun orientation on the site is very important to decide the building location and
orientation. We need to avoid the building from direct sunlight, so that the
temperature of the sport club will not be affected. For wind direction, it is not
necessary to take in account because they are always different in the time and days, so
actually can be said that the wind direction may come to any angle of 360 degree of
the site. But, it is possible to consider the wind direction as the building design criteria
with determine the most wind direction along the site in a year.
The landscape of the site is considered flat althought there is some holes at the
middle of the site. Hence, there just need a minor site clearance need to be done and
same as the excavation works in the construction stage. Nonetheless, the soil at the
site is considered low bearing capacity (soft) may be due to the Varsity Lake is beside
the site. Hence, during the construction process, the soil compaction process is needed
to make sure the soil can withstand high load bearing, so that the sport club will not
sink in the future. Besides that, there is also a potential problem which the sport club
may face is the risk of flooding although there is a river along the site, Sungai Pantai
can somehow function as drainage but the drainage system at the site is not proper
installed yet. In history of UM, University of Malaya has faced a serious flooding
which is included the proposed site.

4.0 SWOT ANALYSIS

SWOT analysis is a study of determining the possible strength, weakness, potential
opportunities and threats of the site. Strength and weakness are considered to be the
internal positive and internal negative impacts whereas the opportunities and threats

are categotized as the extenal latent affects on this site. The SWOT analysis for this
building is showed as the table below. By doing this assessment, useful outcomes
such as the strengths and opportunities could be reinforced while the weaknesses and
threars would be improved through appropriate solutions.

Table 4.1 SWOT analysis on the site.

STRENGTHS

WEAKNESSES

1. STRATEGIC LOCATION
- Near to Varsity Lake
- Near to main road
(Lingkungan Budi, Jalan Pantai Baru,
Kerinchi / University LRT station, Jalan
Universiti, Seksyen 16)
- Near to the faculties and residential
colleges
Near to UM Centre and Perdanasiswa
Complex

1.

2. ACCESSIBILITY
- Bus stop available for :# UM bus
# Rapid KL Bus (T632)
# Taxi
# Motorcyclist pathway

2. CAR PARK
- No parking lots available at that
site.
- Existing parking spaces have a
distance from the site.

3. EXISTING FACILITIES
- Food courts / canteen
- Residential colleges
- Mini gymnasium
- UM Medical Centre
- Various types of courts

TRAFFIC JAM
- Especially during the peak hours in
the morning and evening.
- Due to beside the main road
Um students and staff and also
outsiders use the main road.
- Outsiders like to use Jalan
Lingkungan Budi to travel from KL
gate to Petaling Jaya gate.

3. SOIL CONDITION
- Low bearing capacity
- May lead to risk od soil sink
4. NATURAL DISASTER
-High possibility of flood occurrence
during heavy rainfall

4. WIDE AND CLEAR AREA

- No blockage from high building
- Flat topography land.

OPPORTUNITIES
1. STRATEGIC LOCATION
- There are a lot of students and outsiders
may pass through the site since there can
be considered as intersection point from
the faculties, Um centre and so on.
- Hence, when the sport club is

THREATS
1. RISK OF ACCICENT INCREASE
- Near to entrances (KL gate &
Petaling Jaya gate)
- Due to traffic jam
- Lots of students cross the road
- Driving cars at high speed

constructed, there may many people will

know about it and try to spread the news.
- Nice scenery view due to Varsity Lake.

2. CAR PARK
- The students or outsiders may park
their cars besides the road due to lack
of car park lots.
- Then it will cause a serious traffic
jam happen.

2. ACCESSIBILITY
- Easy to spot by public transportation.
- Outsiders also easy to access to the site
easily.
- Motorcyclist can drive through the site.
Students and publics may easy to come
for recreation activities.

3. SOIL CONDITION
- need to undergo the process of soil
compaction before the construction of
sport club.

3. EXISTING FACILITIES
- Varieties of food court
- Ease to go for medication if get injured
- Various type of sport equipment for
exercising.

4. EXISTING SPORT FACILITIES

- People have more choices to choose
where to go
- May lead less people choose the
new sport club in future

4. WIDE AND CLEAR AREA

- Natural ventilation is available.
- Supply sufficient fresh air

5. EFFECT OF FLOOD
- Increase the risk of damaging to the
propertied such as building, car,
facilities and infrastructure during
occurrence of flood.

5.1 LIST OF SPACES

Table 5.1 List of spaces

PUBLIC
Lounge space
Caf
WC (Cafe)
Reception area
Foyer

SEMI-PUBLIC
Kitchen (Cafe)

SEMI-PRIVATE
Store room
Changing room
Meeting room
Multipurpose

room
Gymnasium

PRIVATE
Office space
Plant room
Pantry

5.2 DIMENSION OF ROOM

Table 5.2 Dimension of room

GROUND FLOOR
Room Types

Dimension

Area (without wall)

Area (with wall)

Plant room
Store room
Pantry
Office space
Meeting room
Changing Room
Staff Water Closet
Caf (counter & seating)
Kitchen (cafe)
Water Closet (cafe)
Lounge space
FIRST FLOOR
Gymnasium
Multipurpose room I
Multipurpose room II

(mm x mm)
3000 X 1200
3000 X 2000
2500 X 2000
6000 X 3500
6000 X 3000
1500 X 1500
3000 X 2500
1500 X 1000
-

(Draft) m2
3.6
6.0
4.5
24.9
21.0
17.3
2.3
15.8
7.5
1.5
30.0

(Autocad) m2
3.0
5.1
4.3
23.3
19.9
16.1
2.0
15.2
6.5
1.2
29

10000 X 6000
8500 X 5000
11000 X 4500

60
42.5
49.5

57.2
40.9
47.2

5.3 REQUIREMENT FOR NATURAL VENTILATION AND LIGHTING

List of spaces

Area
(m)

10% of
Lighting
(m2)

5% of
Ventilation
(m2)

Lighting
depend on
windows
(m2)

Natural
Ventilation
depend on
openings (m2)

0.30
0.51
0.43
2.33
1.99
1.61
0.27

0.15
0.26
0.22
1.17
1.00
0.81
0.14

1.08
1.08
1.08
3.24
2.88
2.16
0.27

1.08
0.54
1.08
3.24
2.88
1.98
0.27

GROUND FLOOR
Plant room
Store room
Pantry
Office space
Meeting room
Changing Room
Staff Water

3.0
5.1
4.3
23.3
19.9
16.1
2.0

Closet
Caf
Kitchen (cafe)
Water Closet

15.2
6.5
1.2

1.52
0.65
0.12

0.76
0.33
0.06

2.88
2.16
0.27

2.88
2.16
0.27

(cafe)
Lounge space

29

2.90

1.50

5.40

2.70

Gymnasium
Multipurpose

57.2
40.9

5.72
4.09

2.86
2.05

7.20
5.40

3.60
2.70

room I
Multipurpose

47.2

47.23

2.36

5.40

2.70

FIRST FLOOR

room II

Table 5.3 Natural ventilation and lighting

According the Uniform Building By-Laws (UBBL) 1984, By-law 39(1),

Every room designed, adapted or used for residential, business or other purposes
shall be provided with natural lighting and natural ventilation by mean of one or more
windows having a total area of not less than 10% of the clear floor area of such room
and shall have opening capable of allowing a free uninterrupted passage of air of not
less than 5% of such floor area. In UBBL 1984, By-law 39(4) also stated that,
Every water-closet, latrine, urinal or bathroom shall be provided with natural lighting
and natural ventilation by means of one or more openings having a total area of not
less than 0.2 square metre per water closet, urinal, latrine or bathroom. In the process
of designing the sport club, I have calculated the window sizes and openings, to make sure the
building are complied with minimum requirements.

6.0 BUBBLE DIAGRAM

GROUND FLOOR

STORE
ROOM

PLANT
ROOM

LOUNGE
PANTRY

OFFICE
SPACE

STAFF
WC
SPACE

CHANGING
ROOM
CAFE

MEETING
ROOM

RECEPTION

WC

AREA

KITCHEN

Figure 6.1 Ground floor bubble diagram

Public Space
Semi-public Space
Semi-private Space
Private Space

FIRST FLOOR

GYMNASIUM
MUTL
PURPOSE
ROOM II

WC

MULTI
PURPOSE
ROOM I

Figure 6.2 First floor bubble diagram

Semi-private Space

7.0 DESIGN CONCEPT

The figure above shows the location of the sport club on the site which is facing the
Varsity Lake. The total floor area for the sport club is 400 square metres only because we
need to maintain the vacant green environment. At the ground floor, there are plant room,
store room, pantry (for officers), office space, meeting room, foyer, lounge space, reception
area, staff water closet, changing room and caf, meanwhile, at the first floor, there are
gymnasium, two multipurpose rooms and water closet. For the sport club that I have
designed, all the sport activities will be conducted at the first floor and the ground floor is for
reception, light refreshment and also area for people to change clothes.

There are four different types of spaces at the ground floor which are private
spaces, semi-private spaces, semi-public spaces and also public spaces. From the
ground floor plan, we can see that the flow of the different spaces and there is no
mixing of public and private spaces due to the privacy.

There is a caf with total floor areas 35 square metres which consists of a 7.5
square metres of kitchen and two of 1.5 square metres of water closets. Estimated
floor area for seating and counter space is 15.2 square metres. There is total 8 seats
inside the caf and others can sit at the outside of caf which can enjoy their lunch or
breakfast with natural ventilation and green environment. The caf is facing the west
and the caf outside is facing the south and west since it is an open space. During
evening the cafe outside is hot due to the sun located at west at that time, so this
problem is overcame with the shading of trees around the open space. The tree is not
only provide shading for the customers but at the same time it gives a good
appearance to the sport club. Besides that, for the outdoor caf, every table is
provided with a big umbrella to provide shading for those who sit outside. There is
also a 1 metre width of projection above the caf which also can function as provide
shading for the outdoor part of the caf.
The changing rooms are right beside the caf which is considered as semiprivate space. After the students or outsiders are having their meals and rest, they may
go to change their clothes and clean up themselves in the changing room before they
go for their sport activities. Each changing room consists of two bathrooms and two
water closets, more than ten lockers, sink and also benches for the users sit and rest.
The lounge space is also located beside the caf and next to the changing room. There
is a place for people to take their rest before and after their sport activities. There also
provides with magazines and newspapers, so that they can read them when they are
having their rest. The reception area is situated beside the entrance, so that people can
easy to access and register themselves after step in the building. The officers at the
reception area also can observe and control the people go in and out from somewhere
such as changing room, meeting room or staircase.
There is an office space at the left hand side of the building. That area is
considered as private or semi-private spaces. The space of the office is designed to
accommodate 3 to 5 officers. There is also a counter in the front of the office, so that
the users can easy make the procedure to take the exercise equipment from the
storeroom. For the meeting room, I made it as a semi-private space because it is
possible for outsiders or students have their meeting after make appointment with the
office. For the store room, since it is quite small, hence it is not suitable to have two
doors for that room. I decide the door put outside the building but not in the office

space because office space is a private space, so it is not allowed for other people
simply to get in. There is also a back exit for the building to let people exit or enter
the building and also fulfil the requirement of fire safety according the UBBL 1984.
For the first floor, there is only one type of space which is semi-private space.
Gymnasium and multipurpose room are considered as semi-private spaces because the
first floor only for the sport club members and the members share to use.
For gymnasium, there are divided into three different areas which are stretch
area, cardiovascular area and also resistance or free weight area. The stretch area is
the first and last area to be used, for warming up and warming down, hence it should
located near to the fitness gym entrance to promote its use. This area will be supplied
with vinyl covered padded floor matting. The cardiovascular area is supplied and
located next to the glazing external wall which is facing the Varsity Lake. Hence, for
those who work out at cardiovascular area such as using treadmills, upper body
ergometers, exercise bicycle and so on, will face the Varsity Lake when they are doing
their exercises. People can enjoy the beauty of the lake and at the same time, they also
can enjoy their exercises. For the resistance and free weight area, such as dumbbell
weights, arm machine, smith machines and so on are located at the behind of the
gymnasium. The minimum required space is 25 square metres. The gymnasium can
accommodate about 30 to 40 people and full with exercise equipment. For the
multipurpose room, it can be used as aerobic room, dancing room, martial arts room.
Multipurpose room can accommodate about 50 to 80 people.
The both multipurpose rooms are openable which is separated with the bifold
doors. Hence, it can expand to double spaces when there is larger class for martial arts
or dance. Mirror is also provided on at least one side of each multipurpose room and
gymnasium, to allow the users to see themselves during a session. There is also
environment requirement for gymnasium and multipurpose room, as shown in the
figure below.
On the propose site, there are only sport club building, road and also a space
for baseball. There is not provided with car park lots because it need to remain the
environment sustainability and vegetation at the site. For the sport club users who
drive their car, may park at car park beside the first residential college or the car parks
near to DTC. For more detail design concept is shown in the sketch plans (Appendix).

Figure 7.1 Environment requirement for gym and studio

Source: Design Sport England Guidance Note Book

8.0 CONCLUSION

The proposal of designing the sport club is need to be considered in many

considerations and requirements which is related to legislations and regulations,
mechanical and electrical services, materials and construction technology, building
services etc.
To start the design of the sport club, we need to do research about the
background and history of the site. We need to do the site analysis to observe and
determine the site conditions. Besides that, SWOT analysis is need for every design of
building, to identify the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats of the
site. After that, requirement and purpose of the building is need to be considered
during design the sport club, such as amount of occupants, functions of the building,
thermal comfort and so on.
During building designing process, we need to consider the requirement and
regulations of Malaysia. For instance, we need to fulfil the minimum requirement for
natural ventilation and also natural lighting of a building which is stated in the
Uniform Building By-laws 1984. Besides that, minimum requirement for area of a
room also need to be taken in account in the designing of the sport club.
Although there are some weaknesses and threats for the site, but we can
overcome them by change them into strengths and opportunities of the site. Thus, the
sport club can attract more people to come for recreation purpose and enjoy the nice
scenery view from the building.

REFERENCES

1. Frederick S. Merritt, Jonathan T.Ricketts. (2000). Building Design and

Construction Handbook. (Sixth Edition). United States: McGrawHill.

2. Kolpeterson. (2011). Building design and construction process step by step.

Retrieved from: http://accessorydwellings.org/2011/11/09/building-design-andconstruction-process-step-by-step/
3. Sport England. 2008. Design Guidance Note Handbook.
4. The Sport Club of Novi. 2015. Retrieved from http://www.tscnovi.com/
5. Uniform Building By-Laws 1984 Act Book