Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GUON TEMTICO
FORMATO
CORRESPONDENCIA
CURRICULAR (etapa, curso)
AUTORA
TEMPORALIZACIN
APROXIMADA
COMPETENCIAS BSICAS
Word / PDF
6 curso de Educacin Primaria
Mara Dolores de la Torre valos
6 sesiones (2 semanas)
- Competencia
con el medio
- Competencia
informacin.
- Competencia
- Competencia
- Competencia
- Competencia
en el conocimiento e interaccin
fsico
digital y tratamiento de la
social y ciudadana.
para aprender a aprender.
cultural y artstica.
lingstica.
OBSERVACIONES
OBJETIVOS DE ETAPA
- Conocer la estructura de la
Tierra y su energa.
- Conocer las rocas y los
minerales, as como sus
utilidades.
- Diferenciar unas rocas de
otras.
- Identificar los volcanes como
aberturas de la corteza
terrestre por las que fluyen
materiales procedentes del
interior de la Tierra.
- Identificar y reconocer un
terremoto como un temblor o
sacudida que tiene lugar en una
zona de la corteza terrestre.
- Conocer los elementos de un
terremoto.
- Conocer los efectos
devastadores de un volcn y de
un terremoto.
- Reconocer la importancia
tanto de la prediccin como de
la prevencin para paliar los
riesgos de la actividad ssmica y
volcnica.
CONTENIDOS
DE
CURSO/CICLO
La energa
interna de la
Tierra.
Transformacio
nes geolgicas
provocadas por
dicha energa y
efectos en la
configuracin
paisajstica y
en la vida
humana.
TEMA O
SUBTEMA
MODELOS
DISCURSIVOS
Identificacin
de los distintos
tipos de rocas
segn su
textura y
origen: rocas
magmticas,
metamrficas e
gneas.
- Diferenciacin
de las
manifestaciones
de la energa
interna de la
Tierra: volcanes
y terremotos.
- Valoracin de
los riesgos que
supone la
energa interna
de la Tierra:
volcanes y
terremotos.
Prediccin y
prevencin.
- Expresar
opiniones sobre
los temas y
conceptos
propios de la
secuencia
partiendo de las
tareas
planteadas.
- Leer y
escuchar las
diferentes
lecturas propias
de la secuencia
didctica.
- Escribir acerca
de los diferentes
aspectos
tratados en el
tema con el
objetivo de
interrelacionar
los contenidos
aprendidos.
TAREAS
- Ejercicios de
comprensin
lectora del tema
expuesto.
- Elaboracin de
mapas
conceptuales de
algunos tratados.
- Exposicin de
conclusiones o
soluciones a
tareas
propuestas.
- Construccin de
modelos sencillos
extrados de las
explicaciones de
los aspectos
tericos de la
secuencia
didctica.
CONTENIDOS
LINGSTICOS
CRITERIOS DE
EVALUACIN
FUNCIONES:
Predecir el tema de
estudio usando
palabras.
-Comparar las
manifestaciones de
la energa interna de
la Tierra.
Relacionar diferentes
fenmenos
geolgicos.
- Explicar la
diferencia
entre rocas y
minerales.
- Explicar los
diferentes tipos
de
rocas.
- Describir cmo
se
producen los
volcanes.
ESTRUCTURAS:
- Describir los
I think it is a/ an
tipos
There is/ there are y las partes de
I can see
un
Its force is /
volcn.
Its intensity is
- Explicar cmo
Simple Past
se
LXICO:
producen los
core, mantle,
terremotos.
crust, talc,
- Describir los
diamond, old, iron, elementos de un
rock, quarry, mine, terremoto.
earth, igneous,
- Describir los
volcanic,
Efectos
devastadores
metamorphic and
que
sedimentary,
pueden
plutonic,ash,
ocasionar
volcano, magma,
los terremotos y
chamber, conduit,
los volcanes.
chimney, , gas,
lava, magma,
plate, rock, vent.
1. Warm up Activity.
Look at the photograph showing the effects of the inner energy Earth.
In pairs describe it.
How do you feel looking at the effects of the inner energy Earth?
I think it is a/ an
There is/ there are
I can see
I watched some
images of an
earthquake on TV
Vocabulary:
Strong: powerful.
Huge: extremely large.
Big: great, of more size, force, importance.
Destroyed: damaged.
Afraid: full of fear.
Sad: unhappy.
Bad: not good.
Surprised: showing surprise or shock.
Broken: damaged or spoilt.
Fall: to move to a lower position or level
Fallen: moved or changed to a lower level.
Dead: no longer alive.
When a rock contains a mineral we can use, we call it an ore. For example, the gold we use for
jewellery is found in gold ore. The iron we use in industry is found in iron ore. These mineral ores
are extracted from mines and quarries.
E
M
A
K
G
W
I
E
N
R
E
C
H
O
W
L
W
S
N
W
O
D
A
S
P
E
L
T
E
N
B
E
O
G
N
D
E
R
L
O
D
P
G
P
F
F
P
Z
Z
S
R
Q
W
Q
D
K
S
B
F
A
E
R
N
Q
R
S
X
H
F
F
E
L
F
T
C
H
M
E
G
S
U
N
E
C
E
C
J
E
D
V
D
D
G
J
T
N
Z
L
E
I
E
F
R
D
T
I
C
C
O
E
M
I
L
F
S
T
H
Z
P
B
Q
U
A
R
R
Y
L
K
F
N
I
L
E
H
N
M
E
E
C
M
L
O
U
T
E
R
F
E
X
C
N
F
X
W
I
A
O
A
C
N
S
W
T
E
O
E
S
S
S
N
R
S
J
N
R
N
A
G
T
E
N
E
X
U
V
K
E
T
D
S
D
O
E
T
O
I
G
I
R
P
J
I
N
T
I
D
A
U
C
V
A
L
H
L
F
P
G
H
O
N
J
R
H
D
J
K
O
V
D
E
O
M
C
E
D
X
H
L
B
B
B
Y
J
G
E
X
L
G
Y
V
F
Q
O
D
R
O
I
M
K
R
C
X
H
I
S
Q
P
E
E
H
S
E
G
I
J
E
N
R
I
I
E
T
I
E
S
G
S
I
B
D
C
G
O
E
S
N
C
E
M
W
Z
Y
H
G
X
N
____c. granite
Vocabulary:
Continents: Europe, Africa, Asia, Australia,
America (North America, South America),
Antarctica.
Oceans: Arctic Ocean, North Pacific Ocean,
North Atlantic Ocean, South Pacific Ocean,
South Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean.
10
11
7. Listen and fill in the blanks of this text about the Earths structure.
Planet Earth has got (1) _________main layers: the core, the mantle and the crust.
The (2) _________, or centre of the Earth consists of (3)__________ liquid (4)__________. The
core is covered by the (5)__________. It is the (6)_______________ layer.
The (7) ____________is the surface of the Earth. It is (8)__________ divided into three
(9)__________: the (10)___________ rocks layer, the (11)___________layer, and the
(12)__________rock layer.
The (13)___________that makes up the (14)____________is called the (15)___________.
Could we listen
to it again,
please? I dont
understand.
12
A Journey to the Center of the Earth is a classic science fiction novel by Jules Verne.
The story involves a German professor Professor Von Hardwigg who believes there
are volcanic tubes going toward the centre of the Earth. He, his nephew Axel and their guide
Hans encounter many adventures, including prehistoric animals and natural hazards,
eventually coming to the surface again in southern Italy.
8. Describe these pictures about the journey to the centre of the Earth and write below each
picture the right sentence.
1
2
13
14
Vocabulary:
Great: very large in degree or amount
Fantastic: wonderful, good
Bored: tired and uninterested
Funny: amusing
Exciting: causing excitement
Buildings: structures with a roof and walls, houses
Extinct animals: animals which lived in the past and
they do not live actually
Fantastic plants: wonderful plants
Carnivorous plants: plants that eat animals
Danger: harm
Adventure: a journey or an experience
Hot: having a certain degree of heat
15
10. Make a C-map about the Earths structure, its different types of layers, main aspects and
so on.
EARTHS
STRUCTURE:
types of layers
Examples
Examples
Examples
16
Granite
Obsidian
- volcanic rocks, which are formed through fast solidification of the lava from volcanoes on
the Earth s surface, for example, basalt or pumice stone.
Basalt
Pumice stone
17
- metamorphic rocks, which are formed from igneous rocks or sedimentary rocks transformed by
pressure and/ or high temperatures during a process called metamorphism, e.g., slate and marble.
Marble
Slate
- sedimentary rocks, which are formed by the deposition on the surface of the Earth of material
produced by erosion or the remains of living creatures, e.g., limestone and sandstone.
Sandstone
Limestone
18
Plutonic rock
Volcanic rock
Metamorphic rock
Sedimentary rock
19
12. Match the rocks using different colours ( red : plutonic rocks, green : volcanic rocks ;
brown : metamorphic rocks, blue : sedimentary rocks).
Plutonic rocks
Volcanic rocks
Metamorphic rocks
Sedimentary rocks
20
13. Look at this rock carefully. In pairs, discuss what type of rock it is it and why you think
so.
I think it is a
.rock
because
In my opinion,
its a..rock
because
21
14. As you know, there are three main types of rocks. In pairs, match the numbers of the
types of rocks to the correct description.
1. Metamorphic
2. Igneous
3. Sedimentary
a. Rocks which have been changed by extreme pressure over long periods of time.
Examples: marble, slate
b. Rocks formed by layers of sediment falling to the bottom of the sea or lakes.
Fossils may be found in these types of rock. Examples: sandstone, limestone.
22
15. Find the following hidden words and write a sentence with each one
syenite, granite, obsidian, slate, marble, limestone, basalt, pumice
E
X
D
U
M
H
N
D
R
S
I
R
R
S
O
S
D
R
I
F
T
A
H
T
F
E
V
P
R
I
S
S
U
M
H
O
F
H
W
F
O
S
Y
A
T
I
T
P
C
W
W
Y
P
J
B
A
G
B
C
S
R
D
L
U
G
P
M
L
T
N
H
R
M
A
A
O
E
N
I
D
C
U
O
E
A
H
L
S
G
M
A
S
H
P
M
E
G
M
X
D
G
A
R
S
R
E
S
Q
A
C
E
K
E
I
A
I
S
P
I
L
A
F
Y
F
N
L
S
S
S
C
U
R
S
T
M
E
N
W
E
R
F
T
T
L
N
E
D
O
B
S
I
D
I
A
N
L
H
G
O
H
R
H
O
B
D
L
V
N
T
F
I
V
L
I
N
S
E
E
C
A
O
A
E
S
E
R
T
D
X
F
E
R
H
F
U
B
M
T
R
R
A
L
E
I
A
T
J
D
L
E
S
R
W
E
E
I
U
R
F
J
R
T
E
V
E
T
D
S
A
T
N
H
I
W
S
W
L
S
S
T
X
G
E
K
E
U
E
Y
E
A
S
A
M
J
G
H
23
16. Make a C-map about the different types of rocks, characteristics, main aspects, examples
and so on.
ROCKS
.
Examples
Examples
Examples
24
25
Student A
1. In which type of rock are you most likely to find fossils?
2. Which type of rock is marble?
3. How is a metamorphic rock made?
4. How is a sedimentary rock formed?
5. Which type of igneous rock is an obsidian?
Student B
6. How is an igneous rock created?
7. Which type of igneous rock is a pumice stone?
8. What is the name of the process to transform an igneous rock on a sedimentary rock?
9. Which type of rock is a sandstone?
10. How is a plutonic rock formed?
26
19. Work in pairs. Read and write T for True or F for False.
How much do you know about volcanoes and earthquakes?
4. Volcanoes are made from lava and rock from inside the Earth.
27
28
20. And now read these rhymes and guess the words:
Everythings moving,
Trembling and moving,
Everythings falling down
In my town.
29
The Earths core has two layers: a solid iron and nickel core and an outer core made of very hot
partially melted rock. The partially melted rock is called magma.
Magma can sometimes come up from the outer core to near the Earth s crust. It forms magma
chambers.
The Earth s crust is broken into pieces called plates. Sometimes the magma finds a crack between
these plates. This crack is called a chimney or vent. A volcanic eruption happens when magma
explodes out of the chimney.
Magma that erupts onto the Earth s surface is called lava. Gas, ash and rocks also come out. They
cool and solidify. They form the mountains we call volcanoes.
30
Volcanic eruptions
Hot, melted rock called______________ comes up close to the Earths surface. It forms magma
__________.
A volcanic eruption happens when the magma comes out of a ____________. Gas and
___________, including rocks come out. The materials form the mountains we call ___________.
31
conduit - a conduit is
a passage through
which magma
(molten rock) flows
in a volcano.
magma chamber - a
magma chamber
contains magma
(molten rock) deep
within the Earth's
crust.
vent - a vent is an
opening in the
Earth's surface
through which
volcanic materials
erupt.
32
A shield volcano is shaped like a bowl or shield in the middle with long slopes. It is created by
runny magma that moves quickly and cools slowly. Its eruptions are effusive (non-explosive).
A cinder cone is a circular or oval volcano made up of small fragments of lava from a single
chimney that have been blown into the air cooled and fallen around the vent.
33
REMEMBER:
A volcano is a
mountain formed
from eruptions of
lava (molten rock)
and ash.
23. Identify the volcano. Read the descriptions of the different types of volcanoes depending
on their forms and match the shapes of the volcanoes and the right description.
34
REMEMBER:
The movement of the
Earths tectonic plates is
responsible for
earthquakes and
volcanic eruptions.
An active volcano has erupted recently and is expected to erupt again in the futureA dormant volcano is actually inactive, but may erupt in the future.
An extinct volcano has not erupted in the past few thousand years and is not expected to
erupt in the future.
35
24. Surf the Internet and complete the tables with the correct information.
Name
1.
2.
Name
1.
2.
36
37
26. Order the words and form a right sentence about volcanoes:
38
ACTMPC
VHNALO
AIEGAN
LMVMTD
RNOAEU
OENGFI
CYAHAT
KMCZSS
FMLZBA
TQOGEO
XTVDXR
ASH, CHIMNEY, CONDUIT, GAS, LAVA, MAGMA, PLATE, ROCK, VENT, VOLCANO
39
28. As a class, make a C-map about different types of volcanoes, characteristics and examples
of one of them ( Surf the internet to know the different names of the volcanoes). Write the Cmap in your notebook.
VOLCANOES
TYPES
Depending on
their form
Depending on
their inner
energy
40
First of all, have a disaster plan. Be prepared for earthquakes, ash falling, acid rain and tsunamis.
Prepare a disaster supplies kit for your home and car with a first aid kit, canned food and a can
opener, bottled water, battery-operated radio, flashlight, protective clothing, dust mask and goggles.
Dont forget, know all of your evacuation routes.
Follow the evacuation order given by authorities. Avoid rivers. If you are indoors, close all
windows and doors and bring animals inside. If you are outdoors, seek shelter indoors. Protect your
head. If you are near a stream, move to higher ground. Wear long sleeved shirts and trousers.
Protect your eyes. Wear a dust mask and keep car engines off.
Cover your mouth and nose. Volcanic ash can irritate your respiratory system. Protect your eyes.
Keep your skin covered. Clear roofs of ash, because the ash can cause the building to collapse.
41
Before a volcano
I will prepare
I will take
During a volcano, I
will protect
After a volcano, I
will
In case of volcano, I
must
42
The Earth s crust is broken into seven large tectonic plates and lots of small plates. The plates fit
together like a jigsaw puzzle. The plates are on top of the mantle. They can move around because
the mantle is soft. When the plates move, sometimes they bump into each other. The rock breaks
along a weak point (fault scarp, fault line).
When this happens, there is an earthquake.
The movement of the plates makes seismic waves come to the Earth s surface.
The place where the earthquake begins is called the focus. This is inside the Earth. The place where
we feel the earthquake most intensely is called the epicentre (epicenter).
This is on the Earths surface, directly above the focus.
43
44
The strength of an earthquake is usually described using the Richter Scale. The Richter Scale
measures the total amount of energy released in the earthquake.
0- 1.9
2- 2.9
3- 3.9
4- 4.9
5-5.9
6- 6-9
7- 7.9
8- 8.9
9 and over
45
Earthquakes are also measured using the Mercalli Scale. The Mercalli Scale measures the amount
of damage, the effects of the earthquake on people and buildings in different areas caused by the
earthquake. The Mercalli scale was the first earthquake scale invented.
People fill out reports on what happened to them during an earthquake. They are asked if they were
awakened by the earthquake, if furniture moved, any damage to chimneys or to walls in their home.
Each of these questions is part of the criteria used to determine the intensity of the earthquake
at their location. Roman numerals I to XII are used to show the effects of the earthquake.
I
II
III-IV
V-VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
Not felt
Felt only by people at rest
Felt by people indoors only
Felt by all; some damage to plaster, chimneys
People run outdoors, damage to poorly built
structures
Well-built structures slightly damaged; poorly
built structure suffer big damage
Buildings moved foundations
Some well- built structures destroyed
Few structures remain standing; bridges
destroyed
Damage total; waves seen on ground; objects
thrown into air
46
47
48
Hundreds of people have spent the night outdoors in the southern Spanish
town of Lorca after an earthquake which killed at least 10 people.
The magnitude-5.2 tremor toppled several buildings after striking at a depth of just
1km (0.6 miles), 120km south-west of Alicante. Wednesday evening's quake came
about two hours after a 4.4-magnitude tremor.It is not clear how many people were
injured.
Shocked residents and workers rushed out of buildings and gathered in squares,
parks and open spaces. Old buildings were badly damaged. At night many people
were still too afraid to return to their homes.
The BBC's Sarah Rainsford in Madrid says the quake is the most serious to hit
Spain in about 50 years. Spain has hundreds of earthquakes every year but most of
them are too small to be noticed. Murcia is the country's most seismically active
area and suffered tremors in 2005 and 1999.
Murcia is close to the large faultline beneath the Mediterranean Sea where the
European and African continents meet.
Answer the following questions:
1. What is the name of the town where an earthquake happened on 10th May 2011?
2. Where is that town?
3. Which was the magnitude of the earthquake?
4. In which scale was the earthquake measured?
5. Where is Murcia placed?
6 de Primaria: Earth inner energy
49
In my opinion, the
intensity number in the
Mercalli Scale is
I think it is because
Earthquakes
An earthquake happens when the ___________in the Earth s crust bump into each other.
____________come to the Earth s surface. The place the earthquake begins is called the ________.
The ___________ is directly above this, on the Earth s surface.
50
33. Discuss in pairs and put the following statements in order to explain how earthquakes
happen.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
51
YEAR
881
1169
1494
1522
1531
1804
1910
1930
1932
1951
1951
1956
1964
1993
1994
MAGNITUDE
(RICHTER SCALE)
7,2
6,8
6,5
6,8
6,5
6,2
6,3
5,3
4,7
5
5,5
5
4,8
5
4,9
PLACE OR TOWN
Gulf of Cdiz
Andjar
Mlaga
Almera
Baza
Dalias
Adra
Montilla
Lcar
Bailn
Alcaudete
Albolote
Orce-Galera
Berja
Coast of Balerma
Use the information of the table to place the name of the towns where the
earthquakes happened in Andalusia.
52
53
Have a disaster plan. Choose a safe place in every room. It is the best to get under a table or a desk
where nothing can fall on you.
Practice DROP, COVER AND HOLD ON! Drop under something, hold on, and protect your eyes
by pressing your face against your arm. Prepare a first aid kit for your home. By talking special
precautions, you will be much more likely to stay safe.
DROP, COVER AND HOLD ON! Stay indoors until the shaking stops. Stay away from windows.
If you are in bed, hold on and stay there, protecting your head with a pillow.
If you are outdoors, find a clear spot away from buildings, trees and power lines. Then, drop to the
ground. If you are in a car, slow down and drive to a safe place. Stay in the car until the shaking
stops.
Check for injuries. Inspect your home for damage. Turn off the gas. Expect after shocks. Each time
you feel one, DROP, COVER AND HOLD ON.
54
In case of an
earthquake I will
take to a safety
shelter.
The most important
things for me are
55
MATERIALS:
- two rectangular pieces of cardboard
- hole puncher
- tape
- string
- cookie sheet
- dirt ( enough to cover the two cardboard pieces)
PROCESS:
Use the hole puncher to punch out two holes on one side of each piece of cardboard.
Then put the string through the holes.
Tie a knot using the ends of the string for both pieces of cardboard.
Tape the cardboard pieces together but lay them so that the ends are not touching.
Place the cardboard pieces on the cookie sheet.
Put some dirt over top of the pieces. Make sure the dirt is covering both pieces completely. (It is
better to do this outside.)
56
Pull on the strings outward and watch the dirt as it simulates an earthquake.
Explain your partners what happens when you pull on the strings.
First, I put___
Then, I used ____
Suddenly,______
When we pull the strings,
we notice_____
57
MATERIALS:
6 cups of flour
2 cups of salt
4 tablespoons of cooking oil
2 tablespoons of baking soda
dishwashing detergent
food color
vinegar
warm water
baking dish or pan
PROCESS:
First, make the cone of the baking soda volcano.
Mix 6 cups flour, 2 cups salt, 4 tablespoons cooking oil and 2 cups warm water. The mixture
should be smooth and firm.
Add more warm water if needed.
Stand the soda bottle in the baking pan and mold the dough around it into a volcano shape.
58
Fill the bottle with warm water and a bit of red food colour.
59
Tell your partners what happens when you pour the vinegar into the bottle.
I poured the
vinegar into the
bottle and _____
The reaction of the
vinegar and the
baking soda
was____
Use different shaped containers that represent the magma chamber and conduit of a volcano.
How does shape affect the eruption results? Write a brief summary of the changes. Then tell
your partners.
60
MATERIALS:
PROCESS:
Go outside to an area where you have a lot of room. This experiment is messy!
Open the bottle of soda carefully. Position the bottle on the ground, so that it will not tip over.
Unwrap the roll of Mentos. The goal is to drop the Mentos into the bottle at the same time, which is
very tricky. One method is to roll a piece of paper into a tube just big enough to hold the loose
Mentos.
Put a card under the roll and on top of the bottle top, so you can pull the card and the candies will
just drop in at once.
Drop all of the Mentos into the bottle at the same time and then move out of the way just as quick as
you can.
61
Time of Eruption
62
63
Read the following statements and write a cross to mark your progress in this unit.
64
65
ORE- A naturally occurring mineral or rock from which a valuable or useful substance, especially a
metal, can be extracted at a reasonable cost.
PLATES- They are the different pieces in which the Earths crust is broken.
PLUTONIC ROCK- It is a rock formed through the slow solidification of magma in the interior of
the Earths crust. It is an igneous rock.
PUMICE - It is a light-coloured volcanic rock containing lots of bubbles from trapped gases.
QUARRY- An open excavation or pit from which stone is obtained by digging, cutting, or blasting.
RICHTER SCALE - A measurement of an earthquake's intensity. Each one-point increase on the
scale indicates ten times the amount of shaking and 33 times the amount of energy.
ROCK- It is a combination of one or more minerals.
SEDIMENTARY ROCK- It is a rock formed by the deposition on the surface of the Earth of a
material produced by erosion.
SEISMIC WAVES - The energy created by the quake travels in waves from the
epicentre, where they are the strongest. The waves shake buildings, structures and the earth
vertically, causing them to move horizontally!
SEISMOGRAPH- It is an instrument used for recording the intensity and duration of an
earthquake.
SHIELD VOLCANO- It is shaped like a bowl or shield in the middle with long slopes. It is
created by runny magma that moves quickly and cools slowly. Its eruptions are effusive (nonexplosive).
STRATOVOLCANO-It has steeply sloping sides. It is created by viscous (thick) magma that
moves slowly and cools quickly. Its eruptions are explosive.
VENT (CHIMNEY) - It is a crack between the plates in the Earths crust. The magma goes out
through the vent.
VOLCANIC ROCK- It is a rock formed through fast solidification of the lava from volcanoes on
the Earths surface. It is an igneous rock.
VOLCANO- It is an opening in the earth's crust through which molten lava, ash, and gases are
ejected. A mountain formed by the materials ejected from a volcano.
66