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2, 2008
Summary: Ferroresonance is a phenomenon usually initiated by transients in power networks resulting Key words:
from e.g. switching operations or ground faults. Non linear behavior of the core of an inductive inductive voltage
voltage transformer results in magnetic saturation. Long-lasting ferroresonant state is dangerous transformer,
to the equipment due to prolonged overvoltage and large overcurrents in HV windings. transformer core,
In the present article numerical simulations of the ferroresonance phenomenon in a HV inductive ferroresonance,
VT are presented. The ferroresonant oscillations analyzed result from interaction between the ATP/EMTP,
voltage transformer and a grading capacitance of a circuit breaker. simulation
Mariusz Stosur et al.: ATP/EMTP Study of Ferroresonance Involving HV Inductive VT and Circuit Breaker Capacitance. 49
corresponding to Upeak voltage levels were then compared
against the Upeak-Ipeak values obtained experimentally
before by the laboratory investigation. The comparison is
shown in Figure 4.
It can be seen that a very agreement between the measured
and simulation was obtained both for the linear region and
for the saturated region.
3. ATP/EMTP ferroresonance
simulations
Fig. 3. Complete simulation model of the inductive voltage transformer with HV winding with IVT core non-linear characteristic (magnetizing curve)
Mariusz Stosur et al.: ATP/EMTP Study of Ferroresonance Involving HV Inductive VT and Circuit Breaker Capacitance. 51
Table 2. Ferroresonance simulations results summary.
It could be seen that for Un values of 100% and higher Mariusz Stosur
the ferroresonance may exist for CW = 1 nF and above. This was born in 1974 in Poland. He received his M.Sc. and
value is larger than realistic value of growth capacitance. Ph.D. degrees in the Faculty of Electrical Engineering
from the Wroclaw University of Technology, Poland
For lower capacitance values no ferroresonant behaviour
in 1999, 2004 respectively. His fields of interests
was observed. For the extreme value of U n = 150% include switching phenomenon in vacuum, instrument
however, a potential risk of ferroresonance was identified for transformers, power system protection, modeling and
CW = 500 pF. simulations in electrical power engineering. Presently
he is in ABB Corporate Research Center in Krakow/Poland as a research
scientist.
4. Conclusions e-mail: mariusz.stosur@pl.abb.com
The analysis presented on the case study example showed Wojciech Piasecki
the approach applicable to studying the potential of the was born on May 15, 1966 in Poland. He received his
ferroresonant behavior of the real power devices. Due to M.Sc. in Electronics from the University of Science
the very high sensitivity of the non-linear model behavior to and Technology (Krakow, Poland) and a Ph.D. from the
Jagiellonian University (Krakow, Poland). He has been
the model accuracy, especially in the deep saturation region,
working for many years in the area of electromagnetic
a special care must be taken to accurately modeling of the and electrical phenomena, including high frequency and
magnetic circuit. The magnetizing characteristic of the core non-linear modeling of electrical equipment. Currently a
should be based on the measurements of the real core. The researcher at the Corporate Research Center in Krakow. His main activity
approach utilizing a test winding of low number of turns concentrated around transient network phenomena analysis.
e-mail: wojciech.piasecki@pl.abb.com
allows one to minimize the effects of the leakage inductance
and stray capacitance. These parameters however must be
included in the realistic model of the HV winding. Marek Florkowski
The use of the ATP/EMTP environment can be used was born on July 3, 1965 in Krakow Poland. He received
to identify the potential ferroresonant combinations of his M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees in Electronics from the
parameters (voltage and capacitance) and allows one to select University of Science and Technology (AGH) in Krakow
in 1990 and 1994 respectively. From 1990 to 1992 he
appropriate mitigation scheme.
was employed at ABB Corporate Research Center in
Baden-Dättwil, Switzerland. Currently he is responsible
for ABB Corporate Research Center in Krakow, Poland.
References He is a member of IEEE and CIGRE.
e-mail: marek.florkowski@pl.abb.com
1. D o m m e l H . W. : Electromagnetic Transients Program. Reference
Manual (EMTP) Theory Book. BPA, Portland, Oregon, 1986
2. F e r r a c c i P h . : Ferroresonance. Cahiers Techniques Schneider.
Collection Technique Groupe Schneider, No. ECT 190, 1998. Marek Fulczyk
3. E s c u d e r o Va l M . , D u d u r y c h I . , R e d f e r n M . A . : was born in 1968 in Poland. He received the M.Sc. and
Characterization of Ferroresonant Modes in HV Substation with CB Ph.D. degree in Electrical Engineering from the Wroclaw
Grading Capacitors. Proc. of the 6th International Conference on University of Technology/Poland in 1993 and 1997,
Power Systems Transients , No. IPST 05–146, 2005. respectively. In 1997 he joined ABB as a research scientist.
4. Piasecki W., Florkowski M., Fulczyk M., Mahonen P.,
L u t o M . , N o w a k W . : Ferroresonance Involving Voltage Now he is a group leader of Electrical & Engineering
Transformers in Medium Voltage Networks. Proc. of the 14th Systems at ABB Corporate Research in Krakow, Poland.
International Symposium on the High Voltage Engineering, Tsinghua His fields of interests include power system protection,
University Beijing, F-19, 2005. power system/voltage stability, real-time collaborative technology, 3D
5. G r a o v a c M . , I r a v a n i R . , Wa n g X . , M c Ta g g a r t R . D . : modelling and simulations of phenomena in power systems.
Fast Ferroresonance Suppression of Coupling Capacitor Voltage e-mail: marek.fulczyk@pl.abb.com
Transformers. IEEE Trans. on Power Delivery, Vol. 18, No. 1, 2003,
pp. 158–163.
6. S a n a y e - P a s a n d M . , A g h a z a d e h R . , M o h s e n i H . :
Ferroresonance Occurrence during Energization of Capacitive Voltage
Substations. IEEE Power Engineering Society General Meeting, Vol.
2, 2003, pp. 601–606.