01: Sutherlands viscosity law is used to represent the variation of gas viscosity with

temperature,
3

T 2
(T S)
TT

where is the dynamic viscosity, T is the absolute temperature, o and To are reference values
of and T, respectively, and S is a constant (with units of temperature)that depends on the gas.
For air, To = 273 K, o =1 .71 10 -5 kg / (m s), and S =110 .4 K
Write a script m-file that evaluates air at 30oC. In your expression for , use variables, not the
numerical constants, for , T, and S.
Solution:
T=30;
T = T+273;
To = 273;
uo= 1.71*1e-5;
S = 110.4;
u= (((T/To^(3/2)*(To*S))/(T+S))*uo

2. Convert the script written in the preceding exercise to a function. The function should have one
input parameter, T, and one output parameter, .
Solution:
function u = viscosity(t)
T = T+273;
To = 273;
uo = 1.71*1e-5;
S = 110.4;
u = (((T/To)^(3/2)*(To*S))/(T+S))*uo;

3. Modify the function from the preceding exercise so that it accepts a vector of T values as well
as a scalar T values.

Solution:
function u = viscosity(t)
T = T+273;
To = 273;
uo =1.71*1e-5;
T =110.4;
u = (((T./To).^(3/2).*(To*S))./(T+S)).*uo;

o
in the range 0 T 230 C using the
air
function written in the preceding exercise. Plot the Sutherland model data
against the shown below.
4. Write a function that evaluates

0
20
40
60
80
100
127
177
227
Solution:
function u = plotviscosity(T,Tv,uv)
T = T+273;
To =273;
uo =1.71*1e-5;
S =110.4;
u = (((T./To).^(3/2).*(To*S))./(T+S)).*uo;
plot (T,u,'--');
hold on;
plot(Tv,uv,'-');

1.720e-5
1.817e-5
1.911e-5
2.002e-5
2.091e-5
2.177e-5
2.294e-5
2.493e-5
2.701e-5

5. Develop a function-m file in MATLAB that can be used to:

(a) Find the principal stresses for the given state of stress.
(b) Find absolute maximum shear stress for the given state of stress.
(c) Find octahedral shear stress for the given state of stress.
(d) Find the principal strains for the given state of stress.
(e) Draw Mohrs circle of stress and strains.
Use proper comments to define the input and output arguments, variables used and the
calculations performed.
Solution:

function [s1,s2,s3,tmax,toct,e1,e2,e3]=qxn5(sxyz,E,v)
% s1, s2 and s3 are principle stresses
% tmax = max. Shear stress
% toct = octahedral shear stress
% e1, e2 and e3 are principle strains
% sxyz is the stress tensor
% E is the modulus of elasticity
% v is the poison's ratio
% s is Eigen vector of stresses
s = eig(sxyz);
s1 = max(s);
s3 = min(s);
% If condition is used to find the s2
if (s(1)>s3 && s(1)<s1)
s2 = s(1);
elseif (s(2)>s3 && s(2)<s1)
s2 = s(2);
else
s2 = s(3);
end

% For max. Shear stress

tmax = (s1-s3)*0.5;

% For octahedral shear stress

toct = ((((s1-s2)^2)+((s2-s3)^2)+((s3-s1)^2))^0.5)/3.0;

% For Principal Strains

% G is the modulus of rigidity
G = E/(2.0*(1.0+v));
% sx,sy,sz are the normal stresses
% sxy,syz,szx as the shearing stresses
sx = sxyz(1,1);
sy = sxyz(2,2);
sz = sxyz(3,3);
sxy = sxyz(1,2);
syz = sxyz(2,3);
szx = sxyz(3,1);
% ex,ey,ez are the normal strains

% exy,eyz,ezx are shearing strains

ex = (sx-(v*sy)-(v*sz))/E;
ey = (sy-(v*sx)-(v*sz))/E;
ez = (sz-(v*sx)-(v*sy))/E;
exy = sxy/(2.0*G);
eyz = syz/(2.0*G);
ezx = szx/(2.0*G);
es = zeros(3,3);
% es is the strain tensor
es(1,1) = ex;
es(2,2) = ey;
es(3,3) = ez;
es(1,2) = exy;
es(2,1) = exy;
es(2,3) = eyz;
es(3,2) = eyz;
es(1,3) = ezx;
es(3,1) = ezx;
% e is the Eigen strain vector
% e1, e2, e3 as the principal strains
e = eig(es);
e1 = max(e);
e3 = min(e);
% If condition is used to find the e2
if (e(1)>e3 && e(1)<e1)
e2 = e(1);
elseif (e(2)>e3 && e(2)<e1)
e2 = e(2);
else
e2 = e(3);
end

% MOHR CIRCLE FOR STRESS

% r12 = radius of circle b/w s1 and
% r13 = radius of circle b/w s1 and
% r23 = radius of circle b/w s2 and
% c12 = centre of circle b/w s1 and
% c13 = centre of circle b/w s1 and
% c23 = centre of circle b/w s2 and
r12 = (s1-s2)*0.5;
r13 = (s1-s3)*0.5;
r23 = (s2-s3)*0.5;
c12 = (s1+s2)*0.5;
c13 = (s1+s3)*0.5;
c23 = (s2+s3)*0.5;
subplot(2,1,1);
x = linspace(s2,s1,101);
y = (r12^2 - (x-c12).^2).^0.5;
plot(x,y);
hold;
x1 = linspace(s3,s1,101);
y1= (r13^2 - (x1-c13).^2).^0.5;
plot(x1,y1);
x2 = linspace(s3,s2,101);
y2 = (r23^2 - (x2-c23).^2).^0.5;

s2
s3
s3
s2
s3
s3

plot(x2,y2);
xlabel('Normal stress')
ylabel('Shear stress')
title('Mohr Circle of Stress');

% MOHR CIRCLE FOR STRAIN

% re12 = radius of circle b/w e1 and
% re13 = radius of circle b/w e1 and
% re23 = radius of circle b/w e2 and
% ce12 = Centre of circle b/w e1 and
% ce13 = Centre of circle b/w e1 and
% ce23 = Centre of circle b/w e2 and
re12 = (e1-e2)*0.5;
re13 = (e1-e3)*0.5;
re23 = (e2-e3)*0.5;
ce12 = (e1+e2)*0.5;
ce13 = (e1+e3)*0.5;
ce23 = (e2+e3)*0.5;
subplot(2,1,2);
xe = linspace(e2,e1,101);
ye = (re12^2 - (xe-ce12).^2).^0.5;
plot(xe,ye);
hold;
x1e = linspace(e3,e1,101);
y1e= (re13^2 - (x1e-ce13).^2).^0.5;
plot(x1e,y1e);
x2e = linspace(e3,e2,101);
y2e = (re23^2 - (x2e-ce23).^2).^0.5;
plot(x2e,y2e);
xlabel('Normal strain')
ylabel('Shear strain')
title('Mohr Circle of strain');

end

e2
e3
e3
e2
e3
e3

s1 =50
s2 =25
s3 = -75
tmax = 62.5000
toct =54.0062
e1 = 0.0030
e2 = 0.0015
e3 = -0.0045