(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.

6m; CTC-150cm

TECHNICAL CALCULATION OF SEGMENTAL PC I BEAM FOR BRIDGE

SPAN (ctc)
L=
20.00
M
I. DATA

0.3

L=
=

Beam length
Beam spacing (s)
Concrete Slab thickness (CIP)
Asphalt thickness
Deck slab thickness
Cross Section
H
=
A
=
B
=
tweb =

20.00 M

=
=
=
=

0.3

20.60
1500.00
200.00
50.00
70.00

m
mm
mm
mm
mm

75
75
100
125

mm
mm
mm
mm

( edge anchor to edge anchor :

mm
mm
mm
mm

tfl-1
tfl-2
tfl-3
tfl-4

=
=
=
=

m)

A
tfl-1
tfl-2

t
t
tweb

1250
350
650
170

20.30

tfl-3

tfl-4

t
B

II. MATERIAL
2.1 Concrete
Beam

Slab

25.0

Compressive strength

[N/mm ]

at service

fc' =

40.0

at initial
80% fc'
Allowable stress
Allowable stress at initial (SNI T-12-2004 )

fc'i =

32.0

[N/mm ]

0.6 * fc'i =

19.2

[N/mm ]

Tensile
0.25 * Sqrt(fc'i) =
Allowable stress at service . (SNI T-12-2004)

1.4

[N/mm ]

Compressive

2
2

0.45 * fc' =

18.0

11.3

[N/mm ]

Tensile
Modulus of elasticity

0.5 * Sqrt(fc') =

3.2

2.5

[N/mm ]

Concrete unit weight

wc =

2500.0

2500.0

[kg/m ]

Ec = wc *0.043*sqrt(fc') =

33994.5

26875.0

[N/mm ]

Compressive

1.5

1.5

Eci = wc *0.043*sqrt(fci') =

2
2

30405.6

[N/mm ]

4.4

[N/mm ]

Concrete flexural tension strength (fr)

f r = 0.7*sqrt(fc') =

2.2 Prestressing Cable

[Uncoated stress relieve seven wires strand]
( ASTM A 416 Grade 270 Low Relaxation or JIS G 3536 )
- Diameter strand
dia
:
12.7

[mm]
2

[mm ]

- Eff. Section area

Ast

- Modulus of elasticity

Es

: 1.93E+05

[N/mm ]

- Ultimate tensile strength

fu

[N/mm ]

2.3 Steel Reinforcement

- Diameter

98.78

1860

2
2

dia

13

[mm]

- Eff. Section area

Ast

132.7

[cm ]

- Modulus of elasticity

Es

: 2.10E+05

[N/mm ]

- Yield stress

fy

[N/mm ]

400

2
2

page 1 / 14
3
2

5
4

Ya'

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

III. SECTION ANALYSIS

Remark :

Ep 1 =

33994

[N/mm ] [Girder]

Ep 2 =

26875

[N/mm ] [Slab]

5
4

n = Ep 2 / Ep 1
n=
0.79

Ya'

Ya

1
2

Yb

Yb'

Base Line

PRECAST BEAM

COMPOSITE BEAM

3.1 Precast Beam

[in mm ]
Zone

6
5
4
3
2
1
Total

Section

Width

Area

Height

Bottom

Upper

mm

0.0
75.0
75.0
875.0
100.0
125.0
1250.0

150.0
350.0
170.0
170.0
650.0
650.0

150.0
350.0
350.0
170.0
170.0
650.0

Level

Yb

mm

mm

0
26250
19500
148750
41000
81250
316750

1250
1175
1100
225
125
0

1250.0
1212.5
1141.8
662.5
165.2
62.5
519.3

Area

Level

Yb

Area*Yb
mm

Io
mm

Area*d
4

mm

Ix
mm

31828125

12304688

12613184758

12625489445

22265625

8775541

7556605867

7565381408

98546875

9490559896

3049566872

12540126768

6775000

30264228

5140086368

5170350595

5078125

105794271

16955415084

17061209355

164493750

9647698623

45314858949

54962557571

Area*Yb

Io

Area*d

3.2 Composite Beam

[in mm ]
Zone

2
1

Total

Height

Width

Section

Bottom

Upper

mm

200.0
70.0
1250.0
1520.0

1185.9
158.1
650.0

1185.9
158.1
350.0

237171
11068
316750
564989

Ix
4

mm

mm

mm

1320
1250
0

1420.0
1285.0
519.3
912.4

336782571

790569415

61107673140

14222344

4519421.823

1536532796

1541052218

164493750

54962557571

48943588486

1.03906E+11

515498665

55757646408

1.11588E+11

1.67345E+11

Ya (mm)

Yb (mm)

Ix (mm )

731
608
338

519.3
912.4

mm

mm

mm

61898242555

3.3 R e s u m e
[in mm ]
2

Description

Precast Beam
Composite Beam

IV. LOADING
4.1 Dead Load
a. Precast Beam

Area (mm )

[composite]
[precast]

c. Deck slab
d. Asphaltic

Wb (mm )

54962557571

75220826

105836180

167345440830

275422726

183411337

495698974

2.50 =

0.791875

[t/m'] =

7.77

[kN/m']

q2 =

0.314 x
2.50 =
g
q3 = Ac deck slab x s

0.785

[t/m'] =

7.70

[kN/m']

q3 =

0.2275

[t/m'] =

2.23

[kN/m']

0.317 x

g
q2 = Ac slab CIP x conc. slab

0.0910 x
2.50 =
g
q4 = Ac asphaltic x s
q4 =

e. Diaphragm

Wa (mm )

g
q1 = Ac precast girder x conc. Precast
q1 =

b. Slab

316750
564989

0.08 x

2.20 =

0.165

[t/m'] =

1.62

[kN/m']

0.20 x

2.40 =

0.49167

[ton'] =

4.82

[kN']

g
= Vol diaph with 0.15m thickness x diaph

note :
Number of diaph =
4
pcs
Diaph. placement
1
2
3
Location
0
6.6666667 13.333333
Support Va
4.82
3.21
1.61
Mid Moment
0.00
16.07
16.07
Total Diaphragma Flexural Moment at Middle Span
eqivalen load q diaphragm
q5=

4
20
0.00
0.00
32.14
0.64

from kg to N, multiply by 9.8060

kN.m
[kN/m']
page 2 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

4.2 Live Load

Taken from "Pembebanan Untuk Jembatan RSNI T-02-2005"

4.2.1. "T" Loading (Beban Truk)

Item
P1
Unit
Load
225
kN
Impact
1.3
LL + I
292.5
kN
Distance
6.000
m
Va
204.75
kN
Va
kN
M max
kN-m
DF = S/3.4
M x DF
kN-m

P2
225
1.3
292.5
10.000
146.25

P3
50
1.3
65
15.000
16.25

M.max di x =
10.000 m
DLA =
30%
Impact = 1 + DLA = 1.3

367.25
2502.50

0.441
1104.044

50kN

225kN

225kN

4.2.2. "D" Loading (Beban Lajur)

Taken from "Pembebanan Untuk Jembatan RSNI T-02-2005"
Load type :

Distribution Load Chart :

Dynamics Load Factored Chart :

Line Load (D load)

a. Dynamic Load Allowance [DLA]

DLA = 1 + 0,4
=
DLA = 1 + (0.0025*span+0.175)
DLA = 1 + 0,3
=
=
=

b. Knife Edge Load (KEL)

c. Distribution Factor (DF)
d. Distribution Load
2
q =
9.00 kN/m

q = 9 kN/m
2
q = 9 x(0,5+15/span)kN/m

which :

1.40
1.30
49.00
1.00

Span <= 50 m
50 < Span < 90 m
Span >= 90 m

[kN/m']

for

Span <= 30 m
Span > 30 m

e. Live load
Distribution load, qudl = DF x q x s
KEL,

PKEL

=
1.00
x
9.00
= DF x DLA x KEL x s
=

1.00

1.40

x
x

1.50
49.00

1.50

13.50

[kN/m']

102.90

[kN']

M.max at 0.5 span =

10.00 m
Va =
186.45 kN
M LL =
1189.5 kN.m
RESUME : Moment force cause by D Loading is bigger than Truck Loading

page 3 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

V. MOMENT ANALYSIS
[in kN-meter ]
Mid
Sec 1-1
Sec 2-2
Sec 3-3
span
0.00
4.70
8.20
DL
Precast beam
388.26
0.00
279.20
375.68
Subtotal
388.26
0.00
279.20
375.68
DL
Slab
384.89
0.00
276.77
372.42
ADL
Asphaltic Layer
80.90
0.00
58.17
78.28
SDL
Diaphragm+Deck Slab
143.69
0.00
103.32
139.03
Subtotal
609.47
0.00
438.27
589.72
LL
Distribution load
675.00
0.00
485.39
653.13
KEL
514.50
0.00
369.98
497.83
Subtotal
1189.50
0.00
855.37
1150.96
Total (DL + LL)
2187.23
0.00
1572.83
2116.36
Ultimate total
3441.58
0.00
2474.84
3330.07
Ultimate total = 1,2*(Beam+Diaphragm+Deck Slab)+1,3*Slab+2*Asphaltic+1.8*(LL+I)
Type

Description

Sec 4-4
11.80
375.68
375.68
372.42
78.28
139.03
589.72
653.13
497.83
1150.96
2116.36
3330.07

Sec 5-5
15.30
279.20
279.20
276.77
58.17
103.32
438.27
485.39
369.98
855.37
1572.83
2474.84

Sec 6-6
10.00
388.26
388.26
384.89
80.90
143.69
609.47
675.00
514.50
1189.50
2187.23
3441.58

Sec 4-4
11.80
-13.98
-13.98
-13.86
-2.91
-5.17
-21.94
-24.30
-60.71
-85.01
-120.93
-199.84

Sec 5-5
15.30
-41.16
-41.16
-40.80
-8.58
-15.23
-64.60
-71.55
-78.72
-150.27
-256.03
-408.33

Sec 6-6
10.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
51.45
51.45
51.45
92.61

(m)

VI. SHEAR ANALYSIS

[in kN]

Sec 1-1
Sec 2-2
Sec 3-3
Mid
span
0.00
4.70
8.20
Precast beam
DL
0.00
77.65
41.16
13.98
Subtotal
0.00
77.65
41.16
13.98
Slab
DL
0.00
76.98
40.80
13.86
Asphaltic Layer
ADL
0.00
16.18
8.58
2.91
Diaphragm+Deck slab
SDL
0.00
28.74
15.23
5.17
Subtotal
0.00
121.89
64.60
21.94
Distribution load
0.00
135.00
71.55
24.30
LL
KEL
51.45
102.90
78.72
60.71
Subtotal
51.45
237.90
150.27
85.01
Total (DL + LL)
51.45
437.45
256.03
120.93
Ultimate total
92.61
688.32
408.33
199.84
Ultimate total = 1,2*(Beam+Diaphragm+Deck Slab)+1,3*Slab+2*Asphaltic+1.8*(LL+I)
Type

Description

(m)

VII. PRESTRESSING CABLE

7.1 Cable Profile
[in: mm ]
Tension

ten-

Nos

Total

JF

don

strand

Edge

Middle

left

right

tension

(kN)

0
0
0
0
1
2

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

12
12

600
300

220
100

24

450.00

160.00

0%
0%
0%
0%
75%
75%
75%

0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%
0%

0%
0%
0%
0%
75%
75%
75%

0
0
0
0
1654
1654
3307

total

Profile

Parabolic curve (Average of Strand's position vertically from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis ))
2

Y = A.x + B.x + C
where :

A = Constanta : ( (Ymiddle + Yedge)/(L/2) )

A=

0.002815

B = Constanta : ( L x A )
B = -0.057143
C = Average of strand's position when the parabolic curve reach the Y axis
Average of Strand's position vertically
from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis )
2
+
Y = 0.002815 X
-0.057143
X +
0.450000
Cable tendon angle :
o
tg = 0.005630 X
+
-0.057143
eccentricity of tendon at middle section
Eccentricity [e]
=
Yb - Ys = 359.32 mm
Yb = Distance of Neutral Axis from the bottom of non composite beam ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )
Ys = Distance of tendon from the bottom of the beam at the middle span ( Chapter 7.1, Cable Profile-middle)
page 4 / 14

0.80
0.60

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

Average of Strand's position vertically from the bottom of beam ( Value for Y axis )
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.20
0.00
0

10

15

20

25

7.2 Losses of Prestress

1. Losses of Prestress (Short Term)
a. Friction
When the jacking force is applied at the stressing end, the tendon will elongate. The elongation will be resisted by friction
between the strand and its sheating or duct. As the result of this friction, force will be decreased with distance from the jacking
end. The friction is comprised of two effects : curvature friction which is a function of the thendons profile, and wooble friction
which is the result of minor horizontal or vertical deviation form intended profile.
The equation
for calculating the loss of prestress due to friction is :
-( .+ k.x)
( AASHTO 1992, Chapt. 9.16.1 )
Px = Po.e
Where :
Px = Prestress force at section distance x from tensile point.
Po = Jacking force ( tensile force at anchor, initial)
= friction coefficient
= Change of cable angle from tensile point to x section
k = Wobble coefficient
x = Distance from tensile point to x section

80.0%
75.0%
70.0%
65.0%
60.0%

Friction and Wooble coeficient for grouting tendon in metal sheating

= 0.20
with Seven Wire Strand :
k = 0.003

0.00

Table of calculation due to Friction

ten-

Nos

don

strand

Edge

Profile
Middle

from UTS

% JF

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
2

12
12

600
300

220
100

total

24

450.00

160.00

0%
0%
0%
0%
75%
75%
75%

(rad)

0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00369
0.00194
0.00281

10.00

20.00

30.00

Prestress tendon section

0
0
0
0
-0.0748768
-0.0394089
-0.0571429

0.000
0.000
0.000
0.000
0.149
0.079
0.114

Prestress force (Px) = % UTS

10.15
20.30
0.00%
0.0%
0.00%
0.0%
0.00%
0.0%
0.00%
0.0%
70.61%
68.5%
71.61%
69.5%

0.00
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
75.0%
75.0%
75.0%

71.1%

69.0%

b. Anchor set
Tendons are typically anchored with two piece, conical wedges. When the tension applied by the jack is released, the strand
retracts pulling the wedges in to the anchorage device and locks the strand in place. The lost in elongation is small . It depend on
the wedges, the jack and the jacking procedure. This lost in elongation is resisted by friction just as the initial elongation is
resisted by friction.
Exact calculation is typical done as an iterative process as follows :
1. Calculated loss of prestress per length with assuming a linear variation in prestress at start to end of tendon
= Loss of prestress per length
= Fpu . (P at JF - P at end of tendon) / distance JF to end of tendon
2. Assuming drawn-in ().
3. The length, x, over which anchorage set is effective is determined as followos :
x = Sqrt ( Es . / )
effective anchorage set point position :
Cable change
angle point

Cable change
angle point
Anchorage
set area

X (effective anchorage set)

Anchorage
set area

X (effective anchorage set)

page 5 / 14

angle point

angle point
Anchorage
set area

Anchorage
set area

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

X (effective anchorage set)

X (effective anchorage set)

4 Check Assuming drawn-in (). The displacement of jacking end of tendon should be equal with assumption
= Anchorage set area x Ult. Tensile Stress / Modulus Elasticity of PC Strand
= Aset . Fpu / Es
= equal with assumption (trial)
Table of calculation due anchor set

draw in
tenNos
don

strand

0
0
0
0
1
2

0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12.0
12.0
24

total

From left side

From right side

after anchorage set = % UTS

10.15
20.30
0.00%
0.0%
0.00%
0.0%
0.00%
0.0%
0.00%
0.0%
68.13%
68.5%
68.52%
69.5%

Mpa/mm
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00000
0.00596
0.00507

mm
0.00
8.00
8.00
8.00
8.00
8.00

X (m)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16.09
17.45

Px (% UTS)
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
69.37%
70.07%

X (m)
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00

Px (% UTS)
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%
0.00%

0.00
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
0.0%
63.7%
65.1%

0.00552

8.00

16.77

69.72%

0.00

0.00%

64.44%

68.33%

AVERAGE LOSSES OF PRESTRESS

LOSSES OF PRESTRESS
DUE TO ANCHORAGE SET

75.0%

80.0%
75.0%

70.0%

70.0%

68.33%

65.0%

65.0%

60.0%
55.0%
0.00

10.00
20.00
Prestress tendon section

68.98%

69.86%
69.58%
68.98%

64.44%

60.0%

30.00

0.00

5.00
10.00
15.00
20.00
Prestress tendon section

25.00

c. Elastic Shortening ( ES )
Elastic shortening refers to the shortening of the concrete as the postensioning force is applied.
As the concrete shorterns, the tendon length also shortens, resulting in a loss of prestress.
The following simplified equation to estimate the appropriate amount of prestress loss to attribute to elastic shortening
for member with bonded tendons :
ES = Kes . Es . fcir / Eci
where:
Kes =
0.50 for post-tensioned members when tendon are tensioned in sequential order to the same tension
ES = Elastic modulus of tendon material
Eci = Elastic modulus of the concrete at the time of prestress transfer
fcir = concrete stress at the centre of gravity of prestressing tendons due to prestressing force at transfer and the self weight of
the member at the section of maximum positive moment
2.30%
Assumption Losses due ES
Total
prestressing
force
at
release
Pi =
68.3% - 2.30% =
Pi =
66.02% UTS x nos x Aps =

2911.3893 kN

fcir = Pi / A + Pi. ec / I + Mg.ec/I

13.49 N/mm2
fcir =
so,

ES =

42.82 N/mm2,

percent actual ES losses = Es/fpu

2.30%

equal with losses assumption

2. Losses of Prestress ( Long Term )

d. Shrinkage ( SH )
SH = 8,2*e-6*Ksh*ES*(1-0,06*V/S)*(100-RH)

(ACI 318-95, Chapt. 18.6)

1.63%
percent actual SH losses = SH/fpu

SH =
30.33 N/mm2
Where :
The factor Ksh account for the shringkage that will have taken place before the prestressing applied.
for postensioning members, Ksh is taken from the following table :
Days
1
3
5
7
10
20
30
Ksh
0.92
0.85
0.8
0.77
0.73
0.64
0.58

60
0.45

"days" is the number of days between the end of moist curing and the application of prestress.In a structures
that are not moist cured, Ksh is typiclly based on when the concrete was cast
Ksh =
0.64
V/S =
RH =

0.08
70.00

Volume =

6.53 m

Surface =

80.43 m

page 6 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

e. Creep ( CR )
Over time, the compresive stress induced by postensioning causes a shortening of the concrete member. The increase in
strain due to a sustained stress is refered to as creep. Loss of prestress due to a creep is nominally propotional to the net
permanent compresive stressin the concrete. the net permanent compressive stress is the initial compressive stress in the
concrete due to the prestressing minus the tensile stress due to self weight and superimposed deadload moments
CR

= Kcr*(Es/Ec)*(fcir-fcds)

CR

(ACI 318-95, Chapt. 18.6)

4.72%
percent actual CR losses = CR/fpu

87.87 N/mm

Where :

Kcr =
1.60 (for postensioned member)
fcir = stress at center point prestress force, initial condition
fcir
Msd
Msd
fcds

=
13.492 N/mm
= Moment due to all superimposed permanent dead loads applied after prestressing
=
609.47
kN.m
= Stress in a concrete at the cgs of the tendon due to all superimposed dead load
2

fcds 1 = Msdl.e/I =

3.46 N/mm

fcds 2 = Madl.e/Ic =

0.36 N/mm

component of fcd due to load on the plain beam

component of fcd due to load on the composite beam

2

3.82 N/mm

fcds = fcds 1 + fcds 2 =

f. Steel Relaxation ( RE )

Relaxation is defined as a gradual decrease of stress in a material under constant strain. In the case of steel, relaxation is
the result of permanent alteration of the grain structure. The rate of relaxation at any point in time depends on the stress
level in the tendon at that time. Because of other prestress losses, there is a continual reduction of tendon strss; this
causes a reduction in the relaxation rate.
The equation for prestress loss due to relaxation of tendons is :
RE = [ Kre - J*(SH+CR+ES) ] *C
(ACI 318-95, Chapt. 18.6)
2
0.99%
RE =
18.48 N/mm
percent actual RE losses = RE/fpu
Where :

Kre =
J =
C =

5000.00 (for 270 grade, low relaxation strand)

0.04 (for 270 grade, low relaxation strand)
0.66
for fpi/fpu =
0.683

RESUME DUE TO SHORT & LONG TERM LOSSES

I. Short Term Losses
Losses
Section
Elastic
Total
Friction Anchor set
Shortening Losses (%)
x (m)
(ES)
0.00
75.00%
64.44%
62.14%
12.86%
0.00
75.00%
64.44%
62.14%
12.86%
0.00
75.00%
64.44%
62.14%
12.86%
0.00
75.00%
64.44%
62.14%
12.86%
0.00
75.00%
64.44%
62.14%
12.86%
10.15
71.11%
68.33%
66.02%
5.09%
16.09
69.86%
69.86%
67.56%
2.30%
17.45
69.58%
69.58%
67.27%
2.30%
20.30
68.98%
68.98%
66.68%
2.30%
UTS

II. Long Term Losses

Steel
Total Losses
Relaxation
(%)
(SR)
54.79%
20.21%
54.79%
20.21%
54.79%
20.21%
54.79%
20.21%
54.79%
20.21%
58.68%
12.43%
60.21%
9.65%
59.93%
9.65%
59.33%
9.65%

Shringkage
Creep (CR)
(SH)
60.50%
55.78%
60.50%
55.78%
60.50%
55.78%
60.50%
55.78%
60.50%
55.78%
64.39%
59.67%
65.93%
61.21%
65.64%
60.92%
65.05%
60.32%

Friction

LOSSES OF PRESTRESS DIAGRAM

Anchor set
Elastic Shortening (ES)

80.00%

Shringkage (SH)
Creep (CR)
Steel Relaxation (SR)

75.00%

75.00%
71.11%
68.33%

65.00%

64.44%

64.44%

62.14%
60.50%

62.14%
60.50%

55.78%
54.79%

55.78%
54.79%

66.02%
64.39%
59.67%
58.68%

69.86%
67.56%
65.93%

69.58% 68.98%
67.27% 66.68%
65.64% 65.05%

61.21%
60.21%

60.92% 60.32%
59.93% 59.33%

50.00%
0.00

0.00

10.15

16.09

Prestress tendon section

17.45

20.30

friction Losses equotion :

0 > x > 10.15
75.00% -+ 0.38% x
10.2 > x > 20.30
x - 10.15
71.11% + 0.06% x
Long term Losses equotion :
0 > x > 0.00
54.79% #DIV/0!
0 > x > 10.15
x-0
54.79% + 0.38% x
10.15 > x > 16.09
x - 10.15
58.68% + 0.26% x
16.09 > x > 17.45
60.21% -+ 0.21% x x - 16.0892968
17.45 > x > 20.30
x - 17.4494923
59.93% -+ 0.21% x
page 7 / 14

55.78%
54.79%

55.78%
54.79%

50.00%
0.00

0.00

10.15

16.09

Prestress tendon section

17.45

20.30

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

7.3 Effective Stress Force

Resume Prestressed Force at middle
Condition

short term
long term

Cable

% Losses of
prestress

%UTS
effective
prestress

[kN/mm ]

[mm ]

[kN]

9.0%
16.3%

66.0%
58.7%

1228
1091

2370.72
2370.72

2911.39
2587.37

Asp

stress
2

VIII. STRESS AND DEFFLECTION ANALYSIS

1
2
Beam Segment
4.70
3.50
Length (m)
Additional length at the end of the beam =

3.60

3.50

4.70

0.00

0.00

0.00

0.30

Total Length =

20.60

8.1 Stress at initial

Description

Moment DL
Jacking Force
Losses due to friction
Pi
e (eccentricity)
Pi.e
Moment Net.
Pi / A

Middle

SEC 1-1

SEC 2-2

SEC 3-3

SEC 4-4

SEC 5-5

x - [m]

Span

0.00

4.70

8.20

11.80

15.30

10.00

[kN.m]
[kN]
%
[kN]
[m]
[kN.m]
[kN.m]

388.26
3307.15
4%
3180.43
0.359
-1143
-755

0.00
3307.15
0%
3307.15
0.078
-257
-257

279.20
3307.15
2%
3247.59
0.280
-910
-631

375.68
3307.15
3%
3203.24
0.350
-1122
-746

375.68
3307.15
4%
3182.03
0.350
-1114
-739

279.20
3307.15
4%
3189.45
0.280
-894
-615

388.26
3307.15
4%
3180.43
0.359
-1143
-755

[N/mm ]

10.04

10.44

10.25

10.11

10.05

10.07

10.04

[N/mm ]

-10.03

-3.42

-8.39

-9.92

-9.82

-8.17

-10.03

Allow.

[N/mm ]
top ( T )

7.13

2.43

5.96

7.05

6.98

5.81

7.13

stress

bot ( B )

0.01

7.02

1.87

0.19

0.23

1.90

0.01

-1.4

17.17

12.87

16.21

17.16

17.03

15.88

17.17

19.2

2
2

M / Wa

M / Wb
Initial Stresses

8.2 Stress at service

> Load of precast, slab, diaphragm and prestress
> Live load and asphalt by composite
Description
Middle
x - [m]
Span
Moment DL
[kN.m]
916.83
Total Losses
%
16%
effective prestress P
[kN]
2584.83
P.e
[m]
-928.77
Moment --- M1
[kN.m]
-11.95
Moment --- M2
[kN.m]
1270.40
2

P/A

SEC 1-1
0.00
0.00
20%
2415.87
-188.02
-188.02
0.00

SEC 2-2
4.70
659.29
18%
2495.28
-699.29
-40.00
913.54

SEC 3-3
8.20
887.12
17%
2554.42
-894.55
-7.43
1229.24

SEC 4-4
11.80
887.12
16%
2606.18
-912.68
-25.55
1229.24

( = M1 )
( = M2 )
SEC 5-5
15.30
659.29
15%
2646.09
-741.56
-82.27
913.54

SEC 6-6
10.00
916.83
16%
2584.83
-928.77
-11.95
1270.40

[N/mm ]

8.17

8.17

8.17

8.17

8.17

8.17

8.17

M 1 / Wa

[N/mm ]

-0.16

-2.50

-0.53

-0.10

-0.34

-1.09

-0.16

M 1 / Wb

[N/mm ]

0.11

1.78

0.38

0.07

0.24

0.78

0.11

M 2 / Wa'

[N/mm ]

2.56

0.00

1.84

2.48

2.48

1.84

2.56

Allow.

[N/mm ]
slab ( S )

-6.93

0.00

-4.98

-6.70

-6.70

-4.98

-6.93

stress

4.61

0.00

3.32

4.46

4.46

3.32

4.61

11.3

top ( T )
bot ( B )

10.57

5.67

9.48

10.55

10.31

8.92

10.57

18.0

1.35

9.94

3.57

1.54

1.71

3.96

1.35

-3.2

2
2
2
2

M 2 / Wb'
Stress at Service
2

[kg/cm ]
Note :

by PC Beam

SEC 6-6

Moment DL =
Moment Bal =
Moment Net =
Pi =
P=
M=
A=
Wa =
Wb =
Wa' =
Wb' =

Moment due to dead load ( Chapter V - Moment Analysis )

Moment due to uniform load in balance condition ( Chapter 7.4 - Effective Stress Force )
( Moment DL + Moment Bal )
Initial Prestress ( at transfer condition - chapt. 7.4. Effective Stress Force )
Prestress at service condition.. ( Chapter 7.4 -effective Stress Force )
Moment Net.
Total Area of Precast Beam ( Chapter 3.1 - Precast Beam)
Modulus Section for Top section of Precast condition
Modulus Section for Bottom section of Precast condition
Modulus Section for Top section of composit Condition. ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )
Modulus section for bottom section of composite condition . ( Chapter 3.3 - Resume )

page 8 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

Stress diagram at center span :

1. STRESS DIAGRAM AT INITIAL
Pi/A = 10.04 MPa

stop = 0.01 MPa

M/Wa = -10.03 MPa

Pi/A = 10.04 MPa

sbottom = 17.17 MPa

M/Wb = 7.13 MPa

2. STRESS DIAGRAM AT SERVICE

sslab = 4.61 MPa

P/A = 8.17 MPa

M1/Wa = -0.16 MPa

P/A = 8.17 MPa

stop = 10.57 MPa

M2/Wa'= 2.56 MPa

M1/Wb = 0.11 MPa

M2/Wb'= -6.93 MPa

sbottom = 1.35 MPa

8.3 Deflection
8.3.1 Chamber due to Prestress Load
Deflection on middle section :

l
P

ee

pi= [ee+(5/6)(ec-ee)] x (P. l2 /8 Ec Ix)

l/2

pi=

ec

where :
l/2

P=
Eci =
Ixi =
l=
ee =

-27.09 mm
Prestress force
Modulus Elasticity of Concrete
Section Inertia
length of anchor to anchor
Distance between c.g of strand and
c.g of concrete at end

ec = Distance between c.g of strand and

c.g of concrete at centre

8.3.2 Deflection at initial, erection and service condition (based : PCI handbook 4.6.5 Long-Time Chamber Deflection)
Deflection () on simple span structure :
where :
q = Uniform Load
4
q= (5/384)*q*L /Ec Ix)
P = Point Load
3
p= P.l /48 Ec Ix
l = Beam Span
Deflection calculation table : Estimating long-time cambers and deflections
Loading
WORKING LOAD
(1)
Release
q (kN/m)
P (kN)
-27.09
1. Due to Prestress force
9.68
2. Due to beam weight (DL)
7.77
-17.41
2.87
3. Due to ADL
4. Due to Composite overtoping

7.70

4. due to asphaltic (SDL)

1.62

5. due to Live Load = UDL + KEL

13.50

Resume of deflection :
1. Deflection at service
2. Deflection due to Live Load
3. Total deflection with LL

=
=
=

Long time cambers and deflection

(2)
Erection
multipliers
-48.76
2.20 x (1)
17.91
2.40 x (1)
-30.85
3.20
3.00 x (2)
-27.65
8.58
2.30 x (2)
-19.06

multipliers
1.80 x (1)
1.85 x (1)

Service

-59.60
23.23
-36.36
9.61
-26.75
19.74
-7.01
0.59
-6.42
7.96
1.54

102.90

-6.42 mm
7.96 mm < allow. deflection L/800 =
1.54 mm, deflection downward

25 mm

(3)

OK

page 9 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

IX. FLEXURAL STRENGTH AND DUCTILITY

9.1 Steel Index Requirement (SNI Beton 03-2847-2002 pasal 20.8)
Effectif slab width, is minimum length from :
1. Girder web thickness + 16 Slab thickness
=3370 mm
2. Beam Ctc
=1500 mm . Control
=5000 mm
3. Span length / 4
Thus, Effectif slab width is :
Partial Rebar:
fy =
400 MPa
Use
3 Dia.10 mm
As =
235.62 mm2

25.00 MPa
0.85

=1500 mm

at tension area
b web =

d=
1192.0 mm
Partial tension rebar ratio :
t = As / (bweb x d )
t = t . fy / fc

t =
t =

Low Relaxation strand :

MPa
fpu =
1860
Strand stress ratio fpu / fpy =
dp =

for slab with fc' =

Value =

Aps =

Rebar in compresion area is neglected due calculation

c =
0
c =
0

0.00116
0.019

0.9

1360.0 mm

170 mm

value p = 0.28
2
2370.72 mm

Prestress ratio :
p = Aps / (beff x dp )
fps = fpu {1 - p / (p.fpu/fc + d/dp (t-c)))
p = p fps/fc

beff =

1500 mm

p = 0.00116212

fps =
1797.0 MPa
p = 0.08353459
Resume of Steel Index Requirement (SNI Beton 03-2847-2002 pasal 20.8)
p + d/dp (t-c)
0.36
<
0.0998404
<
0.306
Under Reinf, Meet With Steel Index Requirement
9.2 Momen Capacity
b. eff
Cc4
Cc3

Zone 4
Zone 3

Zone 2

Tps = Aps . Fps

Tps =
4260264 N

Cc2
a

Cc1

Zone 1

dp

strength reduction factor

= 0.8
Tps=Aps.fps
T = As.fy

COMPOSITE BEAM
Location of Depth of Concrete Compression Block (a) :
hi
wi
Aci=hi.wi
Zone
Conc. Strength fc'i
4
3
2
1

(mm)
133.65534
0.0
0
0

(mm)
1500
335
350
170

(mm2)
200483.01
0
0
0

MPa
25.00
25.00
40.00
40.00

Cci=0.85 fc'i.Aci
N
4260264
0
0
0

CIP Slab
CIP Slab
Beam
Beam

Depth of Concrete Compression Block is located at zone 4

a = Tps / ( 0.85 x fc'' slab x beff )
Mn = (Tps (dp - comp. point) + As.fy (d - comp. point)
Mn = 4492.2404 kN.m
50 year,so Transient act factor = 1
Bridge life time design for
Mn / Mult =
Mult = 1x 3,442kN-m

Comp (i)

a=
Mn =

1.305

Compresion

Point (mm) Point (mm)

67
134
66.83
134
134
133.66 mm
5615.30 kN.m

>1, Moment capacity meet with requirement

9.3 Cracking Capacity

Stress at bottom girder section due to service load ( bot at service) =
Concrete flexural tension strength fr =
Crack Moment, Mcr = (bot at service + fr ) Wb.comp + Momen
Mcr =
Mn / Mcr =

1.35 MPa
4.4 MPa

(DL+ADL+LL+I)

3247.72 kN.m
1.383
> 1.2 ---- Cracking Capacity requirement is achieve
page 10 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

X. SHEAR ANALYSIS
10.1 Shear calculation based on SNI 03-2847-2002
Alternatif solution to calculated shear on prestress element is use for structure element which have effective prestress above 40%
of ultimate tensile stress
MPa
40% Ultimate Tensile Strength
= 744
MPa
Effective Prestress
= 1091
Effective Prestress > 40% fpu
Section Properties :
Ix = 5.496E+10 mm4
Yb = 519.31728 mm
Ag =

Ixcomp = 1.673E+11 mm4

Ybcomp =
912.4 mm

316750 mm2

Load :
Effective prestress Pe =
2587.37 kN
Factored Load :
qult DL + ADL = 26.0096 kN/m
qult LL = 24.3000 kN/m
Pult LL = 185.2200 kN

Unfactored Load :
q DL + ADL =
q sdl =
q DL + ADL =

18.3365
1.6180
19.9545

kN/m
kN/m
kN/m

Concrete Shear resistance contribution (Vc)

Nominal shear strength provide by concrete
Vc = {0.05sqrt(fc') + 5 (Vu.dp/Mu)}bw.d
but nominal strength (Vc) should taken between : (1/6).sqrt(fc').bw.d < Vc < 0.4sqrt(fc').bw.d
and Vu.dp/Mu 1
where :
Mu = Maximum factored moment at section
Vu = Maximum factored shear force at section
d = distance from extreme compresion fiber to centroid of prestress tendon.
But d need not to take n less than 0.8 hcomposite
bw = width of shear section
SNI 03-2847-2002 Pasal 11.1 : Shear force on beam is hold a part by concrete and the rest of force is hold by shear steel.
Concrete contribution (vc), is define as shear force when diagonal cracking appear.
Vn = Vc + Vs
where :
Vn = Nominal Shear force
Vu = Ultimate Shear force
= Shear reduction factor
Vn = Vu /
Vc = Concrete shear contribution
= 0.75
Vs = Shear steel contribution
Zonafication for shear steel stirup calculation
Zone 1
Vn < 0.5 Vc
Zone 2
Vn < Vc+[0.35 or (75/1200) sqrt(fc')] bw d

Zone 3

Vn < Vc+0.33 sqrt(fc') bw d

Zone 4

Vn < Vc+0.67 sqrt(fc') bw d

Zone 5

Vn > Vc+0.67 sqrt(fc') bw d

No need to use stirup

Required stirup spacing with minimum spacing :
S 0.75 H
S (av.fy) / (0.35 bw)
S 600mm
S (av.fy/fpu) (80/Aps) d sqrt(bw/d)
Required stirup spacing with spacing :
S (av.fy.d) / ((Vu/ )-Vc)
S 0.75 H
S 600mm
Required tight stirup spacing with spacing :
S (av.fy.d) / ((Vu/ )-Vc)
S 0.375 H
S 300mm
Section to small, change beam section

Shear rebar steel

page 11 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

400 MPa
2 leg Dia.13 mm

fy =
Use
Av =

265.46 mm2

shear width :
bw = 170
bw-e =

650

Shear steel requirement calculation table :

ecomp
dist.
d=dp>0.8H
Vu
Mu
m
m
m
kN
kN-m
0.1
0.39
0.78
1.7
2
3
4
5
5.5
6.5
7.5
8.5
9.5
10

0.460
0.476
0.497
0.544
0.558
0.602
0.641
0.673
0.688
0.712
0.730
0.743
0.751
0.752

1.07
1.08
1.10
1.15
1.17
1.21
1.25
1.28
1.30
1.32
1.34
1.35
1.36
1.36

682.36
665.23
642.15
587.05
569.17
509.60
450.03
390.46
360.68
301.11
241.54
181.97
122.40
92.61

68.49
261.55
512.77
1070.68
1238.97
1755.21
2202.61
2581.18
2744.66
3019.99
3226.48
3364.14
3432.98
3441.58

mm
mm

dp(Vu/Mu)

Vc
kN

Vn
kN

Vs
kN

Shear
Zonasi

1.00
1.00
1.00
0.63
0.54
0.35
0.26
0.19
0.17
0.13
0.10
0.07
0.05
0.04

964.43
979.14
998.31
680.21
593.65
426.37
337.72
279.84
256.99
218.45
185.83
156.52
128.92
115.39

909.81
886.98
856.20
782.73
758.90
679.47
600.04
520.62
480.90
401.48
322.05
242.62
163.19
123.48

-54.62
-92.17
-142.11
102.52
165.25
253.11
262.33
240.78
223.91
183.03
136.22
86.10
34.28
8.09

2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
2
2

Use Space
mm
600
600
600
600
600
508
505
565
600
600
600
600
600
600

use
mm
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300
300

Shear Steel Requirement Position

kN
2000.0
1800.0
1600.0
1400.0
1200.0
1000.0
800.0
600.0
400.0
200.0
0.0

Zona 1
Zona 2
Zona 3
Zona 4
Vn = Vu/f

beam section point

x (m) from
range
span edge
(m)
S - 75
0
0
S - 100
0
0
S - 125
0
0
S - 150
0
0
S - 200
0
0
S - 250
0
0
S - 300
10
10
total shear rebar per half span (row) =
total shear rebar per span (row) =

Shear Rebar configuration

Shear
Shear
Shear
Shear
Shear
Shear
Shear

spacing
spacing
spacing
spacing
spacing
spacing
spacing

nos shear
(row)
0
0
0
0
0
0
33
33
66

10.2 Horisontal Shear

page 12 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

Width of contact surface area

Effective Height
=
0.75
fy =
400 MPa
Use
2 leg Dia.13 mm

bv =
d=

Area horisontal Shear Steel

Avh =
Horisontal Shear steel Spacing
s=
v =
Horisontal Shear steel ratio
Shear horisontal Nominal
Vnh = (1.8 Mpa + 0.6 v. fy) . bv .d

200 mm
1216 mm

265.46 mm2
300 mm
0.442%

Vnh =
696.00 KN
Requirement for shear horisontal steel :
Vult < f
Vnh < 350 bv.d
Vult = Ultimate shear due to superimposed DL + LL
Vult =
378.26 kN
Vnh =
522.00 kN
RESUME:
3.5 bv d =
851.20 kN
Shear horisontal : OK
Minimal Use :
bys =
200 mm
Spacing =
1540.04 mm or
4 tweb = 680 mm
Avh = 50 by.s / fy
Max. Spacing =
300.00 mm
Avh =
172.375 mm2/m
min no. Spacing =
67 @ 2D13 for shear horisontal / span
Resume = additional shear horizontal required
XI. END BLOCK DESIGN
Block Anchor dimension
type
b
a

dia hole

(mm)

(mm)

(mm)

165
215
265

165
215
265

51
63
84

7
12
19

Block Area
Concrete Area
2
2
2
A (mm )
A1 (mm ) A2 (mm ) sqrt(A2/A1)
25182.18
43107.75
64683.23

27225
46225
70225

1625000
1950000
2275000

7.73
6.49
5.69

SNI 03-2847-2002 Pasal 11.3.2 (Anchorage Zone)

Maximum strand =
12
Anchor Block type =
12
Strand
Load factor =
1.2
Reduction factor () =
0.9
1. End Bearing
Ultimate Point Load
Pu = min (1.2 x nStrand x Astrand x %JF x fpu , nstrand x Astrand x 96% x fpu)
Pu =
1984.3
kN
End Bearing stress :
Nominal concrete comp. :
comp =
Pu / A
fci =
32.00 Mpa
comp =
46.03
MPa
min(2, sqrt(A2/A1)) =
2.0
Nominal fci = x 0.7 x fci x min(2,sqrt (A2/A1))
> comp =
Nominal fci =
40.32
46.03 MPa
ten-

Nos

Anchor

don

strand

Height

sheath
hole

( ai )
mm

0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0

1
2

12
12

215
215

63
63

Ult. Point
Load
(Pu)
kN

Block
Area
(A)
mm2

End Bearing
Stress
(EBS=Pu/A)
Mpa

Nominal
comp. fci

1984.29
1984.29

43107.75
43107.75

46.03
46.03

40.32
40.32

Remark

Mpa

EBS > Nominal compresion (not good)

EBS > Nominal compresion (not good)

page 13 / 14

(16153) PC I H-125cm; L-20.6m; CTC-150cm

2. Stirrup and Spaling Reinforcement

Load factor =
1.2
Reduction factor () =
0.85
fy =
400
MPa
Bursting Steel
Diameter closed stirup =
13 mm
Stirup Area =
132.7 mm2
tenNos
Anchor
sheath
Jacking
don
strand
Height
hole
Force

End
Bearing
(EBS)
Mpa

EBS/0.7

(fcc'-fci)/4.1

fcc'
Mpa

fl
Mpa

kN

Bursting
Area
(Abs)
mm2

1653.5772
1653.5772

43107.75
43107.75

38.36
38.36

64.47
64.47

7.9
7.9

3.96%
3.96%

( ai )
mm

0
0
0
0
1
2

fl / 0.5 fy

sp
(mm)

0
0
0
0
12
12

total

215
215

63
63

62.4
62.4

24

Anchor Zone Stirup

JF Load =

3307.15 kN

Ult. JF =

a1 =

430.00 mm

H=

1250 mm

3968.59 kN
T bursting = 0.25 Ult.JF (1-a1/H)

d bursting = 0.5(h-2e)

T bursting = 650.84799 kN

d bursting = 694.317285 mm

Diameter closed stirup =

No. Leg of stirrup =
Stirup Area =

13 mm
4 leg
530.9 mm2

Anchor Stirup Rebar = T bursting / 0.5 fy

Anchor Stirup Rebar =
3254.2 mm2
use no of stirup =
7 pcs

Spalling Rebar
Spalling Force = 2% JF
Spalling Force =
66.1 kN
Diameter closed stirup =
Stirup Area =
use no of stirup =

13 mm
132.7 mm2
3 pcs

XII. SHEAR KEY ANALYSIS (FOR SEGMENTAL BEAM ONLY)

item
x

Unit
(m)

SEC 2-2
4.7

SEC 3-3
8.2

at initial stage (Only Beam SW)

top
(Mpa)
1.87
0.19
bot
(Mpa)
16.21
17.16
n
(Mpa)
9.04
8.68
Ajoint
(mm)
212500
212500
Vj
(kN)
624.3
599.3
Vult
(kN)
49.4
16.8
Vj / Vult
12.6
35.7
at Service stage (all DL and Live Load)
top
(Mpa)
9.48
10.55
bot
(Mpa)
3.57
1.54
n
Ajoint
Vj

(Mpa)
6.52
(mm)
212500
(kN)
450.5
Vult
(kN)
408.3
Vj / Vult
1.1
Shear steel Pin Requirement

6.04
212500
417.3
199.8
2.1

Exceed Shear
Min. Shear pin
Steel shear pin
Add. shear pin
Total. shear pin

Min.2
236.4
2 Dia.28

Min.2
236.4
2 Dia.28

SEC 4-4
11.8

SEC 5-5
15.3

0.23
17.03
8.63
212500
595.7
16.8
35.5

1.90
15.88
8.89
212500
613.8
49.4
12.4

10.31
1.71

8.92
3.96

6.01
212500
414.9
199.8
2.1

6.44
212500
444.9
408.3
1.1

Min.2
236.4
2 Dia.28

Min.2
236.4
2 Dia.28

the shear load is transferred through the joint by friction

and by the direct shear capacity of the steel shear pin
Shear transfer by joint friction :
Vj = n Ajoint
Vj = . n Ajoint

=
With :
0.5

=
0.65
friction coefficient
n = compressive stress in the joint in MPa
Ajoint = Area under compression

Shear transfer by steel shear pin :

Vpin = 0.6 Apin . fupin
Vpin = 0.6 Apin . fupin
=
With :
0.8
Apin = Steel shear pin
fu pin = Ultimate Tensile strength
Shear steel pin capacity :
Dia
Apin
28

615.8

fu

Vpin

400

118.22

page 14 / 14