Human Motion Tracking using RFID.

Ubaid Saudagar, Naik Awez, Mohammed Rashid, Naik Suheb

Professor Irfan Landge
Department of Electronics Engineering, MHSS College of Engineering,
8, Saboo Siddik Polytechnic Road, Byculla, Mumbai - 08.
University of Mumbai
Abstract- Professors and instructors have come up with parents information system e.g. everyday systems send a SMS
ways to ensure a healthy participation from the students, to all the parents whose children are absent for the day.
and make sure that the “classic” student professor
interactive relationship is kept intact. This in the some cases The system gives you the whole attendance history of a student
may be in simple forms like roll call, while in more on the top of the click. It gives various necessary reports,
interesting cases, can be formats like surprise quizzes, extra maintains various masters are discussed in details following in
credit in class, etc. These things can however be very time- the document. The system can also generate an output which
consuming. In addition to all this, the attendances are can be uploaded on the website regularly so that the parents
entered manually and therefore are error prone. In this also can monitor their children attendance without coming to
paper we show how ‘Human Motion Tracking Using RFID’ the school with their Log-In Id and Password.
is designed to collect and manage Students attendance
records from RFID devices installed in an institutional
environment. The RFID (radio-frequency identification) II. System Overview
system consists of an RFID tag, a reader, and a user-
interface computer. With the help of tag and reader the
student will be tracked and its presence will be shown on
the host computer with the help of Visual Basic software
and their attendance will be recorded in the database.

KEYWORDS- Tag, Reader, Host computer, Visual Basic ,

Database.

I. Introduction

Up until now, class attendance records have been maintained

manually by having students sign next to their names on printed
class lists during class. This method is out dated and time-
consuming, and may be improved by applying technology and
designing an automated electronic class attendance recording
system. Such a system would be of most value to students, who
may make use of system reports and statistics to assess their
own approach to their studies, and be kept informed about
course material covered in classes attended and missed. An
automated attendance recording system would be advantageous
to the lecturer, by providing data on student attendances which
may be correlated with a student’s academic progress.
Figure1. Overview of the system
Components used for the system:
1. RFID Cards (Tags)
Tags used in the system modulate an identification code onto
RF signal and transmit the resulting tag signal at fixed
intervals. Each tag is having a unique identity code (UIC)
which will be recognized by the reader.

Attendance recording is an important aspect of tests and exams, 2. RFID Reader

where a record must be kept of students writing the paper.
Finally, such a system could provide evidence of a student’s The readers used in this system are basically radio frequency
class attendance habits in cases where the University is accused
RF receivers. The receiver antennas receive and process the
by a student of providing insufficient guidance in lectures. In response, and determine the presence of the tags by proximity
such cases, the University holds no liability if it can be showed
and triangulation. The Reader sends data from the antenna to a
that the student was regularly absent from class. Hence a host computer.
system has to be designed which overcomes all these
drawbacks. So in this work we are proposing a system which is
based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification Devices) 3. Software on the computer
which stands to be the most advanced and reliable contact less
technology used all over the world. The system takes care of With the help of tags and readers the student is tracked in the
the attendance of the students every day. It can also create a regions specified, but which student is scanned cannot be
known, hence we are interfacing the hardware with the
software and developing a GUI with the help of Visual Basic
which will show which student is present in which region. The
purpose of using Visual Basic is that it has one of the largest
user bases. With 62% of developers using some form of Visual
Basic, it currently competes with C++ and JavaScript as the
third most popular programming language behind C# and Java.
Visual Basic was designed to be easy to learn and use. The
language not only allows programmers to easily create simple
GUI applications
a. TAG
Description:
- The receiver antenna in that region receives and
processes the response, and determines the presence of
the tag by proximity and triangulation.
- The Reader sends data from the antenna to a host
computer in the control room.
- The presence of the student in the specified region is
shown on the GUI using Visual Basic software.
- Using Microsoft Access which is the backend of VB
students attendance is recorded in the database.

- The student’s old I-cards will get replaced with RFID I-cards
which will be as same as their I-cards having their Name, Photo
and all other details. The layout can be decided by management
of the college.

- The RFID Readers will be installed in different regions say

classroom, library, canteen.

- All readers are networked to the computer via controller and

interfaced using parallel port. Figure2. Circuit diagram of Tag (transmitter)

- When the student enters any of the regions specified, the tag
which is acting as transmitter will transmit the signal which is
to be read by the reader.
-The RFID Reader reads the card data that is card number and
sends to the computer via controller and a green light will glow
indicating that a student has entered in a region.
- As soon as card is read by the reader the computer will show
the Roll No(tag number) of the card holder on the screen for a
while using a software like visual basic and waits for other card
get scanned.
Function of encoder IC HT12E is to generate an identification
code pulse train, depending on jumper setting done on its
address line Pin1 to pin8. Encoder IC generates two pulse trains
one after another using IC555 to eliminate chance of wrong
data transmission because of noise. Resistor connected between
pin 15 & pin 16 decides the frequency at which this pulse train
is generated. Value of this resistor is selected from the design.
In our circuit we are choosing value of 1.2M, for modulating
frequency of 3KHz. This identification pulse train generated by
Encoder is given out by pin17, when transmitter enable pin14 is
grounded. This pulse train is given to RF transmitter module,
which requires only power supply& input data to be
transmitted.

- RFID Reader reads a card within less than a second. b. READER

-The software collects the data, maintains the record of the

student by accessing to the database like Microsoft Access,
SQL server etc.

III. Design methodology

The purpose of an RFID system is to enable data to be transmitted

by a mobile device, called a tag, which is read by an RFID reader
and processed according to the needs of a particular application.

Algorithm :
Figure3. Circuit diagram of reader
- Student enters a region say classroom, library or
As shown in circuit diagram, circuit of receiver contains many
canteen.
different antennas connected at several different places to
- Tag present with the student modulate an
receive signal from active tag. Output of this antenna is fed to
identification code onto RF signal and transmit the
RF receiver module operating at 433MHz .RF receiver receives
resulting tag signal.
all signal present in room & gives this signal to decoder IC
HT12D present in control room at distant location. Decoder’s
function is to compare incoming signal with address present at
its address pins pin1 to pin8. Address to pin1 to pin 8 is fed by
parallel port of PC by software programming in such a way that
one by one all address from 0 to 256 is fed to address input of
decode IC HT12D. Decoder compares this address with
incoming signal from RF receiver if both signal matches it
gives out a valid received signal on its pin 17. This valid signal
is again fed to parallel port of computer, which stores this
information in database along with the address for which it
received this signal and from which decoder , which signifies
the classroom’s from which it received this signal.
[3] United States Patent Application 20020165758 By Hind,
John R.; (Raleigh, NC) ; Mathewson, James M. II; (Chapel
Hill, NC) ; Peters, Marcia L.; (Durham, NC)
[4] Radio Frequency Identification: Applications and
Implications for Consumers. A Workshop Report from the Staff
of the Federal Trade Commission
[5] Leveraging RFID Technology for Intelligent Classroom
Rabie A. Ramadan, Member, IEEE

c. Host computer

With the help of tags and readers the student is tracked in the
regions specified, but which student is scanned cannot be
known, hence interfacing with a host computer is required,
therefore hardware is interfaced with the host computer where
we are using the software (Visual Basic) and developing a GUI
which will show which student is present in which region. Then
to keep a record of student’s attendance Microsoft Access or
SQL server can be used which will act as the backend of the
software.

IV. Results

The main purpose of this work is that we should be able to

track the students of the college and keep a record of their
attendance in order to overcome the manual attendance system.
The presence of the student in different regions will be shown
on GUI. So as soon as a student will enter any region his/her
presence will be displayed on the host computer.

CLASS TAG ID DATE TIME

1 3 14-5-10 9:00:00
1 3 14-5-10 9:10:48
2 2 14-5-10 9:20:29
2 2 14-5-10 9:35:15
3 1 14-5-10 9:48:34
3 1 14-5-10 9:57:51

The database displays the student’s attendance record for the

entire day. Hence the student is tracked using RFID tag and
reader and its presence is shown on the GUI using Visual basic
software and its attendance is recorded using Microsoft Access
as database.

V. Conclusion

From the results we conclude that our objective of tracking the

students and recording their attendance is accomplished.

VI. References

[1] Auto attendance system Scan ID Systems Pvt. Ltd.

[2] Design Of An Automated Class Attendance Recording
System by Carel van Wyk 14543109