Childhood Vaccination Schedule in Laos

Tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob rau me nyuam yaus nyob hauv Lostsuas
Vaccines stimulate your child's immune system to make antibodies against certain viruses and
bacteria. These antibodies protect your child against some common childhood infections.
Vaccine yog tshuaj pab txhawb koj tus nyuam lub zog mus ua tub rog tiv thaiv kab mob rau hauv
nws lub cev xws li hom kab mob vais lav (virus) thiab npev thaws lias (bacteria). Cov tub rog no
yuav tiv thaiv koj tus me nyuam thiab tawm tsam kab mob uas ua rau muaj mob muaj nkeeg.
In Laos the following vaccines are recommended for all children;
Nram no yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob uas peb siv nyob hauv Lostsuas
Vaccine:
tshuaj tiv
thaiv/ vav xis

Given at muab/
txhaj

Protects against : tiv thaiv thiab tawm tsam

BCG

Birth: txhaj thaum

yug

Tuberculosis (TB) : mob ntsws qhuav

HBV

Birth: txhaj thaum

yug

Hepatitis B : ua mob rau daim siab hom B

DTP-HBV-HiB

6,10 and 14 weeks Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis, Hepatitis B, Haemophilus

6, 10 thiab 14 as
Mob txhaw qa, mob kab xeb,mob hnoos qaib, ua mob rau
thiv
daim siab hom B, mob khaub thuas los ntswg

OPV

6,10 and 14 weeks Polio : mob tuag npab tuag ceg

6, 10 thiab 14 as
thiv

MR

9 months 9 hlis

Measles and Rubella : qhua pia ua qoob,mob pob/ tawm

pob

The infectious diseases vaccines can prevent; cov tshuaj vad xis tiv thaiv kab mob muaj li nram no:
Tuberculosis (TB); : mob ntsws qhuav
TB is a chronic bacterial infection usually affecting the lungs but may affect any organ (bones,
brain, kidney, liver). TB is a very disabling infection, it causes fatigue, difficulty breathing, absence
from school and causes 5 million deaths worldwide each year. Malnourished children are
particularly vulnerable and are usually infected by adults they live with who spread the infection via
sputum. Symptoms are chronic cough, weight loss, night sweats and lymph node enlargement.
Treatment is challenging as it requires your child to take 3 different antibiotics for 6 months, and
there is growing resistance to these antibiotics, therefore vaccination can be very beneficial to your
child.
TB yog los ntawm ib hom kab mob hu ua npev thaws lias uas tsim txom koj daim ntsws tau ntev
los lawm, hom kab mob no yuav cuam tshuam tej khoom hauv nrog cev xws li: pob txha, hlwb,
raum, siab. ., ua rau qaug zog, ua pa nyuaj, muaj neeg xws li 5 lab leej neeg nyob thoob ntiaj
teb tau tag sim neej txhua lub xyoo thiab ua rau me nyuam tau tsis mus kawm ntawv. Cov me
nyuam yuag noj zaub noj mov tsis txaus yog cov tshwj xeeb feem ntau raug los ntawm cov neeg
laus hnoos uas muaj hom kab mob TB rau hauv nws cov ntswg. Cov tsos mob yog: Hnoos, poob
cev/ cev nqig, tawm fws yav hmo ntuj thiab tawm qo. Cov tshuaj yuav los kho kab mob TB muaj 3
hom tshuaj tua kab mob siv yees li 6 lub hlis, tiam sis kuj tsis tau zoo txaus. Tseem ceeb yog tshuaj
vav xis zoo dua.
Hepatitis B; : ua mob rau daim siab hom B
Hepatitis B is a virus which is an important cause of liver disease. The virus is transmitted to
children usually from mother to child at birth. In adult the infection can be spread during sex, by IV
drug users who share needles or close family contact e.g. sharing toothbrushes. Infection may

cause no symptoms or can cause yellow jaundice. 30-50% of children infected with hepatitis B will
become long term chronic carriers. Chronic carriers can infect other people and up to 20% of
people with chronic infection will develop liver cirrhosis or liver cancer which causes liver failure
and premature death.
Mob siab hom B yog ib hom mob uas yog los ntawm cov Vais lav uas tsim teeb meem rau koj daim
siab kom ua mob. Cov Vais lav no yog kis los ntawm tus niam mus rau tus me nyuam thaum tus
niam yug tus me nyuam. Kev sib kis ntawm Cov neeg laus yog los ntawm kev sib deev, koom ib
rab koob txhaj tshuaj rau xov ntshav, koom txhuam hniav. Kev sib kis yuav tsis ua tsos mob rau koj
pom, muaj qee zaus kuj pom daj ntseg, 30%-50% ntawm cov me nyuam mob siab hom B yuav coj
hom mob siab B ua ncua ntev mus. Yog tias mob ntev thiab ntev mus tsis tau txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv
20% ntawm cov neeg mob siab hom B , hom mob no yuav tsim txom koj daim siab xws li: daim
siab khov, daim siab tsis ua hauj lwm, mob khes xej thiab muaj feem ua rau koj tag sim neej tau.
Diphtheria; : caj pas o/ mob txhaws qa
Diphtheria is a bacterial throat infection, inflammation of the throat can block the airway, if
breathing stops children can die . The bacteria also produces toxins produced which can damage
the heart or nervous system.
Mob txhaws qa yog kab mob npev thaws lias ua rau koj lub caj pas o/txhaws, yuav ua rau koj lub
caj pas o, thiab ua rau lub caj pas txhaws, yog ua pa tsis tau muaj feem ua rau tag sim neej. kab
mob npev thaws lias no yuav tsim ib kuab tuaj tsim txom koj tej hlab paj hlwb los sis hlab
ntsha/plawv.
Tetanus; kab mob xeb
Tetanus infection is caused by a bacteria which normally lives in the soil, it enters the human body
through cuts in the skin. Infection can cause muscle spasms and paralysis, if the muscles of the
chest wall are affected children can stop breathing which can be fatal or cause permanent brain
damage.
kab mob xwb ib tug npev thaws lias hu tetanus, kab mob no feem ntau nyob rau hauv cov av, hom
kab mob no nkag rau hauv lub qhov txhab thaum ua riam raug tes / raug hlais, tas ntawv mam mus
rau hauv neeg lub cev. Kab mob yuav ua rau cov leeg zawm thiab chua thiab ib ce tuag, yog tias
raug cov nqaij ntshiv ntawm phab hauv siab muaj feem yuav ua rau me nyuam ua tsis taus pa,
neeg tuag taus thiab hlwb puas tsuaj.
Pertussis (Whooping Cough); : mob hnoos qaib
Whooping cough is caused by a bacteria called Pertussis, children under the age of 2 are
especially vulnerable. The infection causes episodes of forceful coughing with a characteristic
whoop noise. Coughing can cause vomiting, fainting, seizures or difficult in breathing.
Hnoos qaib yog ib tug kab mob npev thaws lias hu ua Pertussis, feem ntau yog cov me nyuam 2
xyoos nqis los, cov neeg mob hnoos qaib no yuav hnoos ua ncua ntev ntev thiab thaum hnoos
yuav hnov suab yam li qaib lub suab. Cov tsos hnoos muaj xws li ntuav, tsaus muag, qaug dab peg
thiab ua pa nyuaj.
Polio; : mob tuag npab tuag ceg
Polio is caused by a virus, for most children this is a mild illness but in about 5% of children there
will be a more severe illness. In severe illness the brain can be affected, causing meningitis which
is life threatening, or nerves can be affected which can lead to permanent disability e.g. paralysis
or shortening of a leg.
Polio yog ib hom mob los ntawm ib tug kab mob (virus). Nws nkag ntawm lub qhov ncauj mus rau
hauv lub cev. Nws ib txwm kuj tsis ua rau muaj mob loj. Tab sis qee lub sij hawm nws ua rau tuag
tes tuag taw (tshem txhais caj npab los sis nraim ruam tsis tau), thiab nws tuaj yeem ua rau mob
hlwb ua paug (khaus rau daim tawv qhwv paj hlwb). Nws tseem tuaj yeem tua cov tib neeg tus uas
muaj tus mob no, feem ntau los ntawm cov lees nqaij tsis muaj zog qhov uas pab ua rau nws ua
taus pa.
Kab mob polio tau yog hom mob pom muaj heev nyob rau Teb Chaws Meskas heev. Nws ua rau
tuag tes tuag taw thiab tua neeg ntau txhiab leej tuag hauv ib lub xyoo ua ntej peb muaj tshuaj tiv
thaiv.

Measles; : mob qhua pia

Measles is an infection caused by a virus, for most children it's a mild illness. Some children will
have a severe infection or complications e.g. pneumonia or encephalitis (infection of the brain)
which can lead to death or significant disability e.g seizures.
Mob qhua pia yog hom mob los ntawm cov kab Vais lav measle, cov nyuam mob hom kab mob no
feem ntau tsis tshua pom tsos mob tawm rau peb pom. Muaj qee tus me nyuam kuj pom hnyav
heev, muaj ntau yam mob los raug ua ke xws li mob ntsws, mob hlwb , yog thaum tau cov mob no
lawm yuav ua rau tus me nyuam tuag tau, los sis yuav ua rau tus me nyuam qaug dab peg tau.
Rubella; : ua qoob
Rubella is a mild infection in most children. The significance of this infection is for pregnant women,
if a baby developing in the womb is infected there are potential problems; miscarriage, eye
problems, deafness or heart defects (e.g hole in the heart).
Hom qoob yog ib hom kab mob npev thaws lias, me nyuam feem ntau mob tsis tshua pom ua tsos
mob tawm los. Tus kab mob ua qoob no yog raug rau cov poj niam xeeb tub mas yuav ua taus
teeb meem loj rau tus me nyuam tseem nyob hauv plab. thiab yuav ua rau tus me nyuam yug ua
ntej puv hli, muaj teeb meem rau me nyuam lub qhov muag xws li ua rau tsis pom kev, ua teeb
meem rau me nyuam lub plawv.
Haemophilus influenza B; : mob khaub thuas hom B
This bacterial infection was the most common cause of meningitis in children before the vaccine
was introduced. Meningitis is a very serious infection of the brain which can cause death or
permanent disability e.g seizures, loss of limbs.
Tus kab mob no yog ib tug kab mob uas ua tau ntau yam mob, yam li yuav kis ua mob rau cov
ntshav
thiab ua rau daim plhuag paj hlwb yog mob ntev yuav ua rau tuag tau, mus kev nyuaj tuag tes tuag
taw, qaug dab peg.
Side-Effects of Vaccines : txhaj tshuaj lossis noj tshuaj tas yog muaj tej yam tsos txawv
txav xws li:
Vaccines are very safe medicines. The majority of children have no problems when they have a
vaccine, if there is a problem it is usually simple and lasts only a day or two.
tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob vav xis yog tshuaj zoo heev thiab feem ntau tsis muaj teeb meem rau koj
lub nrog cev. cov me nyuam feem ntau txhaj cov tshuaj no tas tsis tshua muaj teeb meem yog tias
muaj teeb meem thaum txhaj tshuaj tas yuav tawm ib co tsos rau koj pom xws li kub, zawv plab, ...
tabsis yuav zoo sai sai li 1 2 hnub.
Before having a vaccine make sure your child does not have a fever, if there is fever the vaccine
can simply be postponed. A reason not vaccinate your child would be if they had a previous allergic
reaction to a vaccine.
ua ntej yuav txhaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob vav xis rau koj tus me nyuam , yuav tau soj ntsuas
xyuas seb koj tus me nyuam puas kub tso, yog tias koj tus me nyuam muaj kub ib ce lawv yuav
tsis txhaj thiab lawv mam teem ib hnub twg rau koj tus me nyuam tuaj txhaj.
After a vaccine your child may experience/ thaum txhaj cov tshuaj Vav xis tiv thaiv kab mob no tas
koj tus me nyuam lub nrog cev mam nrog tshuaj sib yoog nyob ua ke mus; nram no yog tej yam ua
koj pom thaum txhaj tshuaj tas: ;
1. Soreness or swelling at the site of injection, if this persists longer than 2 days see a doctor or
nurse. yog tias koj pom thaj nqaij uas nkaug koob o, liab thiab ua paug rwj ntau dua 2 hnub kav
tsij maj nroos mus cuag kws kho mob.
2. A mild fever, you can give your child paracetamol if this happens. yog tias koj tus me nyuam
muaj kub dog dig xwb koj muab tshuaj pas las rau nws noj xwb tau lawm.
3. A rash at the site of the injection which can last up to 1 week, if you are concerned see the
doctor or nurse. tawm qoob lossis uas pom ze thaj nqaij txhaj tshuaj cov pob no yuav nyob ntev li 7

hnub mam ploj lossis ntau dua 7 hnub, yog koj txhawj mus cuag kws kho mob tau.
4. Flu-like symptoms are very rare. qee tus me nyuam kuj pom muaj khaub thuas xws li los ntswg,
hnoos, kub cov zoo li no pom muaj tsawg tsawg leej.