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A3phaseacgeneratoriscalledanAlternator.LikeaDCgenerator,italsoconsistsoftwowindings
namely,(1)FieldWinding(2)ArmatureWinding.
However,unlikeinaDCGenerator,itspolesareonrotorandarmaturewindingisonstator.
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Field Winding
ThefieldwindingonpolesrequiresDCcurrentwhichissuppliedbyusingapairofslipringsonthe
shaftandapairofstationarycarbonbrushes.Thenumberofpolesisalwayseven.Allthepolesare
identicalandsymmetricallyfittedontherotorwithalternatepolaritiesi.e.,aNorthpole
isfollowedbyaSouthpolewhichinturnisfollowedbyanotherNorthpoleandsoon.
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Armature Winding
Thestatorismadeupofthinlaminationsofalloy.Laminatedstructureisusedtoreducemagnetic
lossesandalsotoobtainconvenienceintheconstruction.Theselaminations(alsoknownas
stampings)havebeenpunchedaroundtheinternalperipherytoproduceslots.Copperwindingsare
placedintheseslots.ItisknownasArmatureWindingandStatorWinding.Itisathreephase
windinggenerallyinstar.Allthethreeterminalsofthestarconnection,including
thefourthterminaltheneutralarebroughtoutintheterminalboxofthemachine.
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Thegeneratorisdrivenbyitsengineinthecorrectdirectionatitsratedspeed(RPM).DCField
currentisthensuppliedtoitsfieldwindingthroughthebrushandslipringarrangements.Thepoles
FuelInjectionArrangementonLarge
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MarineElectricalTechnologyArchivesPage24of24MarineEngineeringStudyMaterials
producesufficientlystrongmagneticflux.Sincethepolesarerotating,themagneticfieldisalso
rotating.Thearmaturewindingsinthestatorwindingscutthefluxoftherotatingpoles.Therefore
electricpowerisproducedinthestatorwinding.Notethatthefrequencyoftheelectricpoweriskept
constantat50Hz(orat60Hz)bykeepingthegeneratorspeedconstant.
InvestigationonTopEndBearing
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