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INTRODUCTION
As stability of electricity in this modern world is one of the most
human basic want as it provides a comfortable living standard for
we humans and
due
to
the
epileptic power
supply
and
1 Background study
In the whole today electricity is paying an ever increasing role
in human life. More and more electrical and electric gadgets
such as refrigerators, washing machine, mixers, radio and
television
receiver,
audio
and
video
recorders/players,
computer and many others are now used in homes and offices.
All these devices are designed to give that best performance at
the correct line voltage for a single phase supply, the standard
line voltage value can result in degrade performance and
sometimes a total failure equipment.
Normally, it is the
CHAPTER TWO
LITERATURE REVIWE
1 Origin of the project
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voltage fluctuation occur due to voltage drop resulting from current variation in
system in order to eliminate or reduce the damaging effect of this variation there is
need to devise a system capable of handling this problem so as to stop the
damaging effect on household appliances even industrial equipment.
This brought about need for this research work on the design and
construction of a 2KVA Automatic Voltage regulator with a digital display. In
various home and industries appliances malfunction when they are not connected
to a voltage regulator due to the poor supply we got from the public power supply
which is either over voltage or under voltage and if not protect could cause
equipment collapse.
The production of stabilizer or Automatic regulator has passed through many
forms of developmental changes form the manual type, motorized, servo, magnetic
up to the present day digital type. Just to improve on the sophistication in order to
meet the present day challenges on the performance.
The types of AVR that my work is all about is an auto transformer AVR with
micro-control circuit for a fast switching.
The first type of AVR that was developed was step of regulator and this was
invented from the Auto Booster conception in Britain by Torres Chad in the early
1930s. After the step type regulator tap changer. This type is achieved by a
combination of the transformer and the step types regulator. The load tap type is
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often used to provide both regulation and transformation from one voltage level to
another.
In 1969, the LM105 positive voltage regulator was introduced. It provides an
adjustable output voltage form 4.50 to 45V and between 12MA and 45A of load
current. Presently, there are numerous kinds of stabilizers (regulators) which are
used by various electric power consumers for various appliances still the
distribution level resulting in unacceptable low voltage or very high voltage which
is dangerous to the equipment in use. Therefore, it is risky to operate
electrical/electronic equipment in this part of the world without a voltage stabilizer.
2 Historical review
Classifications of Stabilizers
There are basically two classes of stabilizers, which are identities by the types of
output voltage that is produced (generated).
They are:
In the alternating current voltage stabilizers, the input voltage may vary but
gives constant and stable alternating voltage at the output. In present day
society the AC stabilizer is mostly used by consumer of electric power.
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ii.
iii.
Types of Stabilizers
The Various type of stabilizer is:
1.
2.
Automatic voltage
3.
4.
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180 to 250vac
Input frequency
50Hz only
Output voltage
220v + 1%
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