Pure Mathematics

for CAPE
Volume 2

Unit 2
Sample Examination Paper II
Solution Paper
With Mark Scheme

Page 1 of 22

1. (a)
Given that x = 3cos t and y = 4sin t
dx
dy

= 3 sin t and
= 4 cos t
dt
dt

Now

dy dy dt
=
dx dt dx
= 4cos t

Hence

Now

[1]

[1]
1
3 sin t

dy
4
= cot t.
dx
3

[1]

dy
4
= cot
dx t =
3 4
4

dy
4

=
dx t =
3

[1]

When t =

x = 3 cos

and

y = 4 sin

4
4
1
1
x = 3
and
y = 4

2
2
4
3
x=
and
y=
2
2
dy 4
3 4
At t = ,
=
and
,
is a point on the curve.
3
4 dx
2 2
Substituting m =

4
3 4
and
,
into the equation y = mx + c, we have
3
2 2

4
4 3
=
+c
3 2
2
4
4
=
+c
2
2
8
c=
2
c=

2
=4 2

[1]

[1]

2
2

4
Hence, the equation of the tangent is y = x + 4 2 .
3

Page 2 of 22

[1]

Since x = 3 cos t and y = 4 sin t

x 2 = 9 cos 2 t
y 2 = 16 sin 2 t

and

(1)
(2)

y 2 = 16(1 cos 2 t )
= 16 16 cos 2 t
x2
= 16 16 [using (1)]
9

From (2),

[1]

[1]

16 2
x
9
9 y 2 = 144 16 x 2
y 2 = 16

Hence, the Cartesian equation is 16 x 2 +9 y 2 = 144 .

[1]

1. (b)
Given that f(x) = sin 1 x

Let y = sin 1 x
x = sin y

dx

= cos y
dy

(1)

(2)

[1]

From equation (1), x 2 = sin 2 y .

x 2 = 1 cos 2 y

cos 2 y = 1 x 2

cos y = 1 x 2

(3)

[1]

Substituting equation (3) into equation (2) gives

dx
= 1 x2
dy
dy
1

=
dx
1 x2
Hence, f ' ( x) =

1
1 x2

[1]

[1]

Page 3 of 22

Given that g(x) = e 2 x sin 1 x

d
d
g ' ( x) = e 2 x
(sin 1 x) + sin 1 x (e 2 x )
dx
dx
1
= e 2 x
+ sin 1 x(2e 2 x )
2
1 x
2 x
e
=
2e 2 x sin 1 x
2
1 x

1
= e2 x
2 sin 1 x

1 x
1

Hence, g ' ( x) = e 2 x
2 sin 1 x .

2
1 x

[1]
[1]
[1]

[1]

1. (c)

d2 y
dy
Given that
3 10 y = 20 x 6
2
dx
dx

(1)

Using the auxiliary equation

m2 3m 10 = 0
(m 5)(m + 2) = 0
m = 5 or m = 2

5x
yc = c1e + c2 e 2 x
Let yp = ax + b.
dy p
Then
=a
dx
d2 y p
=0
and
dx 2

(2)

(3)

[1]
[1]
[1]

[1]

Substituting equation (2) and equation (3) into equation (1) gives
0 3a 10(ax + b) = 20x 6

3a 10ax 10b = 20 x 6
10ax (3a + 10b) = 20 x 6

Page 4 of 22

Equating coefficients of like powers of x gives

10a = 20
a = 2
and
3a +10b = 6
3(2) +10b = 6

10b = 12
b = 1.2
yp = 2x + 1.2

[1]

[1]

The general solution (y) is given by y = yc + yp.

Hence y = c1e 5 x + c2 e 2 x 2 x + 1.2.

[1]

2. (a) (i)

Given that

2
2
2
2
+
+
+
+
1 3
2 4 35
46

By observation, the general term is given by

Hence nth term =

2
.
n(n + 2)

2
.
n(n + 2 )

[1]

2. (a) (ii)

2
2
2
2
+
+
+
+
1 3
2 4 35
46
n
2
Hence S n =
.
r =1 r(r + 2 )

Let Sn =

[2]

2. (a) (iii)
n

n
2
1
.
= 2
r =1 r(r + 2 )
r =1 r(r + 2 )

Let S n =

A
B
1
.
= +
r(r + 2 )
r r+2
1 = A( r + 2) + B r

[1]

Let

[1]

(1)

Page 5 of 22

When r = 2, from (1), 2B = 1

1
B =
2

[1]

When r = 0, from (1), 2A = 1

1
A=
2

[1]

1
1
1
=

r(r + 2 ) 2r 2(r + 2 )
n

1
r =1 r (r + 2 )
n
1
1
S n = 2
2(r + 2)
r =1 2r

Now S n = 2

[1]

1
1 n 1
= 2

2 r =1 r r + 2
n
1 n 1
=

r =1 r
r =1 r + 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
= + + + + + ...
1 3 2 4 3 5 4 6 5 7
1 1
1
1
+

n 1 n + 1 n n + 2
3
1
1
(by cancellation)
=

2 n +1 n + 2
3
1
1
Hence S n =

.
2 n +1 n + 2

[1]

[1]

[1]
[1]
[1]

2. (b)

3
1
1

2 n +1 n + 2
1
1
3

lim S n = lim

n
n 2
n +1 n + 2
3
1
1

=
0 and
0
as n ,
2
n +1
n+2

3
Hence, the sum to infinity S = .
2
Since S n =

Page 6 of 22

[1]
[1]
[1]

2. (c)
Since x 2 9 = ( x 3)( x + 3)
1
1
2
dx =
dx
(x 3)(x + 3)
x 9

A
B
+
(x 3)(x + 3) x + 3 x 3

1 = A ( x 3) + B ( x + 3)

Let

[1]

(1)

When x = 3, from (1), 1= B(3 + 3)

1
B=
6
When x = 3 , from (1), 1 = A( 3 3)
1
A=
6
1
1
1
=

(x 3)(x + 3) 6(x 3) 6(x + 3)

Now

[1]

x 2 9 dx = (x 3)(x + 3) dx

1
1
dx
dx
6( x 3)
6(x + 3)
1
1
= ln ( x 3) ln ( x + 3) + C
6
6
1 x 3
= ln
+C
6 x + 3
1
1 x 3
Hence 2
dx = ln
+ C.
6 x +3
x 9
=

[1]

[1]

2. (d)

dy
y = x3
dx
dy 1
y = x2
dx x
dy 1
+ y = x2
(1)
dx x
dy
1
+ P ( x ) y = Q ( x ) , where P( x ) = and Q( x ) = x 2
dx
x

Given that x

Page 7 of 22

[1]

1
Now P( x) dx = ( ) dx = ln x
x
1
the integrating factor is e ln x = .
x
Multiplying equation (1) by

[1]

1
, we get
x

1 dy 1
x2
y =

x dx x 2
x
d y

=x
dx x
y

= x dx
x
1
= x2 + C
2
1
y = x 3 + Cx

2
1
Hence y = x 3 + Cx.
2

[1]

[1]

[1]

3. (a) Proof

r3r = 4 [3n (2n 1) + 1] n + .

n

R.T.P

r =1

Let Pn r 3r =
r =1

3 n
3 (2n 1) + 1 .
4

When n = 1,
1

L.H.S.= r 3 r
r =1

= 1(3)
=3

When n = 1,
3
R.H.S.= 31 (2 1 1) + 1
4
3
= (3 + 1)
4
=3

Page 8 of 22

Since R.H.S. = L.H.S., Pn is true for n =1.

Assume that Pn is true for n = k,
k
3
i.e. r 3 r = 3 k (2k 1) + 1 .
4
r =1

[1]

(1)

[1]

When n = k + 1,
k +1

L.H.S. =

r 3r
r =1

= (k + 1)th term +

r 3r
r =1

= (k + 1)3 k +1 + r 3 r
r =1

= (k + 1)3 k +1 +

[1]

3 k
3 (2k 1) + 1
4

from (1)

3 4

k +1
k
(k + 1)3 + 3 (2k 1) + 1
4 3

(2k 1) + 1
3
4
= 3 k +1 (k + 1) +

4
3
3

3 k +1 4(k + 1) + (2k 1)
3
+ 1
4
3

3 k +1 6k + 3
+ 1
3
4
3

[1]
[1]

[1]

3 k +1 3(2k + 1)
3
+ 1
4
3

3
= [3k +1 (2k + 1) + 1]
4
3
= {3k +1 [2(k + 1) 1] + 1}
4
= R.H.S. when n = k + 1

[1]

Hence by the principle of mathematical induction,

.
Pn is true for all positive integers n.

[1]
Q.E.D.

Page 9 of 22

3. (b)
n

1
2r
r =1 10
1
1
1
1
= 2 + 4 + 6 + ... + 2 n
10 10 10
10

Let S n =

[1]
2

1
1
S n is a geometric progression with a = and r = .
10
10
a
S =
1 r
1
2
= 10
1
1 2
10
1
= 100
100 1
100
1 100
=

100 99
1
=
99

1
1
Hence, S = 2 r = .
99
r =1 10
Express the recurring decimal 0.424242 as
0.42 + 0.004 2 + 0.000 042 +
42
42
42
42
2 + 4 + 6 + ... + 2 n
10
10
10
10

[1]

[1]

[1]

[1]

42
2r
r =1 10

Let S =

[1]

1
2r
r =1 10

= 42

Page 10 of 22

1
Now S = 42 since
99
42
=
99
14
=
33
14
Hence, 0.424 242... = .
33

10
r =1

2r

1
99

[1]

3. (c) Proof
3
R.T.S. (r + 1) r 3 = 3r 2 + 3r + 1

Consider the expansion

3
3
3
3
(r + 1)3 = r 0 13 + r 112 + r 2 11 + r 310
0
1
2
3
2
3
= 1 + 3r + 3r + r

[1]

(r + 1) = 1 + 3r + 3r 2 + r 3
3

(r + 1) r 3 = 1 + 3r + 3r 2
3

Hence, (r + 1)3 r 3 = 1 + 3r + 3r 2 .

[1]
Q.E.D.

R.T.S.

r =1

1
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
6

Recall that
(r + 1)3 r 3 = 3r 2 + 3r + 1
3r 2 = ( r + 1) r 3 3r 1

3r = [(r + 1)
2

r =1
n

r 3 3r 1]

[1]

r =1
n

r =1
n

r =1
n

r =1
n

r =1

r =1

r =1

r =1

3 r 2 = [(r + 1)3 r 3 ] 3 r 1
3 r 2 = [(r + 1)3 r 3 ] 3 r n

Page 11 of 22

(1)

[1]

Now

[(r + 1)3 r 3 ] = (23 13 ) + (33 23 ) + (43 33 ) + ... + [(n + 1)3 n3 ]

r =1

[(r + 1) 3 r 3 ] = 13 + (n + 1) 3

(2)

[1]

r =1

Also 3 r = 3(1 + 2 + 3 + ... + n)

r =1

n
= 3[ (1 + n)]
2
n
3n(1 + n)
3 r =
2
r =1

(3)

[1]

Substituting equation (2) and equation (3) into equation (1) gives
n
3n(1 + n)
n
3 r 2 = 13 + (n + 1)3
2
r =1
= 1 + (n3 + 3n 2 + 3n + 1)

[1]

3n 2 + 3n
n
2

3n 2 + 3n
2
3
2
2n + 6n + 4n 3n 2 3n
2
3
2
2n + 3n + n
2
2
n(2n + 3n + 1)
2
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
2
n(n + 1)(2n + 1)
=
2

= n3 + 3n 2 + 2n
=
=
=
=
n

3 r 2
r =1

Hence r 2 =
r =1

[1]

[1]

1
n(n + 1)(2n + 1).
6

[1]

Page 12 of 22

4. (a)
Let f ( x) = 2 ln x + 3x 4 .

Then f (1) = 2 ln(1) + 3(1) 4

= 1 < 0
Also f (2) = 2 ln(2) + 3(2) 4
= 2 + 2 ln 2 > 0 since ln 2 > 0

[1]

Since f (1) < 0 and f (2) > 0 ,

f ( x) = 0 has a root between 1 and 2.

[1]

Given that 1 < x1 < 2 and that x1 = 1.5 is an approximation of the root of f ( x )
2
Since f ( x) = 2 ln x + 3 x 4 f ' ( x) = + 3
x
Using the Newton-Raphson method,
2
f ( x1 )
x2 = x1
where f ' ( x) = + 3
x
f ' ( x1 )
2 ln (1.5) + 3(1.5) 4
= 1.5
2
+3
1.5
0.810 93 + 4.5 4
= 1.5
4.333 3
x2 = 1.197 475

[1]

[1]

Similarly,
f (1.197 475)
f ' (1.197 475)
2 ln (1.197 475) + 3(1.197 475) 4
= 1.197 475
2
+3
1.197 475
0.047 144 6
= 1.197 475
4.670 18
= 1.197 475 + 0.010 095
x3 = 1.207 569
x3 = 1.197 475

Page 13 of 22

[1]

f (1.207 569)
f ' (1.207 569)
2 ln (1.207 569) + 3(1.207 569) 4
= 1.207 569
2
+3
1.207 569
0.000 074 5
= 1.207 569
4.656 22
= 1.207 569 + 0.000 016
x4 = 1.207 585

x4 = 1.207 569

[1]

Since x3 = 1.207 569 and x4 = 1.207 585 , we claim that the root of f(x) is 1.21 to 2 d.p.
Hence, the root of the equation is 1.21 to 2 d. p.

[1]

4. (b)
n

4
.
r =1 r ( r + 2)

Let S n =

4
A
B
+
.
r (r + 2 ) r r + 2
4 = A(r + 2) + Br

(1)

When r = 0,
from (1), 2 A = 4 A = 2

(2)

[1]

When r = 2 ,
from (1), 2 B = 4 B = 2

(3)

[1]

Let also

[1]

Combining equations (1), (2) and (3) gives

4
2
2

(4)
r (r + 2) r r + 2
n

4
]
r =1 r ( r + 2)

Now lim S n = lim [

n

(5)

Page 14 of 22

[1]

Substituting equation (4) into equation (5) gives

n
2
2
lim S n = lim [ (
)]
n
n
r+2
r =1 r

[1]

n
1
1
= 2 lim [ (
)]
n
r+2
r =1 r

[1]

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
1 3 + 2 4 + 3 5 + 4 6 + 5 7 + 6 8

= 2 lim
n

1 1
1`
1

+ ... +
n 1 n + 1 n n + 2

[1]

1 1
1
= 2 lim 1
+

n
n + 1 2 n + 2
1
1
3
= 2 lim

n 2
n +1 n + 2
2
2
= 3 lim
lim

n n + 1 n n + 2

[1]
[1]

2
2
0 and
0 as n
n
n +1
n+2
Hence, S n converges and it converges to 3.

[1]

4. (c)
Given that f ( x) = e x sin x
d
d
f ' ( x) = e x (sin x) + sin x (e x )
dx
dx
x
x
f ' ( x) = e cos x + e sin x

[1]

lim S n = 3 since

[1]

d x
d
(e cos x) + (e x sin x)
dx
dx
x
x
= e sin x + e cos x + e x cos x + e x sin x

Also f ' ' ( x) =

f ' ' ( x) = 2e x cos x

[1]

d
2e x cos x
dx
f ' ' ' ( x) = 2e x sin x + 2e x cos x
Similarly f ' ' ' ( x) =

[1]

Page 15 of 22

Now f (0) = e 0 sin 0 = 0

f ' (0) = e 0 cos 0 + e 0 sin 0 = 1
f ' ' (0) = 2e 0 cos 0 = 2
f ' ' ' (0) = 2e 0 sin 0 + 2e 0 cos 0 = 2

[1]

Using the Maclaurins expansion,

f ' ' (0) 2 f ' ' ' (0) 3
f ( x) = f (0) + f ' (0) x +
x +
x + ...
2!
3!
2
2
0 + (1) x + x 2 + x 3
2!
3!
1
f ( x) x + x 2 + x 3
3

[1]
[1]

1
Hence the first 3 non-zero terms of f(x) are given by x + x 2 + x 3 .
3

[1]

5. (a)
Let X be the random variable representing the number of defective products.

From the given information,

let p = probability (defective) = 25% =

1
4

and q = probability (non-defective) = 75% =

3
4

Let n = 8. Using the binomial distribution,

n
P(X = r) = p n r q r
r
5. (a) (i)
Consider
P( X 2) = 1 P(x < 2)
= 1 [P ( x = 0 ) + P ( x = 1)]

[1]

[1]
[1]

8 1 8 3 0 8 1 7 3 1
= 1 +
0 4 4 1 4 4

[1]

1 8 1 7 3
= 1 + 8
4 4
4
1
= 1
4

1 3
4 + 8 4

[1]

Page 16 of 22

1
= 1
4

1
4 + 6

1 1
= 1 6
4 4
1 0.000 381
Hence, P( X 2) 0.999 6.

[1]

5. (a) (ii)

8
P( X = 2) = p 2 q 6
2

[1]

8 7 1 3
=

2 1 4 4
28 0.062 5 0.177 97
0.311 46
Hence, P( X = 2) 0.311.
2

[1]

5. (b) (i)
Given that
number of players in the team = 12
number of players to choose from = 20

number of ways of choosing the 12 players from the 20 players is

20
20!
=
12 (20 12)!12!
= 125 970
Hence, there are 125 970 ways of forming the team.
5. (b) (ii)
Since the youngest and the oldest players must be included, we only need to
choose 10 players from the remaining 18 players.
18
18!
=
10 (18 10 )!10!
= 43 758
Hence there are 43 758 ways to form the team.

Page 17 of 22

[1]
[1]

[1]
[1]

5. (b) (iii)
From (i), there are 125 970 ways of forming the team.
From (ii), there are 43 758 ways of forming the team with the youngest and
the oldest included.
43 758
The required probability =
0.347 3
125 970
Hence the required probability 0.347.

[1]
[1]

5. (c) Proof
n n
R.T.P.
=
nr r

Taking the L.H.S., we have

n
n!

=
n r [n (n r )]!(n r )!
n!
=
(n n + r )!(n r )!
n!
=
r!(n r )!
n!
=
(n r )! r!
n
=
r
= R.H.S.

[1]

n n
Hence,
= .
nr r

[1]

[1]
[1]

Q.E.D.
5. (d)
Let M represent Mathematics and H represent History.

From the given information,

n(H) = 19
n(M) = 25

Page 18 of 22

5. (d) (i)
P (M H ) = P (M ) + P (H ) P (M H )
25 19
1=
+
P (M H )
40 40
44
P (M H ) =
1
40
4
=
40
1
Hence, P (M H ) = .
10

[1]

[1]

[1]

5. (d) (ii)
Using the Venn diagram below,

History

Mathematics

21

15

[1]
Now P(Maths only) =

21
40
15
and P(History only) =
40

[1]
[1]

P(Math or History only ) =

21 15
+
40 40
36
=
40
9
=
10

Hence, probability (Math or History only) =

9
.
10

Page 19 of 22

[1]

6. (a)
Given that
x 3 y + z = 2
2x + y z = 1
x 2 y + 3z = 6

(1)
(2)
(3)

Rewriting in matrix form, we get

1 3 1 x 2

1 1 y = 1
2
1 2 3 z 6

[1]

Using the augmented matrix

1 3 1 2

1 1 1
2
1 2 3 6

R1 = R1

R2 = 2 R3 R2 0
R3 = R1 R3 0

R1 = R1

R2 = R2
0
R3 = 5R3 + R2 0

5
1

[1]

1 2

7 11
2 8

[2]

1 2

5 7 11
0
17 51

[1]

Using this new matrix,

1 3 1 x 2

0 5 7 y = 11
0 0
17 z 51

[1]

17 z = 51
51
z=
17
z =3

[1]

Also 5y +7z =11

5 y + 7(3) = 11
5 y = 11 21

5 y = 10

y=2

[1]

Page 20 of 22

Finally x 3 y + z = 2
x 3(2) + 3 = 2

x = 2 3 + 6

x =1
Hence, x = 1, y = 2, z = 3 .

[1]

6. (b) (i)

3 + 2i
1 i
3 + 2i 1 + i
=

1 i 1+ i
3(1 + i ) + 2i (1 + i )
=
12 i 2
3 + 3i + 2i 2
=
2
1 + 5i
=
2
1 5
Hence z = + i.
2 2

Given that z =

[1]
[1]

[1]
[1]

6. (b) (ii)
Given that z = 5 + 12i

Let (a + bi ) = z , a and b \

( a + bi )( a + bi ) = 5 + 12i

[1]

a 2 + abi + abi + b 2 i 2 = 5 + 12i

( a 2 b2 ) + 2abi = 5 + 12i

[1]

Equating real parts, we have

a 2 b 2 = 5
(1)

[1]

Equating imaginary parts, we have

2ab = 12
(2)
6
(3)
a=
b

[1]

Page 21 of 22

Substituting equation (3) into equation (1) gives

2

6
2
b = 5
b
36 2
b = 5
b2
36 b 4 = 5b 2
b 4 5b 2 36 = 0

( b 2 ) 5b 2 36 = 0

[1]

[1]

( b 2 9 )( b 2 + 4 ) = 0

b 2 = 9 or b 2 = 4

but b 2 4 since b 2 > 0 b as b \.

b 2 = 9 only
b = 3

[1]

Substituting b = 3 into equation (3) gives a =

a + bi = 2 + 3i

6
= 2.
3
[1]

Substituting b = 3 into equation (3) gives a =

a + bi = 2 3i

6
= 2 .
3
[1]

Hence, the square roots of z are 2 + 3i and 2 3i.

6. (b) (iii)
Given that z = 3 + 2i
z = 32 + 2 2

[1]

= 13
2
Also arg z = tan 1
3
0.588 rad

[1]

Hence, z = 13 (cos 0.588 + i sin 0.588).

[1]

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