List of Ubuntu Releases

List of Ubuntu releases
Main article: Ubuntu (operating system)

code names are in alphabetical order, allowing a quick
Ubuntu releases are made semiannually by Canonical determination of which release is newer. Names are occasionally chosen so that animal appearance or habits reects some new feature (e.g., Koalas favourite leaf is
Eucalyptus"; see below). Ubuntu releases are often referred to using only the adjective portion of the code
name (e.g. Feisty).[9]
2 Release history
2.1 Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog)
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Xenial Xerus
Ltd, the developers of the Ubuntu operating system, using the year and month of the release as a version number. The rst Ubuntu release, for example, was Ubuntu
4.10 and was released on 20 October 2004.[1][2] Consequently, version numbers for future versions are provisional; if the release is delayed until a dierent month
(or even year) to that planned, the version number will
change accordingly.[3]
Ubuntu releases are timed to be approximately one
month after GNOME releases, which are in turn about
one month after releases of X.Org, resulting in each
Ubuntu release including a newer version of GNOME and
X.[4][5][6]
Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog)
Every fourth release, in the second quarter of evennumbered years, has been designated as a Long Term Ubuntu 4.10 (Warty Warthog), released on 20 October
Support (LTS) release, indicating that they are supported 2004, was Canonicals rst release of Ubuntu, buildand receive updates for ve years, with paid technical ing upon Debian, with plans for a new release every
support also available from Canonical Ltd. However the six months and eighteen months of support thereafter.[2]
desktop version of LTS releases before 12.04 were sup- Ubuntu 4.10s support ended on 30 April 2006.[10]
ported for only three years. Releases 6.06, 8.04, 10.04, Ubuntu 4.10 was oered as a free download and, through
12.04, 14.04, and 16.04 are the LTS releases.[7] Non-LTS Canonicals ShipIt[11] service, was also mailed to users
releases prior to 13.04 have typically been supported for free of charge in CD format.[12]
18 months, and have always been supported until at least
the date of the next LTS release. This has changed, however, for 13.04 and subsequent non-LTS releases, with 2.2 Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog)
the support period being halved to 9 months.[8]
Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog), released on 8 April
2005,[13][14] was Canonicals second release of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu 5.04s support ended on 31 October 2006.[15]
1 Naming convention
Ubuntu 5.04 added many new features including
an update manager,[16] upgrade notier, readahead
Ubuntu releases are also given code names, using an ad- and grepmap, suspend, hibernate and standby supjective and an animal with the same rst letter (e.g. Dap- port, dynamic frequency scaling for processors, ubuntu
per Drake). With the exception of the rst two releases, hardware database, Kickstart installation, and APT
1
Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog)
RELEASE HISTORY
Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake)
authentication.[17][18] Ubuntu 5.04 allowed installation It is sometimes jokingly described as their rst 'Late To
from USB devices. Beginning with Ubuntu 5.04, UTF-8 Ship' (LTS) release.[28] Development was not complete
in April 2006 and Mark Shuttleworth approved slipping
became the default character encoding,[19]
the release date to June, making it 6.06 instead.[29]
2.3
Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)
Ubuntu 6.06s support ended on 14 July 2009 for desktops and ended in June 2011 for servers.[30] Ubuntu 6.06
included several new features, including having the Live
CD and Install CD merged onto one disc,[31] a graphical installer on Live CD (Ubiquity), Usplash on shutdown
as well as startup, a network manager for easy switching
of multiple wired and wireless connections, Humanlooks
theme implemented using Tango guidelines, based on
Clearlooks and featuring orange colors instead of brown,
and GDebi graphical installer for package les.[32][33]
Ubuntu 6.06 did not include a means to install from a
USB device, but did for the rst time allow installation
directly onto removable USB devices.
2.5 Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)

Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)
Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger), released on 12 October

2005,[20][21] was Canonicals third release of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu 5.10s support ended on 13 April 2007.[22]
Ubuntu 5.10 added several new features including a
graphical bootloader (Usplash), an Add/Remove Applications tool,[23] a menu editor (Alacarte), an easy language selector, logical volume management support, full
Hewlett-Packard printer support, OEM installer support,
a new Ubuntu logo in the top-left, and Launchpad integration for bug reporting and software development.[24]
2.4
Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake)
Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake), released on 1 June

2006,[25][26][27] was Canonicals fourth release, and the
rst long-term support (LTS) release. Ubuntu 6.06 was
released behind schedule, having been intended as 6.04.
Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)
Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft), released on 26 October

2006,[34][35][36] was Canonicals fth release of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu 6.10s support ended on 25 April 2008.[37][38]
Ubuntu 6.10 added several new features including a heav-
2.8
Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)
ily modied Human theme, Upstart init daemon, automated crash reports (Apport), Tomboy note taking application, and F-Spot photo manager. EasyUbuntu, a third
party program designed to make Ubuntu easier to use,
was included in Ubuntu 6.10 as a meta-package.[39]
2.6
Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)
Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)
Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)
Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn), released on 19 April

2007,[40][41][42] was Canonicals sixth release of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu 7.04s support ended on 19 October 2008.[43]
Ubuntu 7.04 included several new features, among them
a migration assistant to help former Microsoft Windows
users transition to Ubuntu, support for Kernel-based Virtual Machine, assisted codec and restricted drivers installation including Adobe Flash, Java, MP3 support,
easier installation of Nvidia and ATI drivers, Compiz
desktop eects, support for Wi-Fi Protected Access, the
addition of Sudoku and chess, a disk usage analyzer
(baobab), GNOME Control Center, and Zeroconf support for many devices.[17][44] Ubuntu 7.04 dropped support for PowerPC architecture.
2.7
Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)
Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon), released on 18 October 2007,[45][46][47] was Canonicals seventh release of
Ubuntu. Ubuntu 7.10s support ended on 18 April
2009.[48][49] Ubuntu 7.10 included several new features, among them AppArmor security framework,[50]
fast desktop search,[51] a Firefox plug-in manager
(Ubufox),[52] a graphical conguration tool for X.Org,
full NTFS support (read/write) via NTFS-3G, and a revamped printing system with PDF printing by default.[52]
Compiz Fusion was enabled as default in Ubuntu 7.10[53]
and Fast user switching was added.[51]
Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron)
2.8 Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)

Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron), released on 24 April
2008,[54][55][56] was Canonicals eighth release of Ubuntu
and the second Long Term Support (LTS) release.[57][58]
Ubuntu 8.04s support ended on 12 May 2011 for
desktops[59] and ended in April 2013 for servers.
Ubuntu 8.04 included several new features, among
them Tracker desktop search integration,[60] Brasero disk
burner,[61] Transmission BitTorrent client,[61] Vinagre
VNC client,[61] system sound through PulseAudio,[62] and
Active Directory authentication and login using Likewise
Open.[63] In addition Ubuntu 8.04 included updates for
better Tango compliance,[64] various Compiz usability
improvements, automatic grabbing and releasing of the
mouse cursor when running on a VMware virtual machine, and an easier method to remove Ubuntu. Ubuntu
8.04 was the rst version of Ubuntu to include the Wubi
installer on the Live CD that allows Ubuntu to be installed as a single le on a Windows hard drive without
the need to repartition the disk. The rst version of the
Ubuntu Netbook Remix was also introduced.[65] Support
for Ubuntu Hardy Heron was ocially ended on 9 May
2013.
2.9
Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)
RELEASE HISTORY
port ended on 23 October 2010.[75] New features included faster boot time,[76] integration of web services
and applications into the desktop interface. Because of
that, they named it after mythical animal Jackalope.[77]
It was the rst release named after a mythical animal,
the second being Utopic Unicorn. It had a new usplash
screen, a new login screen and also support for both
Wacom (hotplugging) and netbooks.[76] It also included
a new notication system, Notify OSD,[78] and themes.
It marked the rst time that all of Ubuntus core development moved to the Bazaar distributed revision control
system.[79][80]
Ubuntu 9.04 was the rst version to support the ARM
architecture with native support for ARMv5EL and
ARMv6EL-VFP.[81]
Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex). The default wallpaper depicts an

Ibex, with its large curved horns.
2.11 Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)
Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex), released on 30 October

2008,[66][67] was Canonicals ninth release of Ubuntu.
Support ended on 30 April 2010.[68] Ubuntu 8.10 introduced several new features including improvements to
mobile computing and desktop scalability, increased exibility for Internet connectivity, an Ubuntu Live USB creator and a guest account,[69] which allowed others to use
a computer allowing very limited user rights (e.g. accessing the Internet, using software and checking e-mail).[70]
The guest account had its own home folder and nothing
done on it was stored permanently on the computers hard
disk.[71] Intrepid Ibex also included an encrypted private
directory for users,[72] the inclusion of Dynamic Kernel
Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)
Module Support, a tool that allows kernel drivers to be
automatically rebuilt when new kernels are released and
Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala), released on 29 October
support for creating USB ash drive images.[17][73]
2009,[82] was Canonicals 11th release of Ubuntu. It was
supported until April 2011.[83][84]
2.10 Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)
In an announcement to the community on 20 February

2009, Mark Shuttleworth explained that 9.10 would focus on improvements in cloud computing on the server
using Eucalyptus, saying "...a Koalas favourite leaf is
Eucalyptus,[85] as well as further improvements in boot
speed and development of the Netbook Remix.[86]
The initial announcement of version 9.10 indicated that
this release might include a new theme, however the
project was moved forward to 10.04,[86][87] and only minor revisions were made to the default theme. Other
graphical improvements included a new set of boot up
and shutdown splash screens, a new login screen that transitions seamlessly into the desktop and greatly improved
performance on Intel graphics chipsets.
In June 2009, Canonical created the One Hundred Paper

Cuts project, focusing developers to x minor usability
Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)
issues. A paper cut was dened as, a trivially xable
usability bug that the average user would encounter on
Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope), released on 23 April his/her rst day of using a brand new installation of the
2009,[74] was Canonicals tenth release of Ubuntu. Sup- latest version of Ubuntu Desktop Edition.[88]
2.13
Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)
The desktop installation of Ubuntu 9.10 replaced Pidgin

with Empathy Instant Messenger as its default instant
messaging client.[89] The default lesystem is ext4, and
the Ubuntu One client, which interfaces with Canonicals new online storage system, is installed by default.[90]
It introduced Grub 2 beta as default bootloader.[91] It
also debuted a new application called the Ubuntu Software Center that unies package management. Canonical stated their intention for this application to replace
Add/Remove Programs (gnome-app-install) in 9.10 and
possibly Synaptic, Software Sources, Gdebi and Update
Manager in Ubuntu 10.04.[92] Karmic Koala also includes a slideshow during the installation process (through
ubiquity-slideshow) that highlights applications and features in Ubuntu.
2.12 Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx)
Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx)
Shuttleworth rst announced Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid

Lynx)[9] on 19 September 2009 at the Atlanta Linux Fest;
Canonical released it on 29 April 2010.[93][94] It is Canonicals 12th release of Ubuntu and the third Long Term
Support (LTS) release. Canonical provided support for
the desktop version of Ubuntu 10.04 until 9 May 2013
and the server version until 30 April 2015.[95]
5
The new style in Ubuntu is inspired by the
idea of Light.
We're drawn to Light because it denotes
both warmth and clarity, and intrigued by the
idea that light is a good value in software.
Good software is light in the sense that it
uses your resources eciently, runs quickly,
and can easily be reshaped as needed. Ubuntu
represents a break with the bloatware of proprietary operating systems and an opportunity
to delight to those who use computers for work
and play. More and more of our communications are powered by light, and in future, our
processing power will depend on our ability to
work with light, too.
Visually, light is beautiful, light is ethereal,
light brings clarity and comfort.
Historical perspective: From 20042010,
the theme in Ubuntu was Human. Our
tagline was Linux for Human Beings and we
used a palette reective of the full range of humanity. Our focus as a project was bringing
Linux from the data center into the lives of our
friends and global family.
Critical responses to the new theme have been mixed. Ars
Technica's Ryan Paul said The new themes and updated
color palette are nice improvement for Ubuntu... After
testing the new theme for several hours, I feel like its a
step forward, but it still falls a bit short of my expectations. Paul also noted that the most controversial aspect
of the new design amongst users has been the placement
of the window control buttons on the left instead of the
right side of the windows.[101][102] TechSources Jun Auza
expressed concern that the new theme is too close to that
used by Apples Mac OS X: I think Ubuntu is having
an identity crisis right now and should seriously consider
changing several things in terms of look and feel to avoid
being branded as a Mac OS X rip-o, or worse, get sued
by Apple. Auza also summarized Ubuntu user feedback:
I believe the fans are divided right now. Some have
learned to love the brown color scheme since it uniquely
represents Ubuntu, while others wanted change.[103]
The new release includes, among other things, improved

support for Nvidia proprietary graphics drivers, while
switching to the open source Nvidia graphics driver,
Nouveau, by default. Plymouth was also introduced alThe rst point release, 10.04.1, was made available on
lowing boot animations.[96][97][98]
17 August 2010,[104] and the second update, 10.04.2,
GIMP was removed from the Lucid installation CD due was released on 17 February 2011.[105] The third update,
to its professional-grade complexity and its le size. F- 10.04.3, was released on 21 July 2011,[106] and the fourth
Spot provides normal user-level graphics-editing capa- and nal update, 10.04.4, was released on 16 February
bilities and GIMP remains available for download in the 2012.
repositories.[99]
The distribution emphasizes the new importance of web

2.13 Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)
services and social networking with integrated interfaces
for posting to sites like Facebook and Twitter, comple- The naming of Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat) was anmenting the IM and email integration already in Ubuntu. nounced by Mark Shuttleworth on 2 April 2010, along
On 4 March 2010, it was announced that Lucid Lynx with the releases goals of improving the netbook exwould feature a new theme, including new logos, taking perience and a server focus on hybrid cloud computUbuntus new visual style[100] into account:
ing. Ubuntu 10.10 was released on 10 October 2010
RELEASE HISTORY
available in Ubuntu 11.04 under the title Ubuntu Classic

as a fallback to Unity.
Ubuntu 11.04 employed Banshee as the default music
player, replacing Rhythmbox. Other new applications included Mozilla Firefox 4 and LibreOce, which replaced
OpenOce.org.[120][121][122] The OpenStack cloud computing platform was added in this release.[123][124]
Starting with Ubuntu 11.04, the Ubuntu Netbook Edition
was merged into the desktop edition.[125]
Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)
In reviewing Ubuntu 11.04 upon its stable release, Ryan

Paul of Ars Technica said There is a lot to like in Ubuntu
11.04, but also a lot of room for improvement. Jesse
Smith of Distrowatch said I'm of the opinion there are
good features in this release, but 11.04 denitely suered
from being rushed out the door while it was still beta quality. Ubuntu aims to be novice-friendly, but this release is
buggy and I think they missed the mark this time around.
I'm limiting my recommendation of 11.04 to people who
want to play with an early release of Unity.[126][127] Support for Ubuntu 11.04 ocially ended on 28 October
2012.[128]
(10.10.10) at around 10:10 UTC.[107][108][109][110][111]

This is a departure from the traditional schedule of releasing at the end of October to get the perfect 10,[112] and a
playful reference to The Hitchhikers Guide to the Galaxy,
since, in binary, 101010 is equal to the number 42, the
Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe
and Everything within the series.[113] It was Canonicals
13th release of Ubuntu. New features included the new
Unity interface for the Netbook Edition, a new default
photo manager, Shotwell, replacing F-Spot, the ability to
purchase applications in the Software Center, and an o- 2.15
cial Ubuntu font used by default.[114] Support for Ubuntu
Maverick Meerkat 10.10 was ocially ended on 10 April
2012.[115]
Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot)
2.14 Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)
Ubuntu 11.10 nal release (13 October 2011) running Unity

4.22.0
Ubuntu 11.04 Desktop (Natty Narwhal) using Unity.
The naming of Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) was announced on 17 August 2010 by Mark Shuttleworth.[116]
Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal was released on 28 April
2011.[117] It is Canonicals 14th release of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu 11.04 used the Unity user interface instead of
GNOME Shell as default. The move to Unity was
controversial as some GNOME developers feared it
would fracture the community and marginalize GNOME
Shell.[118][119] The GNOME desktop environment is still
The naming of Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot) was announced on 7 March 2011 by Mark Shuttleworth. He explained that Oneiric means dreamy.[129] Ubuntu 11.10
was released on schedule on 13 October 2011 and is
Canonicals 15th release of Ubuntu.[130]
In April 2011 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu 11.10
would not include the classic GNOME desktop as a fall
back to Unity, unlike Ubuntu 11.04 Natty Narwhal. Instead, 11.10 included a 2D version of Unity as a fallback for computers that lacked the hardware resources
for the Compiz-based 3D version. However, the classic GNOME desktop remained available in Ubuntu 11.10
through a package in the Ubuntu repositories.[131] Shuttleworth also conrmed that Unity in Ubuntu 11.10 would
2.16
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
run as a shell for GNOME 3 on top of GNOME 3 libraries, unlike in Ubuntu 11.04 where it ran as a shell
for GNOME 2. Moreover, users were able to install
the entire GNOME 3 stack along with GNOME Shell
directly from the Ubuntu repositories; to be presented
with a GNOME 3 desktop choice at login.[132] During the development cycle there were many changes to
Unity, including the placement of the Ubuntu button on
the Launcher instead of on the Panel, the autohiding of
the window controls (and the global menu) of maximized
windows, the introduction of more transparency into the
Dash (and the Panel when the Dash was opened) and the
introduction of window controls for the Dash.[133]
In May 2011, it was announced that PiTiVi would be
no longer part of the Ubuntu ISO, starting with Ubuntu
11.10 Oneiric Ocelot. The reasons given for removing
it included poor user reception, lack of t with the default user-case for Ubuntu, lack of polish and the applications lack of development maturity. PiTiVi will
not be replaced on the ISO with another video editor.
Other changes include removing Computer Janitor, as it
caused broken systems for users, and the removal of the
Synaptic package manager, which can optionally be installed via the Ubuntu Software Center. Dj Dup has
been added as Ubuntus backup program.[134] Mozilla
Thunderbird has replaced the Evolution email client.
All removed applications will remain available to users
for installation from the Ubuntu Software Center and
repositories.[135][136][137][138] Support for Ubuntu Oneiric
Ocelot was ocially ended on 9 May 2013.
2.16
7
to Unity. This release also replaced the Banshee media player with Rhythmbox as the default media player
and dropped the Tomboy note-taking application and the
supporting Mono framework as well.[144][145] Also, the
window dodge feature has been removed from the Unity
launcher starting with Ubuntu 12.04.[146]
Ubuntu 12.04 incorporated a new head-up display (HUD)
feature that allows hotkey searching for application menu
items from the keyboard, without needing the mouse.
Shuttleworth said that the HUD will ultimately replace
menus in Unity applications but for Ubuntu 12.04 at
least the menus will remain.[147]
Ubuntu 12.04 is the rst Ubuntu release shipped with
IPv6 privacy extensions turned on by default. Ubuntu
11.10 already supported IPv6 on the desktop and in
the installer (stateless address autoconguration SLAAC,
stateless DHCPv6 and stateful DHCPv6).[148]
Like other LTS releases, 12.04 will include point releases
that bundle updates to shorten downloads for users installing the release later in its lifecycle. The point releases
and dates are: 12.04.1 (23 August 2012), 12.04.2 (14
February 2013), 12.04.3 (scheduled for release on 22 August 2013, but actually released on 23 August 2013) and
12.04.4 (6 February 2014).[149] While the most recent
point release was 12.04.5, released on 7 August 2014.[150]
Jesse Smith of DistroWatch said that many people, like

he, had questioned Ubuntus direction, including Unity.
But with Ubuntu 12.04 he felt that the puzzle pieces,
which individually may have been underwhelming, had
come together to form a whole, clear picture. He said
Unity, though a step away from the traditional deskUbuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) top, has several features which make it attractive, such as
reducing mouse travel. The HUD means that newcomers can nd application functionality with a quick search
and more advanced users can use the HUD to quickly
run menu commands from the keyboard. He wrote that
Unity had grown to maturity, while indicating that he was
bothered by its lack of exibility. He did notice issues,
however, especially that the HUD did not work in LibreOce and performance in a virtual machine was unsatisfactory. He concluded that Ubuntus overall experience
was head and shoulders above anything else in the Linux
ecosystem.[151]
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS desktop
Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) is Canonicals sixteenth release of Ubuntu and its fourth Long Term
Support (LTS) release, made available on schedule on
26 April 2012.[139][140] It is named after the pangolin
anteater.[141] Previous LTS releases have been supported
for three years for the desktop version and ve years for
the server version; this release will be supported for ve
years for both versions.[142][143]
Jim Lynch wrote Ubuntu 12.04 is denitely worth an upgrade if youre running an earlier version. Unity is nally
coming into its own in this release, plus there are other
enhancements that make upgrading worthwhile. Ubuntu
is getting better and better with each release. I was one
of the Unity skeptics initially, but Ive come to accept it
as part of Ubuntu.[152]
Jack Wallen of TechRepublic who had strongly criticized early versions of Unity said Since Ubuntu 12.04
was released, and I migrated over from Linux Mint, Im
working much more eciently. This isnt really so much
Changes in this release include a much faster startup a surprise to me, but to many of the detractors who astime for the Ubuntu Software Center and renements sume Unity a very unproductive desktop... well, I can of-
8
cially say they are wrong. [...] I realize that many people
out there have spurned Unity (I was one of them for a long
time), but the more I use it, the more I realize that Canonical really did their homework on how to help end users
more eciently interact with their computers. Change is
hard period. For many, the idea of change is such a
painful notion they wind up missing out on some incredible advancements. Unity is one such advancement.[153]
2.17 Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal)
Ubuntu 12.10s default desktop
On 23 April 2012 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu

12.10 would be named Quantal Quetzal. As this will
be the rst of a series of three releases before the next
LTS release, Shuttleworth indicated that it will include
a refreshed look, with work to be done on typography
and iconography. The release takes its name from the
quetzal, a species of Central American birds.[154] Ubuntu
12.10 was released on schedule on 18 October 2012
and is Canonicals seventeenth release of the operating
system.[155]
Ryan Paul, writing for Ars Technica, said in April 2012
when the name was announced A Quetzal is a colorful bird that is common to Central America. The most
well-known variety, the resplendent quetzal, is known for
its beauty. The name is a good t for Ubuntu, which
aims to soar in the cloud, oer visual appeal without
compromising function, and avoid smacking into closed
windows.[156]
RELEASE HISTORY
a means of running web applications directly from the

desktop, without having to open a browser.[161] It would
use Nautilus 3.4 as its le manager, in place of the 3.5
and newer versions, to retain features deleted from later
versions.[162]
In September 2012, Canonicals Kate Stewart announced
that the Ubuntu 12.10 image would not t on a compact
disc, saying There is no longer a traditional CD sized image, DVD or alternate image, but rather a single 800MB
Ubuntu image that can be used from USB or DVD.[163]
However, a third-party project has created a version of
Ubuntu 12.10 that ts on a CD. It uses LZMA2 compression instead of the DEFLATE compression used on
the ocial Ubuntu DVD image.[164]
Also in late September 2012, it was announced that the
version of Unity to be shipped with Ubuntu 12.10 would
by default include searches of Amazon.com for searched
terms. This move caused immediate controversy among
Ubuntu users, particularly with regard to privacy issues,
and caused Mark Shuttleworth to issue a statement indicating that this feature is not adware and labelled many
of the objections FUD (Fear, uncertainty and doubt).
Shuttleworth stated What we have in 12.10 isnt the full
experience, so those who leap to judgement are at maximum risk of having to eat their words later. Chill out. If
the rst cut doesnt work for you, remove it, or just search
the specic scope you want (there are hotkeys for all the
local scopes). Regardless, users led a Launchpad bug
report on the feature requesting that it be made a separate lens and not included with general desktop searches
for les, directories and applications. The degree of community push-back on the issue resulted in plans by the
developers to make the dash and where it searches usercongurable via a GUI-setting dialogue. Despite concerns that the setting dialogue would not make the nal
version of Ubuntu 12.10, it was completed and is present
in the nal version of 12.10.[165][166][167][168][169][170]
In the week prior to the stable release of Ubuntu 12.10

data-privacy advocate Lus de Sousa indicated that the
inclusion of the shopping lens, installed without explicit permission of the user, violates European Directive 95/46/EC on data privacy. That directive requires
that the data subject has unambiguously given his conThe Ubuntu Developer Summit held in May 2012 set the sent in situations where personal identifying information
priorities for this release. They are forecast to include an is sent.[171]
improved boot up sequence and log-in screen, dropping
In reviewing Ubuntu 12.10 at the end of October 2012
Unity 2D in favor of lower hardware requirements for
for DistroWatch, Jesse Smith raised concerns about the
Unity 3D, wrap around dialogs and toolbars for the HUD
Amazon shopping lens, saying, it has raised a numand a "vanilla" version of Gnome-Shell as an option. The
ber of privacy concerns in the community and, looking
release would likely include GNOME 3.6, Python 3 and
over Ubuntus legal notice about privacy does not prothe 3.5 Linux kernel.[157] It would ship with Python 3 in
vide any reassurance. The notice informs us Canonical
the image, but with Python 2 available in the repositoreserves the right to share our keystrokes, search terms
ries, via the python package.[158] The kernel will have
and IP address with a number of third parties, includthe PAE switched on by default.[159]
ing Facebook, Twitter, Amazon and the BBC. This feaIn July 2012, development versions of Ubuntu 12.10 ture is enabled by default, but can be turned o through
received a new combined user, session and system the distributions settings panel. He also found that the
menu.[160] This release also included Ubuntu Web Apps,
2.19
Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)
dash provided very slow performance and that the release was practically unusable in the VirtualBox environment. He summed up his experiences, After a day
and a half of using Ubuntu 12.10 it was an internal struggle not to wipe my hard drive and just nd another distribution to review. During the rst twenty-four hours
Ubuntu spied on me, provided performance which was
distinctly sub par, the interface regularly popped up errors (sometimes so frequently the rst pop-up wouldn't
have faded out of view before the next one appeared), the
update notication didn't work and it wasn't possible to
turn o accessibility features through the graphical interface. Adding insult to injury, the Unity dash kept locking
up or losing focus while I was trying to use it and the
operating system crashed more times than not while trying to shutdown or logout. Switching away from Unity to
GNOME Fallback helped the performance issues I had
experienced with the Dash, but it didn't remove the annoying pop-up errors and performance (while usable) still
wasn't as good as I would expect. And what really makes
me scratch my head is Ubuntu 12.04 worked really well
on this same hardware.[172]
Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)
In early November, the Electronic Frontier Foundation

made a statement on the shopping lens issue, Technically, when you search for something in Dash, your
computer makes a secure HTTPS connection to productsearch.ubuntu.com, sending along your search query and
your IP address. If it returns Amazon products to display, your computer then insecurely loads the product images from Amazons server over HTTP. This means that
a passive eavesdropper, such as someone sharing a wireless network with you, will be able to get a good idea of
what you're searching for on your own computer based
on Amazon product images. Its a major privacy problem if you can't nd things on your own computer without
broadcasting what you're looking for to the world.[173]
In reviewing Ubuntu 13.04 Jim Lynch from Desktop

Linux Reviews said, I found Ubuntu 13.04 to be a
slightly disappointing upgrade. While there are denitely
some enhancements in this release, theres also nothing
very special about it ... Alas, theres nothing in Ubuntu
13.04 that makes me want to consider it for use as my
daily distro. Dont misunderstand me, theres nothing
overtly wrong with Ubuntu 13.04 either. It installed and
performed very well for me. Unity 7 also has some helpful and attractive updates that Ubuntu users will enjoy,
and there are other things in this release that help improve
the overall Ubuntu experience...I suspect it is simply because Ubuntu has settled into a comfortable middle age,
it works and it works very well for what it does.[180]
The Wubi installer was dropped as of 13.04, due to its

incompatibility with Windows 8, and general lack of support and development.[176][177] Previously, on 29 October
2012, at Ubuntu Developer Summit Registration there
had been a discussion of redesigning Wubi for Ubuntu
13.04.[178]
Ubuntu 13.04 was released on schedule on 25 April
2013.[179]
Writing about Ubuntu 12.10 in a December 2012 review, Support for Ubuntu 13.04 ocially ended on 27 January
2014.
Jim Lynch addressed the Amazon controversy:
He concluded by saying, Overall, Ubuntu 12.10 is a decent upgrade for current Ubuntu users. However, the in- 2.19
clusion of the Amazon icon on the launcher, and the discontinuation of Unity 2D might irritate some people.[174]
Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)
Support for Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal ocially

ended on 16 May 2014.
2.18 Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

On 17 October 2012, Shuttleworth announced that
Ubuntu 13.04 would be named Raring Ringtail and said
about this release [In the next six months] we want to
have the phone, tablet and TV all lined up. So I think its
time to look at the core of Ubuntu and review it through
a mobile lens: lets measure our core platform by mobile Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)
metrics, things like battery life, number of running processes, memory footprint, and polish the rough edges that Ubuntu 13.10 is named Saucy Salamander.[181] It was released on schedule on 17 October 2013.
we nd when we do that.[175]
10
Consideration was given to changing the default browser 2.20

from Mozilla Firefox to Chromium, but problems with
timely updates to Ubuntus Chromium package caused
developers to retain Firefox for this release.[182][183]
RELEASE HISTORY
Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)
Ubuntu 13.10 was intended to be the rst Ubuntu release

to replace the aging X11 with the Mir display server,
with X11 programs to have operated through the XMir
compatibility layer.[184] However, after the development
of XMir ran into outstanding technical diculties for
multiple monitors, Canonical decided to postpone the default use of Mir in Ubuntu.[181] Mir will still be released
as the default display server for Ubuntu Touch 13.10.[185]
Ryan Paul of Ars Technica wrote that although 13.10
brings useful enhancements, it is a relatively thin update. He also said the new Dash concept is intriguing, but its usefulness is a bit limited"; and even though
he thinks that universal Web search is potentially useful,
hes somewhat uncomfortable with how Canonical joins
it with local system searches.[181]
Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr
Mark Shuttleworth announced on 31 October 2011 that

by Ubuntu 14.04, Ubuntu would support smartphones,
tablets, TVs and smart screens.[191]
On 18 October 2013, it was announced that Ubuntu 14.04

[192][193]
In a review of Ubuntu 13.10 Joey Sneddon of OMG would be dubbed Trusty Tahr".
Ubuntu criticized the new Smart Scopes feature, saying, This version was released on 17 April 2014, and is the
"...its less of a help and more of a hindrance. With so 20th release of Ubuntu. Shuttleworth indicated that the
many web services oering results for a search term focus in this development cycle would be a release charhowever innocuous it might be the Dash ends up resem- acterized by performance, renement, maintainability,
bling a wall painted in unintelligible, irrelevant mess. technical debt and encouraged the developers to make
Sneddon noted that internet search engines turn in more conservative choices. Technical debt refers to catchuseful and better organized results and recommended se- ing up and rening supporting work for earlier changes.
lectively disabling individual scopes to reduce the noise The development cycle for this release focused on the
factor.[186]
tablet interface, specically for the Nexus 7 and Nexus
10
tablets. There were few changes to the desktop as
Jim Lynch of Linux Desktop Reviews described the re14.04
used the existing mature Unity 7 interface. Ubuntu
lease as boring and noted, alas, Ubuntu 13.10 follows
14.04
included the ability to turn o the global menu
in the footsteps of Ubuntu 13.04. The big new desksystem
and used locally integrated menus instead for intop feature is Smart Scopes ... Beyond that theres not
dividual
applications. Other features were the retena whole lot that is interesting or exciting to talk about.
tion
of
Xorg
and not Mir or XMir, a Unity 8 developIt turns out that Saucy Salamander is one truly dull amers
preview,
new
mobile applications, a redesigned USB
phibian. Canonical really should rename this release
Start-Up
Disk
Creator
tool, a new forked version of the
to 'Snoozing Salamander' instead. Lynch described the
GNOME
Control
Center,
called the Unity Control CenSmart Scopes, this is a very useful function, and it can
ter
and
default
SSD
TRIM
support. GNOME 3.10 is insave you a lot of time when looking for information. I un[193][194][195][196][197][198][199][200][201]
stalled
by
default.
derstand that some people will regard this as a privacy violation, no problem. Theres an easy way to disable Smart The release initially included Linux kernel 3.13, but this
Scopes.[187]
was updated to 4.2 with the point release of 14.04.4 on
[194][202]
Maria Korolov writing for Network World in December 18 February 2016.
2013 said of the release, there is a benet to be had in
being able to search for les you own on both local drives
and in cloud services such as Google Drive and Flickr.
Thats the idea behind Unity Smart Scopes...The result is
a cluttered mess. The rst thing many users will probably do after installing Ubuntu 13.10 is to get rid of most
of these results...mixing generic Web results in with your
own les is just confusing.[188]
Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu noted that recent Ubuntu

releases have received lower and lower amounts of mainstream press coverage and termed it an established product that has, by and large, remained a niche interest.[203]
In reviewing Ubuntu 14.04 LTS in April 2014 Jim Lynch

concluded: Ubuntu 14.04 seems to be all about rening
the Ubuntu desktop. While there are not a lot of amazing new features in this release, there are quite a few very
In its year-end Readers Choice Awards Linux Journal useful and needed tweaks that add up to a much better
readers voted Ubuntu as Best Linux Distribution and Best desktop experience. Canonicals designers seem to be lisDesktop Distribution for 2013.[189]
tening to Ubuntu users again, and they seem willing to
make the changes necessary to give the users what they
[190]
Support for Ubuntu 13.10 ended on 17 July 2014.
want. That may be the single most important thing about
2.22
Ubuntu 15.04 (Vivid Vervet)
11
Ubuntu 14.04. It could be an indication of a sea change from Mark Shuttleworths U name announcement...For
in Canonicals attitude toward Ubuntu users.[204]
the release taking place in the week of Ubuntus 10th anJack Wallin writing for Tech Republic termed Ubuntu niversary, this may all read like a bit of an anticlimax. No
14.04 LTS, as polished a distribution as you'll nd. Its headline user features, no visual changes (bar a few new
cleaner, performs better, and is all around improved. icons for the sidebar of Nautilus) theres not even a
Some users may say that this is the most boring release new default wallpaper to look at...But on the ip side its
Canonical has unleashed in years, but I believe it to be perhaps the most tting release; the one that shows just
how far Ubuntu has come in the past few years. Mature,
one of the nest.[205]
dependable and sure in its own (Ambiance-themed) skin,
Terry Relph-Knight of ZDNet said, although there are buggy feature churn has given way to a sustained era of asno amazing 'must-have' new features in Ubuntu 14.04, it sured stability...Ubuntu 14.10 is a rock-solid, hearty and
is worth upgrading just to get the latest LTS release with dependable release. Perhaps more here than ever before.
a more recent kernel and default applications.[206]
Theres no getting away from the fact that its an uninScott Gilbertson of Ars Technica stated, Ubuntu is one spiring update on paper, and is far from being anything
[212]
of the most polished desktops around, certainly the most approaching essential.
polished in the Linux world, but in many ways that polish Michael Larabel of Phoronix wrote, At the end of the
is increasingly skin deep at the expense of some larger day simple end-users won't see much of a dierence over
usability issues which continue to go unaddressed release Ubuntu 14.04 LTS, which is a bit sad given that this is
after release.[207]
the tenth anniversary release of Ubuntu Linux. For everyday Linux desktop users the many upgraded packages
are great but there isn't too much more to celebrate about
2.21 Ubuntu 14.10 (Utopic Unicorn)
today on the desktop front.[213]
Scott Gilbertson, writing for The Register, explained,
I've been covering Ubuntu for seven of the releases 10
years and 14.10 is the rst time I've had to dig deep into
the release notes just to nd something new to test...If you
needed further proof that Canonical is currently solely focused on bringing its Unity 8 interface to mobile devices,
14.10 is the best evidence yet...Almost nothing Canonical develops has changed in this release there isn't even
a new desktop wallpaper. There are some updates to
be sure, but they dont hail from Canonical...The lack
of updates isn't unexpected, in fact thats been the plan
all along...Desktop Ubuntu is currently in a kind of susA screenshot of the Ubuntu 14.10 Utopic Unicorn desktop with pended animation, waiting on Unity 8 and Mir to be ready
the mascot wallpaper
for its coming metamorphosis. The short story is that it
makes no sense for Canonical to keep rening Unity 7
On 23 April 2014 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu when it will soon be retired.[214]
14.10 would carry the name Utopic Unicorn.[208][209] Version 14.10 was released on 23 October, having only minor
updates to the kernel, Unity Desktop, and included pack- 2.22 Ubuntu 15.04 (Vivid Vervet)
ages such as LibreOce and Mozilla Firefox and Thunderbird. The kernel was updated to 3.16 for hardware
support (e.g. graphics) and has for security, full kernel
address space layout randomization applied to the kernel
and its modules, plus the closure of a number of information leaks in /proc.[210]
This version is the 21st release. Ubuntu 14.10 was ocially characterized as a release that addressed bug xes
and incremental quality improvements and so it incorporated very few new features.[211]
Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu wrote in reviewing this
release, Ubuntu 14.10, codenamed Utopic Unicorn, is
saddled with a modest changelog, composed largely of Ubuntu 15.04 Vivid Vervet
bug xes, stability improvements and key software updates. All worthy, but falls a little way short of the fresh On 20 October 2014 Shuttleworth announced that
ideas and new art that should raise the roof quotes Ubuntu 15.04 would be named Vivid Vervet. It was re-
12
leased on 23 April 2015.[215][216][217][218] This was the 2.23
22nd Ubuntu release.
RELEASE HISTORY
Ubuntu 15.10 (Wily Werewolf)
Ubuntu 15.04 used systemd instead of Upstart by

default.[219] This release also featured locally integrated
menus by default, replacing the previous default global
menus.[220]
Silviu Stahie, writing for Softpedia, said about this release
while it was in beta, Ubuntu 15.04 is not an exciting release, but that its only a surface impression. The truth
is that its an important upgrade because some very important changes have been made, including the adoption
of systemd. Users will notice that not too many visual
changes have been implemented in Ubuntu 15.04, but
that was to be expected. The team is transitioning to a Ubuntu 15.10 Wily Werewolf
new Unity version that is still not ready for general use,
2015 that Ubuntu
so its easy to understand why Ubuntu 15.04 is not all that Shuttleworth announced on 4 May [225]
15.10
would
be
called
Wily
Werewolf.
He initially ex[221]
dierent from Ubuntu 14.10.
pressed hope that the release would include the Mir disThis release included modest improvements in Intel play server, but it was released on 22 October 2015 withHaswell graphics performance and bigger improvements out Mir. It was the 23rd release of Ubuntu.[226][227][228]
for AMD Radeon graphics cards using the open-source
Ubuntu 15.10 eliminated the disappearing window edge
Radeon R600 and RadeonSI Gallium3D drivers.[222]
scrollbars in favour of the upstream GNOME scrollIn reviewing this release, Joey Sneddon, of OMG Ubuntu, bars, a move designed to save developer time in creating
said Ubuntu 15.04 is yet another solid entry in the dis- patches and updates.[229]
tributions long release history. A dependable desktop
operating system suited for end users but with plenty of In reviewing the release, Chris Jones wrote, Ubuntu
convenient extras to woo developers with. Though the 15.10 as an operating system for Review is pretty lackUnity 7 desktop is largely mothballed as work progresses luster. Theres nothing new as such and theres nothing
on the new converged experience with Unity 8, the mod- we can really say that is going to change your opinion
est renements received here bu the experience. Unity from its predecessor, 15.04. Therefore, we recommend
in Ubuntu 15.04 shines brighter, a glowing example of a you to upgrade either out of habit and according to your
regular upgrade schedule rather than out of a specic nedesktop that just works for users..[223]
cessity for a specic feature of this release. Because there
Jesse Smith of DistroWatch wrote, One of the changes is really nothing that could possibly dierentiate it from
I was interested in exploring was Ubuntus switch from the older, yet still very stable 15.04 release. But if you're
the Upstart init software to systemd. In this regard I was going to stick with 15.04 for a little longer, we do recompleasantly surprised. I nd most distributions, when they mend that you look at upgrading the kernel to the latest
initially make the switch to systemd, introduce bugs or, at 4.2 branch. It is worth it. If you really want a reason to
the very least, break backward compatibility. Sometimes upgrade? Linux kernel 4.2 would be our sole reason for
service managers stop working properly and network de- taking Ubuntu 15.10 into consideration.[230]
vice names usually change. Even if everything works as
it should, the administrator needs to adjust to systemds Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu noted, For a release
approach to logging and adopt a dierent method of man- named after a terrifying mythological creature Ubuntu
aging services. Ubuntu has taken an approach I like with 15.10 is surprisingly tame. There are no dramatic transregards to adopting systemd. He concluded, on the sur- formations, no bone popping or shirt ripping and certainly
face, Ubuntu 15.04 does not bring many changes. There no hair sprouting under the milky eye of full moon. In
are a few cosmetic adjustments, but nothing major that fact, a new wallpaper and change in scrollbar appearance
[231]
desktop users are likely to notice. Most of the interesting is about as shapeshift-y as this werewolf gets.
work appears to be going on behind the scenes... Ubuntu Steven J. Vaughan-Nichols of ZDNet praised the release
15.04 feels very stable and easy to congure. This is an for its integration of cloud services, such as the new
operating system that is virtually eortless to set up and Ubuntu OpenStack cloud deployment and management
run and I feel the Unity 7 desktop does a nice job of pro- tool, OpenStack Autopilot as well as its server tools.
viding lots of features while staying out of the way... All Ubuntus machine container hypervisor, LXD, included
in all, I like what Canonical has done with Ubuntu 15.04. by default in 15.10, was singled out. Vaughan-Nichols
This feels like a small, incremental evolution for Ubuntu concluded, with these advances, chances are you're more
and Unity. The init switch, which has disrupted the users likely to use Ubuntu, hidden behind the scenes, on clouds
of several other distributions, goes largely unnoticed in and servers.[232]
Ubuntu and I think that is worthy of praise.[224]
A Hectic Geek review noted problems with X.Org Server
2.25
Ubuntu 16.10 (Yakkety Yak)
13
crashes and concluded If you use Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and I've never considered the inclusion of online search reif its working out for you, then there really is no need to sults to be spyware. In fact, I have always considered the
switch to a non-LTS release, especially to the 15.10.[233] online results to be an ecient means of searching for
said, with
A review on Dedoimedo identied problems with Samba, products through Amazon (etc.). That being[246]
the
release
of
16.04,
this
feature
is
disabled.
Bluetooth, desktop searching, battery life and the smartphone interface and found the release inconsistent, saying, unpredictability is horrible. Give me a good experience, or give me a bad experience, but please try not
to seesaw between them erratically. Continuous, steady
change in behavior, any which way. The review concluded, it underperforms compared to some of its siblings and ancestors. Not the best, denitely not worth a
perma upgrade, but you might nd it more palatable to
your hardware and use cases. Overall, though Wily isn't
the best of distros. It sure gave me the willies. 7/10.[234]
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS does not support the AMD Catalyst

(fglrx) driver for AMD/ATI graphics cards and instead
recommends the free software radeon and amdgpu alternatives. These may not provide optimal graphics performance, however.[249]
2.24 Ubuntu 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus)
Mark Shuttleworth announced on 21 April 2016 that

Ubuntu 16.10 would be called Yakkety Yak.[250] It is to
be released on 20 October 2016.[251]
The rst point release, 16.04.1, will be released on 21 July

2016.[243]
2.25 Ubuntu 16.10 (Yakkety Yak)
This release will feature a maintenance version of Unity

7, but will oer Unity 8 packages included in the ISO,
so that users can test them. Other forecast improvements include a new version of Ubuntu Software that
will support faster loading, better support for installing
command-line-only non-GUI applications, support for
installing fonts and multimedia codecs and improved promotion of paid applications.[252]
Ubuntu 16.04 LTS Xenial Xerus
3 Table of versions
Shuttleworth announced on 21 October 2015 that Ubuntu

16.04 LTS would be called Xenial Xerus.[235] It was released on 21 April 2016.[236]
4 Version timeline
The default desktop environment continues to be Unity 5 Version end of life

7, with an option for Unity 8. In May 2015, Shuttleworth
indicated that Ubuntu 16.04 LTS would include Unity 8
After each version of Ubuntu has reached its end-of-life
and Mir, but that users have a choice of that or Unity 7 and
time, its repositories are removed from the main Ubuntu
X.org. He said, Unity 8 will be an option for 16.04 and
servers and consequently the mirrors.[267] Older versions
we'll let the community decide the default for 16.04.[237]
of Ubuntu repositories and releases can be found on the
The release adds support for Ceph and ZFS lesys- old Ubuntu releases website.[268][269]
tems, the LXD[238][239] hypervisor (using seccomp)
for OpenStack, and Snappy packages will be
supported.[240][236] It will use systemd instead of 6 See also
Upstart as its init system.[241][242][243] This release will
replace the Ubuntu Software Centre with GNOME
List of Linux distributions
Software and eliminate Empathy and Brasero from the
[244][245]
ISO le.
Reviewer Jack Wallen said, The truth
of the matter is, the Ubuntu Software Center has been
a horrible tool for a very long time. Making this move 7 References
will greatly improve the Ubuntu experience for every
user.[246]
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8 External links
Ubuntu Releases website
21
Text and image sources, contributors, and licenses
9.1
Text
List of Ubuntu releases Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Ubuntu_releases?oldid=723433103 Contributors: Zundark,

Comte0, Pnm, KAMiKAZOW, Pseudo daoist, Kaihsu, Grendelkhan, Samsara, Thue, GPHemsley, Chuunen Baka, Rursus, Henry Flower,
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List of Ubuntu Releases

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List of Ubuntu Releases

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List of Ubuntu releases

Main article: Ubuntu (operating system)

Ubuntu 5.04 (Hoary Hedgehog)

Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake)

Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger)

2.5 Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)

Ubuntu 5.10 (Breezy Badger), released on 12 October

Ubuntu 6.06 LTS (Dapper Drake)

Ubuntu 6.06 (Dapper Drake), released on 1 June

Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft)

Ubuntu 6.10 (Edgy Eft), released on 26 October

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)

Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn)

Ubuntu 7.04 (Feisty Fawn), released on 19 April

Ubuntu 7.10 (Gutsy Gibbon)

Ubuntu 8.04 (Hardy Heron)

2.8 Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Hardy Heron)

Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex)

Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex). The default wallpaper depicts an

2.11 Ubuntu 9.10 (Karmic Koala)

Ubuntu 8.10 (Intrepid Ibex), released on 30 October

2.10 Ubuntu 9.04 (Jaunty Jackalope)

In an announcement to the community on 20 February

In June 2009, Canonical created the One Hundred Paper

Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)

The desktop installation of Ubuntu 9.10 replaced Pidgin

2.12 Ubuntu 10.04 LTS (Lucid Lynx)

Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx)

Shuttleworth rst announced Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid

The new release includes, among other things, improved

The distribution emphasizes the new importance of web

available in Ubuntu 11.04 under the title Ubuntu Classic

Ubuntu 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat)

In reviewing Ubuntu 11.04 upon its stable release, Ryan

(10.10.10) at around 10:10 UTC.[107][108][109][110][111]

Ubuntu 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot)

2.14 Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)

Ubuntu 11.10 nal release (13 October 2011) running Unity

Ubuntu 11.04 Desktop (Natty Narwhal) using Unity.

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)

Jesse Smith of DistroWatch said that many people, like

Ubuntu 12.04 LTS desktop

2.17 Ubuntu 12.10 (Quantal Quetzal)

Ubuntu 12.10s default desktop

On 23 April 2012 Shuttleworth announced that Ubuntu

a means of running web applications directly from the

In the week prior to the stable release of Ubuntu 12.10

Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)

Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

In early November, the Electronic Frontier Foundation

In reviewing Ubuntu 13.04 Jim Lynch from Desktop

The Wubi installer was dropped as of 13.04, due to its

Ubuntu 13.10 (Saucy Salamander)

Support for Ubuntu 12.10 Quantal Quetzal ocially

2.18 Ubuntu 13.04 (Raring Ringtail)

Consideration was given to changing the default browser 2.20

Ubuntu 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr)

Ubuntu 13.10 was intended to be the rst Ubuntu release

Ubuntu 14.04 Trusty Tahr

Mark Shuttleworth announced on 31 October 2011 that

On 18 October 2013, it was announced that Ubuntu 14.04

Joey Sneddon of OMG Ubuntu noted that recent Ubuntu