Drainage Design For Soroako - Port Channel

Basin Vol = (storage depth + settling depth) x length x depth
QLD Guidelines
Minimum depth of the settling zone is 0.6 m
Avoid having settling zone greater than 1.0 m
Minimum length:width = 3:1 (single inflow point)
Minimum length:width = 2:1 (multiple inflow point with baffles)
For basin longer than 120 m, the minimum depth is L/200
Where L = basin length (m)
R
80 mm
A
Q
0.1
0.093
80
0.093
Km2
m3/s
mm
m3/s
Q=CIA Q=CIA
3.6
360
where:
Q (m3/s)
I (mm/hr)
A (km2)
where:
Q (m3/s)
I (mm/hr)
A (ha)
For Pipe
D = [Q.n/0.464.S1/2]3/8
Rainfall
Area
Volume
40
0.04
3.5
35000
1400
mm
m
ha
m2
m3
tc = 1/60 (L/V)
Friend's Equation
t = (107 n L0.333)/S0.2
t = overland sheet flow travel time (min)
L = overland length (m)
n = Horton's roughness value (similar to thoe for Manning's)
S = Slope of surface (%)
Basin Type C
Q = CIA/360
CA
Tc
C10
C1
R(1yr,5 min)
=
=
Eff. CA
2 ha
0.5 ha (undisturbed)
1.5 ha (disturbed)
in m2
5000
15000
C
0.6
0.8
5 min
0.8 (runoff coefficient, disturbed site)

0.64
117 mm/hour
1.5 ha
Design flow rate

Q
=
=
=
0.25 (Q1) =
0.25 [1/360 x (0.64 x 117 x 1.5)]

0.25 x 0.312
0.078 m3/s
Calculate Basin Surface Area

Surface Area:
As = 3400 (Q) = (3400) x (0.078)
As = 265.2 m2
Determine settling zone length, width and depth
Basin Length (L) = 3 times basin width (W)
Surface area As = 3W 2
Basin width:
W=
9.4 m
Basin length:
L=
28.2 m
Basin Area:
A=
265.08 m2
Nominate settling zone depth:
0.6 m
Settling zone volume:
159.0 m3 or
176.8 m/ha
1768
106.0 m3/ha
Note:
No allowance has been made of effects of the sloping sides of the basin
The above dimensions are assumed to exist at the base of the settling zone
Basin Type F & D

CA
=
1.2 ha
The basin will be at its design limit when
Determine volumetric runoff coefficient
Given
Cv =
0.5 for open soil
Cv =
1.0 for sealed surface
Effective Cv is given by
0.8 ha is open earth

0.4 is sealed surface
CA
3000
12000
15000
= [(0.8) (0.5) + (0.4) (1)] / 1.2 =
0.667
Calculate settling volume

Vs = 10 x R(1yr,5-day) x Cv x A
Adopt a 75% design rainfall probabillity
From Table 4.26, R =
36.9
mm
Vs = (10) (36.9) (0.667) (1.2) =
295.2 m3 (approx 246 m3/ha)
Choose basin dimension

Nominate a settling depth of
0.6
Surface area approximately equals
Let L = 3W
Therefore, W =
and
L=
A=
m
492
m2 at the base of settling zone
12.8 m
38.4 m
492.0 m2
Determine the sediment storage volume

Select a sediment storage volume equal to half of the settling volume =
147.6 m3
2
At a surface area of around 492 m , the sediment storage depth will be slightly deeper
than 0.3 m
Discharge Calculation for Small Catchments Area

Project
Manual used
: Balantang
: Queensland Road Drainage Design Manual (issued in June 2003)
: Australian Rainfall and Runoff, 1987
Design flood : 5 years Average Recurrence Interval (ARI)
Peak flow rate calculated using the Rational Method formula: Q y= k x Cy x Itc,y x A
k = 0.278 if A in km 2 or k = 0.00278 if A in hectares.
A = area of catchments
C5 = runoff coefficient for an ARI 5 years (dimension less)
Where :
Itc,5 = average rainfall intensity (mm/h) for design duration of tc hours and ARI of 5 years
tc,5 = time of concentration (hours) for ARI of 5 years
Q5= 5 years ARI design discharge in m3/sec.
Length of
catchments in meter
Slope of catchments
in %
Approx.stream
velocity, from Table
3.9 (m/s)
Overland flow time,

tc1 in minutes
Channel length in
meter
Channel fall in meter
Flow time in channel

if any use Figure 3.4,
tc2 in min.
Cross culvert length

(m)
Approx.velocity in
culvert , in (m/s).
Time of flow in
culvert, tc3 (min.)
Time of
concentration,
tc=tc1+tc2+tc3 (min.)
Runoff coefficient for

50 year ARI C50, by
using Table 3.5
Runoff coefficient for

5 year ARI C5, by
using Table 3.8
Discharge for 5 year

ARI Q5, by using
Rational Method
(m3/sec)
Section
2.43
10
205
4.9
0.9
13.80
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
13.8
99.7
124.6 141.5
0.75
0.60
0.51
D1
0.50
32
3.1
0.7
10.76
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
10.8
105.1
131.6 150.5
0.70
0.56
0.10
D2
D-E
0.18
1.5
26
5.7
0.9
10.49
82.5
0.9
1.3
1.8
0.0
11.8
102.8
129.0 147.5
0.75
0.60
0.04
D5
E-G
0.65
1.5
17
8.8
1.5
10.19
132.5
1.4
1.8
1.8
0.0
12.0
102.6
128.6 146.9
0.75
0.60
0.14
D6
D-F
0.54
0.4
44
0.9
0.3
12.44
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
12.4
101.6
127.5 145.6
0.70
0.56
0.11
D4
B-F
0.61
18
5.6
0.9
10.33
182.0
2.0
3.0
1.8
0.0
13.3
100.2
125.5 142.8
0.75
0.60
0.13
D3
F-G
0.09
0.2
11
1.8
0.7
10.26
273.0
3.0
4.3
1.8
0.0
14.6
98.2
122.0 139.4
0.70
0.56
0.02
D7
G-K
0.26
33
3.0
0.7
10.79
323.0
3.5
5.5
1.8
0.0
16.3
95.2
118.3
134.8
0.70
0.56
0.05
D8
K-L
0.19
17
5.9
0.9
10.31
415.0
4.2
6.0
1.8
0.0
16.3
95.2
118.3
134.8
0.70
0.56
0.04
D9
H-I
0.19
17
5.9
0.9
10.31
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
10.3
105.9
133.1 151.9
0.75
0.60
0.04
D10
D11
I10 in mm/h
I5 in mm/h
I2 in mm/h
J-I
0.45
11
9.1
1.5
10.12
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
10.1
106.4
133.8 152.9
0.75
0.60
0.10
I-L
0.65
0.0
1.5
10.31
486.0
5.0
7.0
1.8
0.0
17.3
93.2
115.7
131.7
0.75
0.60
0.12
Sump pit
0.03
2.655
27
10.0
1.5
10.30
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
10.3
105.9
133.1 151.9
0.75
0.60
0.006
D#6
Drain D#6
0.40
3.3
40
8.3
1.5
10.44
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
10.4
105.9
133.1 151.9
0.75
0.60
0.089
D#6
Drain D#7
0.10
3.6
30
12.0
1.5
10.33
0.0
0.0
0.0
1.8
0.0
10.3
105.9
133.1 151.9
0.75
0.60
0.022
D#7
Note:
- For length of catchments less than or equal to 1000 meters, add 10 minutes to the calculated time of
concentration for influence of overland flow
file:///var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_7/321133001.xls
ILo
Catchments Fall in
meter
A-B
C-D
Using Poso IFD
ILi
Areas in (ha)
182
82.5
50
120
164
91
50
92
71
131
140
Catchments
Table 1 Calculation of 5 years ARI Rainfall Intensity and Discharge
Channel Capacity,
Qch (m3/sec.)
Check if actual
velocity >
Vallowable
OK
Check if Qch > Q5
2.728 5.00
Design Discharge,
Q5 in m3/s
1.00% 0.009
Max. permissible
velocity in m/s.
0.12
Flow velocity, V in
m/s.
Hydraulic radius, R
in meter
0.11
Manning coefcient,
n (Table 4.3)
Wetted area (A), in

m2
0.89
Channel slope, i in
%
Wetted length (P),

in meter
Angle X in degree
0.400 0.08 0.320 253.74
Water Depth (D-F)

in meter
free board (F) in

meter
Pipe diameter (D) in

meter
Sump Pit Pipe

(MH-1 to MH-2)
Numbers of Pipe
Cross Pipe Numbers

and Location
Table 7 Calculation of Pipe Sizes - Part FullFull Condition
0.294 0.095
OK
Pipe to be use
400
mm
HDPE
Notes:
Minimum cover = 300mm
Sump pit discharged:
For Concrete Pipe n=0.013
m3/sec
m3/sec
m3/sec
m3/sec
Wash down
Dush suppression
Rainfall run off
Total
0.0060
0.0188
0.0703
0.0951
Rainfall to sum pit 1
0.0554 m3/sec
m3/sec
0.0554 m3/sec
Total rainfall dischar
0.79
45
m
1
Manning
coefcient, n
Flow velocity, V in
m/s.
Max. permissible
velocity in m/s.
Check if actual
velocity >
Vallowable
Channel Capacity,
Qch (m3/sec.)
Design Discharge,
Q5 in m3/s
Check if Qch > Q5
2.00
1.10
1.30
1.70
1.10
2.20
2.40
2.80
3.40
1.00
1.20
0.91
0.91
1.15
Channel slope, i in
%
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.20
0.20
1.00
Hydraulic radius, R
in meter
0.90
0.60
0.70
0.90
0.60
1.00
1.10
1.30
1.40
0.60
0.70
0.40
0.40
0.40
Wetted area (A), in

m2
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30
0.20
0.20
0.10
Wetted length (P),

in meter
0.60
0.30
0.40
0.60
0.30
0.70
0.80
1.00
1.10
0.30
0.40
0.20
0.20
0.30
Channel height,
(H) in meter
Freeboard (F), in
meter
0.80
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.50
0.80
0.80
0.80
1.20
0.40
0.40
0.50
0.50
0.30
Water depth (D), in

meter
182.0
82.5
D-E
50.0
E-G
120.0
D-F
164.0
B-F
91.0
F-G
50.0
G-K
92.0
K-L
71.0
H-I
131.0
J-I
140.0
Drain D#6
39.1
Drain D#7
27.7
Soroako Port Trench 130.0
A-B
C-D
Channel width (B),

in meter
Length (m)
Drain Section
Table 2 Calculation of Grade Table Drain - Open Channel
0.48
0.15
0.20
0.30
0.15
0.56
0.64
0.80
1.32
0.12
0.16
0.11
0.11
0.18
0.240
0.136
0.154
0.176
0.136
0.255
0.267
0.286
0.388
0.120
0.133
0.119
0.119
0.157
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.00%
1.38%
1.50%
1.00%
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
0.030
1.29
0.88
0.96
1.05
0.88
1.34
1.38
1.45
1.77
0.81
0.87
0.95
0.99
0.97
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
1.80
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
0.62
0.13
0.19
0.31
0.13
0.75
0.88
1.16
2.34
0.10
0.14
0.10
0.11
0.17
0.51
0.10
0.14
0.28
0.11
0.63
0.76
1.09
1.12
0.04
0.10
0.09
0.05
0.10
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
OK
F
D
D
K-L (add dimension from existing culvert 1 m)
I-K
Pipe to be use
1
X
381
21.5
1.00%
602.200
601.985
603.670
HW from
head wall
calculatio
n (meter)
HWL at
inlet
(meter)
Minimum cover = 300mm
0.30
Cover thickness - OK
0.381
602.581
Freeboar
d in
meter
Minimum
Freeboar
d in
meter
Check
freeboard
Check
cover
thickness
1.09
Minimum
Cover
thickness
(meter)
Road
Shoulder
Edge
Elevation,
inCover
meter
thickness
at road
shoulder
edge
(meters)
For Concrete Pipe n=0.013
Invert
Level at
inlet (ILi)
in meter
Invert
Level at
outlet
(ILo) in
meter
Slope in
%
Diame
ters
(mm)
Pipe
length, in
meter
Numb
ers of
Pipe
Crossing
Culvert
Numbers of Pipe
Pipe diameter (D) in
meter
Wetted area (A), in

m2
Hydraulic radius, R
in meter
Channel slope, i in
%
Manning coefcient,
n (Table 4.3)
Flow velocity, V in
m/s.
Max. permissible
velocity in m/s.
Check if actual
velocity >
Vallowable
I-K
1
0.381 1.20 0.11
0.10
1.00%
0.013
1.604
2.50
OK
0.183
0.125
OK
1
x
381
mm
RCP
Sump Pit Pipe

(MH-1 to MH-2)
1
0.300 0.94 0.07
0.08
3.23%
0.009
3.550
5.00
OK
0.251
0.025
OK
1
x
300
mm
HDPE
Sump Pit Pipe

(MH-1 to MH-2)
1
0.400 1.26 0.13
0.10
3.23%
0.009
4.301
5.00
OK
0.540
0.025
OK
1
x
400
mm
HDPE
Check if Qch > Q5
Design Discharge,
Q5 in m3/s
Channel Capacity,
Qch (m3/sec.)
Wetted length (P),

in meter
Cross Pipe Numbers

and Location
Table 3 Calculation of Pipe Sizes - Full Condition
Pipe to be use
Notes:
Sump pit discharged:
D
Wash down
Rainfall run off
Total
Table 4 Pipe Cover Thickness and Head Water Level Calculation
1.089
0.40
OK
0.003 m3/sec
0.022 m3/sec
0.025 m3/sec
nsion from existing culvert 1 m)
PROCEDURE FOR THE SELECTION OF CROSS CULVERT (C1)

Location at
Step1
List the design data
a. Design discharge, Q20 =
0.12
b. Allowable outlet velocity (with standard outlet protection).
Va =
2.500
m/s
c. Flood level in natural channel (at outlet)
FL=
603.09
m
d. Invert level of channel at outlet
IL0 =
601.99
m
e. Slope of culvert in meter per meter
S0 =
1.00%
f. Inlet invert level
ILi =
602.200
g. Allowable headwater depth in metres
Hwa =
1.07
h. Mean velocity =
1.60
Maximum velocity =
1.60
i. Length of cross culvert =
21.50
k.Inlet shoulder elevation =
603.670
k.Free board at inlet =
0.400
m3/s
m/m
m
m
m
m/s
m/s
m
m
m
Step 2
Determine the first trial culvert size:
(a)
From the equation A = Q/V area of the waterway is :
A=
0.050
m2
(b)
Select a culvert size where the soffit would be above or just below the tailwater to utilise
the full waterway opening, if practical
Depth of Tail Water = Flood level - Invert Level of natural channel
TW =
1.100
m
Assuming a height of
0.381 meter and selecting a standard size Concrete Pipe (CP) :
Page 11 of 13
C(1)
Try to use culvert :
Box culvert size

No's
Pipe (s)
Culverts
Heigh, D diameter Area in m2
Width,B (m)
(N)
in meter
(m)
1
0.00
0.00
0.381
0.11 OK
Step 3
Find the headwater depth (HW) for the trial culvert
(a)
Assume INLET CONTROL

Determine the discharge (Q) per cell (Q/N)
Q/N =
0.12
m3/s
With the ratio of discharge Q/N =
in Figure 4.9 B. to determine the ratio of HW/D.
From Figure 4.9.B the ratio of HW/D =
0.12 m3/s per cell, then using the nomograph

Entrance type
HW/D (1) =
1 square edge
HW (1) =
0.38 meter
HW/D (2) =
0.94 groove end
HW (2) =
0.36 meter HW max =
HW/D (3) =
0.95 groove end
HW (3) =
0.36 meter
projecting
Checking:
OK - this headwater is satisfactory as it less than the allowable given in the design data, item f of Step 1.
(b)
Assume OUTLET CONTROL

Since the tailwater level is above the culvert soffit at the outlet, the HW can be calculated from the equation:
HW = H + ho - L x So
ho = TW =
1.10 meter
L x So =
0.215 meter
From the nomograph in Figure F.4.9F and using:
Ke =
0.20 (Table 4.2)
CP diameter
0.381 m
Length of culvert =
21.50 meter
Discharge per cell (Q/N) =
0.12 m3/sec.
Page 12 of 13
We got, Head (H) =
C(1)
0.140 meter
0.38 meter
Therefore, HW = H + ho - L x So =
1.03 m
Checking :
Outlet Control is the governing factor
OK (acceptable) - HW outlet less than Hwa
(c)
As the HW for outlet control is higher than that for inlet control, outlet control is the
governing factor; and being less than the allowable height (HW a) of 2.0 meter is
acceptable.
Step 4
Try a culvert of another type or shape, if a comparison of alternative design cost is to be made
and determine size and head water by above procedure.
Step 5
Compute velocity through the
1
X
381
mm dia.CP
Since inlet control governs, and the head water is below the soffit of the culvert, the part full waterway area is used.
Outlet velocity = Q/Ao =
1.10 m/s
Checking:
Acceptable - velocity less than Vall
Step 6
Make selection and record all relevant data on Figure 4.7 or similar form.
Page 13 of 13
C(1)

Drainage Design For Soroako - Port Channel

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Drainage Design For Soroako - Port Channel

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Basin Vol = (storage depth + settling depth) x length x depth

0.8 (runoff coefficient, disturbed site)

Design flow rate

0.25 [1/360 x (0.64 x 117 x 1.5)]

Calculate Basin Surface Area

Basin Type F & D

0.5 for open soil

1.0 for sealed surface

0.8 ha is open earth

= [(0.8) (0.5) + (0.4) (1)] / 1.2 =

Calculate settling volume

Vs = (10) (36.9) (0.667) (1.2) =

295.2 m3 (approx 246 m3/ha)

Choose basin dimension

m2 at the base of settling zone

Determine the sediment storage volume

Discharge Calculation for Small Catchments Area

Overland flow time,

Channel fall in meter

Flow time in channel

Cross culvert length

Runoff coefficient for

Runoff coefficient for

Discharge for 5 year

Using Poso IFD

Table 1 Calculation of 5 years ARI Rainfall Intensity and Discharge

Check if Qch > Q5

Wetted area (A), in

Wetted length (P),

0.400 0.08 0.320 253.74

Water Depth (D-F)

free board (F) in

Pipe diameter (D) in

Sump Pit Pipe

Cross Pipe Numbers

Table 7 Calculation of Pipe Sizes - Part FullFull Condition

Sump pit discharged:

For Concrete Pipe n=0.013

Rainfall to sum pit 1

Total rainfall dischar

Check if Qch > Q5

Wetted area (A), in

Wetted length (P),

Water depth (D), in

Channel width (B),

Table 2 Calculation of Grade Table Drain - Open Channel

K-L (add dimension from existing culvert 1 m)

Minimum cover = 300mm

For Concrete Pipe n=0.013

Wetted area (A), in

Sump Pit Pipe

Sump Pit Pipe

Check if Qch > Q5

Wetted length (P),

Cross Pipe Numbers

Table 3 Calculation of Pipe Sizes - Full Condition

Sump pit discharged:

Table 4 Pipe Cover Thickness and Head Water Level Calculation

nsion from existing culvert 1 m)

PROCEDURE FOR THE SELECTION OF CROSS CULVERT (C1)

0.381 meter and selecting a standard size Concrete Pipe (CP) :

Try to use culvert :

Box culvert size