EXTRA VOCABULARY : MAKE or DO

MAKE: Fabricar, crear, construir un cosa ( item, object) desde el principio.

DO + Activity ==== Sport, homework , housework => Perform (realizar). ( todas las tareas del
hogar van con DO, excepto MAKE DE BED ).
WORDS USED WITH MAKE:
Make a will ==== Hacer testamento, ultimas voluntades.
Make the speech ==== Hacer una conferencia.
Make a profit ==== Hacer beneficios.
Make efforts ==== Hacer esfuerzos.
Make the bed ==== Hacer la cama.
Make noise ==== Hacer ruido.
Make progress ==== Hacer progreso.
Make a mess ==== Hacer un desastre.
Make a cake ==== Hacer un pastel.
Make money ==== Hacer dinero.
Make an inquiry ==== Hacer una consulta.
Make a phone call ==== Hacer una llamada telefonica.
Make a fuss ==== Hacer una montaa de un grano de arena, exagerar.
Make a mistake ==== Hacer un error.
Make friends ==== Hacer amigos.
Make notes ==== Hacer anotaciones.
WORDS USED WITH DO:
Do exercises ==== Hacer ejercicios ( Ex. Piano).
Do damage ==== Hacer dao ( a cosas ).
Do work ==== Hacer trabajo.
Do business ==== Hacer negocios.
Do the washing ==== Hacer la colada.
Do harm ==== Hacer dao ( a una persona = hurt ).
Do housework ==== Hacer el trabajo de la casa ( en general ).
Do crossword ==== Hacer crucigramas.
Do the washing up ==== Fregar los platos.
Do well ==== Hacerlo bien.
Do the ironing ==== Planchar.

GRAMMAR 6A : THE PASSIVE

Shakespeare

Aurora

wrote

Romeo and Juliet

didn't write

ACTIVE

Romeo and Juliet

Romeo and Juliet

was written

Romeo and Juliet

wasn't written

by Shakespeare

PASSIVE

by Aurora

USE :
- If we want to focus on the subject we use the ACTIVE.
- If we want to focus on the object, we use the PASSIVE.
- To be more formal / impersonal.
- To describe processes ( Instructions, Scientific process,..).
- When the person who does the action is :
1) Not mentioned.
2) Unknown.
3) Obvious.
4) Unimportant.
EX) They are restoring the cathedral
The catedral

is being restored

by them

STRUCTURE:
BE ( ALL FORMS) +

PAST PARTICIPLE (PPLE)

PRESENT SIMPLE ==> AM / IS / ARE + PPLE

PRESENT CONTINUOUS ==> AM / IS / ARE + BEING + PPLE
PAST SIMPLE ==> WAS / WERE + PPLE
PAST CONTINUOUS ==> WAS / WERE + BEING + PPLE
PRESENT PERFECT ==> HAVE / HAS + BEEN + PPLE
PAST PERFECT ==> HAD + BEEN + PPLE
FUTURE ==> WILL BE + PPLE
==> AM / IS / ARE + GOING TO BE + PPLE
CONDITIONAL ==> WOULD BE + PPLE
==> COULD BE + PPLE

GERUND ==> BEING + PPLE

INFINITIVE ==> TO BE + PPLE
MODALS ==> SHOULD / CAN / MIGHT / OUGHT TO / MUST + BE + PPLE
PASSIVE WITH TWO OBJECTS
The boy

gave

my sister

a present

( Si el objeto indirecto va antes que el objeto directo: No se pone TO )

There are two options :
1) My sister was given a present by the boy
2) A present was given to my sister

by the boy

In the past, the earth was thought to be flat.

VOCABULARY 6B: THE BODY

PARTS OF THE BODY :
ARMS = BRAZOS
BACK = ESPALDA
EARS = OIDOS
EYES = OJOS
FACE = CARA, ROSTRO
FEET ( singular FOOT ) = PIES
FINGERS = DEDOS ( de la mano )
HANDS = MANOS
HEAD = CABEZA
KNEES = RODILLAS
LEGS = PIERNAS
LIPS = LABIOS
MOUTH = BOCA
NECK = CUELLO ( exterior )
NOSE = NARIZ
SHOULDERS = HOMBROS
STOMACH = ESTOMAGO
TEETH ( singular TOOTH) = DIENTES
TOES = DEDOS ( de los pies )
TONGUE = LENGUA
VERBS RELATED TO THE BODY
BITE = MORDER ( irregular verb BIT / BITTEN )
CLAP = APLAUDIR ( CLAPPED regular verb )
KICK = CHUTAR, PATEAR ( KICKED regular verb )
NOD = ASENTIR CON LA CABEZA, INCLINAR LA CABEZA ( NODDED regular verb )
POINT = SEALAR ( POINTED regular verb )
SMELL = OLER ( SMELT / SMELT irregular verb )
SMILE = SONREIR ( SMILED regular verb )
STARE (AT) = MIRAR FIJAMENTE A ALGUIEN, QUEDARSE MIRANDO ( regular verb )
TASTE = SABOREAR, TENER UN GUSTO ( TASTED regular verb )
THROW = LANZAR ( THREW / THROWN irregular verb )
WHISTLE = SILBAR (regular verb )