Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dear Friends,
This book is dedicated to all Quality Lovers, who really have respect for quality by heart. My motto
is only help people who are willing to grow with Quality and for Quality.
I am so much grateful to Mr. B.N. Saxena (First QC Trainer of India), who is my Quality Circle
mentor. Beside this I am also grateful to Mr. J.K.Kaushik (Regional Director- QCFI, Haridwar
Chapter) for developing me as a ‘Certified Trainer of Quality Circle’. I am also heartily thankful to
Mr. D.K. Srivastva( Executive Director, QCFI) for providing a platform through QCFI by which we
learned many Quality Concepts like Kaizen, TPM, LQC etc. and successfully standing India at
International Level .
Under the guidance of my aforesaid torch bearers I summarized some key questions in this book.
My emotional appeal to you, please don’t copy and distribute this book to your friends, because it is
free on my website ( http://how-to-possible-it.com ). If you really want to help your friends please
give reference of my website so that they may collect a lot of knowledge about quality concepts and
many aspects of life, as a free gift.
cheers ! ! Index
Chapter No Chapter Name Page No.
2. CONCEPTS OF QUALITY 5
5. FLOW DIAGRAMS 10
6. BRAIN STORMING 12
12. MISCELLANEOUS 25
Q. Who developed sampling techniques that were used for conducting 1940's census in the USA?
A. Dr. W.E.Deming.
Q. Whose quotation is this "Quality control begins with education and ends with education"
A. Dr. K. Ishikawa.
Q. Who brought two sub steps in the four steps of Deming wheel?
A. Dr. K. Ishikawa.
Q. During which period Prof. Mahalanobis was a member of the planning commission of
Government of India ?
A. 1955-67
Q. "As long as there is a work place, QC circle activities must be continued" who said this ?
A. Dr. K. Ishikawa
Q. Dr. J.M. Juran encompassed Quality Planning Quality Control and quality improvement into one
word it is.
A. Juran's Trilogy.
Q. Who said that "Engineers, who passed judgment based on the experimental data must know
statistical methods by heard ?
A. Dr. K. Ishikawa.
Q. Person who was responsible for propounding the theory of design of Experiments is
A. Dr. Genichi Taguchi.
Q. Quality Guru lived for more than 100 years and died recently is
A. Dr. J.M. Juran.
Q. Which three does not belong to Elementary statistical Method described by Dr. K. Ishikawa ?
A. Brain storming, flow diagram, Mile stone chart.
Q. Dr. A.V. Feignbaam was best known through his article on?
A. Total Quality control.
Q. Which award was given to Dr. J.M. Juran for his contributions in the field of quality by
President George Bush ?
A. National Medal of Technology.
Q. As per Dr. Deming, the prime requisite for achievement of any goal, including quality is
A. Transformation of organization.
Q. Who has developed methods for on line and off line quality control ?
A. Dr. Ganichi Taguchi
Q. Who was the first to argue that "Quality should be considered at all stages of the process and not
just within the manufacturing function ?
A. Dr. A.V. Feigenbaum.
Q. Who gave the concept of “ Zero defect” and wrote the book “ Quality without tears” ?
A. Philip B. Crosby
Q. Who has first used charling tehniques to improve quality of medical care ?
A. Florence Nightingale.
Q. Who wrote the book “ Total Quality Control : The Japanese Way”
A. Dr. K. Ishikawa.
Q. Juran’s trilogy deals with planning and control. What is the third one ?
A. Improvement
Q. Who gave the 14 points for Quality improvment to the top management ?
A. Dr. Deming
Q. Who donated his personal library and his manuscripts to Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata ?
A. Dr. W. A. Shewhart
Q. Which quality guru is known through his article on Total Quality Control ?
A. Dr. A.V. Feigenbaum.
CHAPTER –II
Q. What is CWQC ?
A. Company Wide Quality Control.
Q. As per Dr. Juran's twelve steps method of problem solving the 12 step is -
A. Monitor & control system.
Q. What is the last step to be followed in the Dr. Juran Project by project method ?
A. Control at the New level.
Q. What is the first, second & third stage of industrial cycle as per Dr. A.V. Feigenboun.
A. I Step – New Design Control
CHAPTER – III
Q. KEI-DAN-REN is _
A. An Association at Japan's Chief Executives.
Q. What is QCRG ?
A. Quality Control Research group
Q. The two journals published by JUSE, which became the house hold names as per Dr. J.M.Juran ?
A. Statistical Quality Control and Quality Control for the foreman.
Q. Evaluation of work consists of two methods one is checking the causes. What is other one ?
A. Checking through results.
CHAPTER – IV
Q. In Quality Circle, when 'L', 'O', 'A' is used to indicate attendance in the Register.
A. L – Not presence for work or Leave
D- While the member is deputed on duty.
A- Present at work and absent in QC meeting.
Q. Whose job is to ensure that the Quality Circle meetings are conducted regularly with good
attendance ?
i) Leader ii) Member iii) Facilitator iv) Co-ordinator
A. Leader
Q. A QC coordinator is ?
A. Overall co-ordinator, educator and a conscience keeper of the steering committee.
Q. The member who Asks wild questions in a Quality Circle meeting is jocularly called as a -
i) Monkey ii) Porcupine iii) Giraffe iv) Fox
A. Monkey
Q. What are the three steps we have to take sequentially before conducting a meeting ?
A. i) Establish purpose ii) Distribute agenda in advance iii) Plan for the conduct of meeting
Q. Where should the presence of an invitee or a potential member be marked in the Register?
A. Special invitee.
Q. Whose responsibility is it to educate the Quality Circles and guide them appropriately ?
A. Facilitator.
Q. Who is facilitation ?
A. Guiding & nurturing Quality Circles as a catalyst.
Q. In the structure of Quality Circles those first line workers, who are not the members of Quality circles
are called as -
A. Potential Members.
Q. Once trial implementation is successful and approved by the management, whose responsibility
is it to implement in totality?
A. Management.
Q. Who should take the lead in changing the culture for the permeation of Quality in an organization ?
A. Top Management.
CHAPTER – V
FLOW DIAGRAMS
Q. Which tool/technique will help us to have clarity of the process without visiting the actual work
spot ?
i) Stratification ii) Flow diagram iii) Histogram iv) Brain Storming
A. Flow diagram.
= Decision
= Terminal
= Activity
Q. Name the types of flow diagram which show the flow of operations within department and
across the departments ?
A. Matrix; Detailed Flow diagram.
Q. Which one of the actions is not part of the 4 steps approach given by Dr. J.M.Juran to analyse
process flow chart.
i) Examine each decision making symbol ii) Examine each rework symbol.
iii) Examine each terminal symbol iv) Examine each activity symbol
Q. Which one of the following actions is not part of 4 step approach given by Dr. J.M. Juran to
analyse process flow chart ?
i) Data Base Symbol ii) Connector iii) Decision symbol iv) Re-loop
A. Connector.
Q. There are 3 types of flow diagram High level and detailed flow diagram what is the third one ?
A. Matrix flow diagram.
Q. To show process flow in a unit normally which type of flow diagram has to be used ?
A. High Level flow Diagram.
Q. What is the fourth step approach under the delailed flow diagram ?
A. Re loop
Q.Which tool or technique is required to enable understanding of process and locate the problem ?
A. Flow diagrams
CHAPTER – VI
BRAIN STORMING
i) Free wheeling ii) Slip method iii) Round robin iv) None of the above
A. Round robin.
Q. During problem identification stage, which type of brain storming will be more useful for the
Quality Circle.
i)Slip method ii) Unstructured method c) Round Robin method iv)Reverse brain storming
A. Round Robin method.
Q. In the context of Brain storming, the ability to look into the future is -
i) Drive ii) Fluency iii) Awareness iv) Flexibility
A. Awareness.
Q. In the context of Brain storming, the capability for maximum number of ideas within a given
time or the rate of flow of ideas is known as -
i) Drive ii) Fluency iii) Awareness iv) Flexibility
A. Fluency.
Q. In Brain storming -
i) Quality is more important than quantity.
ii) Quantity is more important than quality.
iii) Quality and Quantity both are important.
iv) Both are not important.
A. Quantity is more important than quality.
Q. Is Suggesting opposite ideas to what has already been given permitted in Brain storming.
A. Yes.
Q. Out of the 5 key elements identified by J.P. Gilford on human ability to be creative willingness
to contribute to achieve and goal without the fear of failure is termed as -
A. Drive.
Q. What is Hitch-hiking ?
A. Building-up on others idea.
Q. How can the ability of a mind to move from one area to another quickly can be measured?
A. By counting the categories of the idea given.
Q. As per Mr. J.P. Guilford what are 5 key elements concerning human ability to be creative ?
A. Drive, fluency, Flexibility, originality and awareness.
Q. Ability of a mind to move from one idea to another idea quickly, belongs to which
key element of Human creativity- as per J.P. Gilford.
A. Flexibility.
Q. Which tool/technique is required for the generation of ideas in problem listing finding out
causes and solution ?
A. Round Robin.
Q. If you want to collect the ideas of customers or suggestions from your customers from all over
India, which type of Brain-storming will help you for this purpose.
A. Slip Method.
Q. Which Guru taught the Japanese through JUSE Statistical Quality Control ?
A. Dr. K.Ishikawa.
Q. What is stratification ?
A. Separation of data into categories.
Q. Which type of check sheet is useful in the final test of product at the end of manufacturing line ?
A. Product Quality Assurance check.
Q. Which check sheet is most useful for final test of the product before packing?
A. Check list type check sheet.
Q. To know the type of defects and their magnitude, which type sheet should be used ?
A. Defective items checks.
Q. Which kind of check sheet is meant to be placed over a drawing or sketch of a product for the
location of defects to be identified and investigated ?
A. Defect Location check sheet.
Q. Generally data are of two types one is 'Measurable Data' what is the second one ?
A. Attributed.
Q. For converging from about 8 problems to one, what method do QC use in case at non availability
of data
A. Priority 1 ranking.
Q. If the formats are not proper and adequately prepared and tested in working condition, this may
create error in interpretation. This is called as ------
A. Non Response bias.
Q. Which type of the check sheets is meant to be placed in the drawing or sketch of the product so
that location of defects can be identified and investigated ?
A. Defect Location check sheet.
Q. If the Quality characteristics can be measured with the help of an instrument equipment or
measuring process it is called --
A. Measurable data.
Q. A simple data recording from specially designed so that data can be interprated readily from the
sheet itself is known as --
A. check sheet.
Q. Which check sheet is most useful for final test of product before dispatch ?
A. Product Quality Assurance Check
Q. Give any two types of special graphs derived from Bar Graphs.
A. a) Flat (Float) b) Belt
Q. In which type of control chart the upper and lower control limits will not be constant but will be
varying ?
a) 'C' Chart b) hp chart c) 'P' chart d)X-R chart
A. 'P' chart.
Q. For a control chart the upper and lower control limits are set at :
a) Plus 3 sigma from the mean
b) Minus 3 sigma from the mean
c) Plus & minus 3 sigma from the mean
d) None of the above.
A. Plus and minus 3 sigma from the mean
Q. When a process is following normal distribution what % of observations fall outside the 3 sigma
limits ?
a) 3% b) 3.2 parts per million c) 0.27% d) 2.2 Parts per billion
A. 0.27%
Q. For correct data analysis representative sampling is recommended. This means --\
a) Only best pieces should be sampled b) only worst pieces should be sampled.
c)None of above d) Samples covering the overall population of interest should be sampled
A. Samples covering the overall population of interest should be sampled
Q. In a Pareto Diagram one vertical axis is quantity and other vertical axis at the end represents.
A. Percentage.
Q. Average and standard deviation are sufficient to describe which type of distribution ?
A. Normal distribution.
Q. In a control chart if all the points are within the control limits, what does it indicate ?
A. The process is stable.
Q. Can we conclude that a process is under control when there are 7 or more points continuously on one
side of the average line ?
A. No.
Q. What is the formula for calculating UCL & LCL for X-R chart ?
A. UCLx = x+A2R ; LCLx = X- A2R
Q. In X-R Chart, the value of A2R is 1.8, calculate the value of sigma i.e. Standard deviation ?
A. 0.6
Q. The chart which helps to measure the stability of the process over a period of time is known as -
A. Control chart.
Q. Why does variation in the dispersion of data occur within the limit of Quality standard ?
A. Due to chance causes.
=
Q. Calculate the value of sigma of a process, if the value A2R = 3.3, value of A2 = 0.577 and X = 75.2.
A. 1.1
Q. Which are the last & first of the problem solving steps where graph may be used ?
A. Follow-up & review ; Selection of problem.
Q. Graphs can be divided into two main groups, What are they ?
A. i) Commonly used graph ii) Special purpose graph.
Q. For showing relative portion of the various components, which the commonly used graphs that
will be useful ?
A. Pie graph.
Q. For showing relative improvement in various topics of PST and the area where improvement is
required, which type of graph to be used ?
A. Radar Graph.
Q. Pareto diagram is the combination of two types of graphs, What are these ?
A. Bar & Line graph.
Q. To show the trend for different years in the total expenses and expenses with respect to different
heads of the total, which type of graphs would be better ?
A. Strata Graph.
Q. To show the sale of a product, monthly, cumulative and comparison with the last twelve months,
which graph will be suitable.
A. Zee graph.
Q. To shown the contrasting trends between levels of independent variables, which graph is appropriate
A. Pyramid graph.
Q. Which type of graph is used to show the trend for the total data of a process and for each
component of the label ?
A. Belt Graph.
Q. What are the essential types of graphs which Qcs generally use ?
A. Bar, Line, Pie & Pictorial graph.
Q. Which tool will be more useful for upper management for checking the effectiveness of any process ?
A. Control charts
Q. If most of the bars are roughly the same height in a Pareto diagram, what does it include ?
A. Stratification of causes are not adequate.
Q. The current "Vital few and useful many" was a modification from the earlier " Vital few and .....?
A. Trivial Many.
Q. If most of the Bars are roughly the same height in a Pareto diagram, what does it indicate ?
A. Data not stratified properly.
Q. To separate the vital few causes from the number of causes, which tools to be used ?
A. Pareto Diagram.
Q. Pareto Diagram is a tool to help in differentiating problems/causes into two major groups, what are
they ?
A. Vital few & useful many.
Q. Even though C&E diagram is verbal tool, it has been recognized as a statistical tool by
a) JSI(Japanese Standards Institute) b) JIPM c) JUSE d) Kai Dan Ren
A. JSI(Japanese Standards Institute.)
Q. While drawing a dispersion type of causes and effect diagram, the sub and sub causes are arrived at
by what analysis ?
A. Why-why analysis.
Q. While doing what analysis did the Halian economist whilferd Pareto observed the famous 80-20 ratio.
A. Distribution of wealth among people.
Q. In which year, Dr. K. Ishikawa used cause and effect diagram in Kawasaki ban works.?
a) 1943 b) 1962 c) 1965 d)1982
A. 1943
SCATTER DIAGRAM
Q. At the process is bell shaped, we can say that the process appears to be --
A. Normal.
Q. When the co efficient co-relation between 2 variables is 0-9 What does it indicate ?
A. There is strong positive co-relation.
Q. What % of values lies between plus and minus 3 sigma, when the process is under normal
distribution ?
a) 91.73% b) 99.73% c) 93.83% d) 97.73%
A. 97.73%.
Q. For the totality of all possible observations, we can think of term called........?
A. Population.
Q. How many defective pieces will be in a lot of 20000 pieces of toy? If the process is adjudged as 3
sigma level.
A. 54.
Q. Which of the problem solving tools is a graphical representation of a cause and effect between two
variables ?
A. Scatter diagram.
Q. Which tool or technique is required to study the process variation & capability ?
A. Histogram
Q. What is the minimum number of problems to be identified for problems bank, as suggested by QCFI
A. 50
Q. In the sequence of problem solving steps, what is the step number of "Regular implementation" in
the sequential order ?
A. 11
CHAPTER XII
MISCELLANEOUS
Q. Which theory conceders that work is as natural as play if it is associated with recognition ?
a) Mc Gregor's Y theory b) Maslow's theory c) Alton Maya's theory d)Masllow's theory
A. Mc Gegor's Y theory
Q. Who showed Dr. Juran that the salary of General Motor's executives is in line with Pareto's theory?
a) M.G. Lorenz b) W. Pareto c) K.Ishikawa d) Mark Hale.
A. Merk Hale
Q. Which was the first of its kind in statistical system where verbal information and not numerical data
where used for problem analysis ?
a) Stratification b) Control chart c)Cause & effect diagram d) Scatter diagram
A. Cause and effect diagram.