IGC 2.

2 TRANPORT HAZARDS AND CONTROL

1. A. Define the term workplace transport and give THREE examples of such transport
The term includes any vehicle that is being used in a work setting for work purpose. Examples forklift
trucks; compact dumpers, tractors, mobile cranes etc.
b. Outline the hazards associated with workplace transport operations.

Collision with pedestrians

Collision with other vehicles
Overloading of vehicles
Overturning of vehicles
General vehicle movements and parking
Access and egress from the buildings and the site
Reversing of vehicles, especially inside buildings

c. Outline the factors to be considered when planning traffic routes within a busy warehouse

Pedestrian and vehicle routes

Requirement for reversing vehicles
Markings on the routes
Number of people in the warehouse
Blind corners
Lighting
Refuge areas
Crossing points

d. Describe the main aspects of a control strategy for safe workplace transport operations

effective supervision of the area where vehicle operations are in place

provision of banksman, traffic controller
training requirements to drivers
site enforcement on speed limits
regular health checks to drivers
provision of high visibility clothing
avoiding reversing of vehicles
physical segregation of vehicles from pedestrians

2. A. Identify SIX ways in which people may be injured by vehicles that are operating in a workplace

Poor maintenance with defective brakes, tyres and steering

Poor visibility of damaged mirrors, lack of blind corner mirrors etc
Operating on uneven, steep gradients
Carrying of passengers in an unauthorised manner
Access and egress arrangements done inadequately
Collision with other vehicles
Loads falling and hitting over peopl

b. Identify the important contents of a training programme for vehicle drivers so that the risk of accidents
to themselves and other employees may be reduced.

Operating procedures and controls of the vehicle

To drive only authorised vehicle
Not to drive when the drivers had alcohol, stressed or ill health
Use the seat restraints
Know operating limits
Ensure vehicles are well maintained
Park vehicles appropriately
Make sure visible aids are properly used
Report any defects immediately

c. Outline the actions required by both drivers and pedestrians to improve the safety of pedestrians in
vehicle manoeuvring areas

carry out a risk assessment

develop a safe system of work
restrict reversing of vehicles
provide physical segregation to pedestrians with raised pathway
provide suitable high visibility clothing
fit reversing alarms
employ banks man

d. Outline the hazards and controls associated with reversing vehicles in a warehouse
hazards:

hit pedestrians and structures

poor visibility

loss of loads
controls:

installing one way system

parking in such a way that reversing is not required
fitting reversing alarms
employing banks man

3. The warehouse of a plastic products manufacturer is to be enlarged to enable the use of internal transport
to transfer the goods between racking and lorry loading bays.
a. Outline the design features of the traffic routes that should be addressed in order to minimise the risk
of fork lift truck related accidents

Providing traffic routes with smooth and stable surfaces

Providing convex mirrors in blind corners
Suitable parking areas
Good standard of lighting
Segregating vehicles and pedestrians
Marked crossing points

b. Describe additional measures that need to be taken to protect pedestrians from the risk of being
struck by a forklift truck in the warehouse

Selecting competent drivers

Conducting regular health screening to the drivers

Information on site rules to delivery drivers

Enforcing speed limits
4. Describe the roll over (ROPS) and falling object (FOPS) protection techniques that are used to protect
drivers of mobile work equipment. Outline suitable control measures that will need to be introduced to
reduce the risk of further accidents.
ROPS is a cab or a frame that provides a safe zone for the vehicle operator in the event of a rollover. It needs to be
correctly installed as per manufacturers instructions. Where ROPS is fitted, a suitable seat restraint system should
also be fitted. The use of seat restraint will help to reduce accidents when drivers are thrown from machines
through windows or doors of the equipment in use.
FOPS to be fitted where there is a significant risk of falling objects on the equipment operator. Canopies that
protect against falling objects must be properly designed and certified for use.
Control measures:

FOPS and ROPS are required to test and inspect prior to use

where there is a significant risk of objects falling on the equipment operator or other authorised person
using the mobile equipment.

Front loaders work where there is a risk of falling objects monitor the movement.

Canopies used should never be modified by the user

Canopies to be fitted as per the manufacturers instructions only.
5. Following an accident between a vehicle and a worker on a construction site, it was decided to examine
the vehicle routes on the site.
Outline suitable control measures that will need to be introduced to reduce the risk of further accidents

The physical segregation of vehicles and pedestrians

Crossing points for pedestrians
Requirement of reversing vehicles
Availability of blind spot mirrors
Appointment of banksmen
Visibility issues such as hi-vis clothing
Audibility of the vehicle movement
Raised pathways
Speed limits
Signage and camera installation

6. Managing work-related road risk is an important part of a health and safety management system. Outline
the possible risks and controls associated with:
1. The driver

Incompetency may lead to accidents.

To be trained and medically fit to operate the vehicle.
2. The vehicle

Mechanical failure

Poor maintenance

Selection

Speed governors
3. The journey

Overhead restrictions

Level crossings

Suitable routes

Scheduling

Time management

7.A. Identify SIX health and safety rules for drivers on company business

All drivers must have a current and valid driving licence

All vehicles must carry comprehensive insurance for use at work
Plan the journey in advance
Use hazard lights
Use headlights
Maintain speed limits
No driving whilst alcohol consumed

7. B.Identify the particular risks associated with long distance lorry driving

Fatigue
Ergonomic issues
Stress
Lack of breaks