Professional Documents
Culture Documents
El verbo "to be" y sus auxiliares es uno de los temas ms importante en el ingls ya
quenos permite hablar acerca de los nombres de las personas, edades,
nacionalidades y trabajos. En la prctica es ampliamente utilizado para saludar a las
personas y presentarse ante ellas.
En la ilustracin se muestra el ejemplo de decir que tal o cual (es) persona (s) es
son de Mxico. En ingles es muy comn que lo que los pronombres estn unidos
a los auxiliares formando una "contraccin" que hace referencia a las dos
palabras juntas, en este caso el apostrofe indica la contraccin:
Volviendo a las preguntas del verbo "to be". La gramtica de las interrogaciones para
preguntas con respuesta de S y No es la siguiente:
Oraciones Interrogativas del verbo to be
(Cmo te llamas?)
(Mi nombre es Juan)
(Cmo estas?)
(Estoy bien)
- Where is he from?
- He is from Spain
My (m, mis)
His (su, sus - hablando de l)
Her (su, sus - hablando de ella)
Its
(su, sus - hablando de animales o cosas)
Our (nuestro, nuestra, nuestros, nuestras)
Your (tu, tus - de tu);
(su, sus - de ustedes)
They - Their (su, sus - hablando de ellos o ellas)
Primer ejemplo de presentation:
Hi my name is Alberto, I am an English Teacher and I'm from Reynosa, Mexico.
This is my friend. Her name is lucy and she's from Colombia.
Her boyfriend's name is Peter. He's from Colombia also.
We are living in Mexico. Our workplaces are in this country.
Traduccin:
(Hola mi nombre es Alberto, Soy un maestro de ingls y soy de Reynosa, Mxico
Esta es mi amiga. Su nombre es Lucia y ella es de Colombia.
El nombre de su novio es Pedro. l es de Colombia tambin.
Estamos viviendo en Mxico. Nuestros lugares de trabajo estn en este pas)
Segundo ejemplo de presentacin:
Hi, My name is Alberto. I'm 24 years old.
This is my friend Walter. He is from Mexico but his parents are from USA.
Their names are Jack and Kate.
Traduccin
(Hola, mi nombre es Alberto. Tengo 24 aos.
Este es mi amigo Walter. l es de Mxico pero sus padres son de Estados Unidos
Sus nombres son Jack y Kate.)
Como se puede ver, para presentarse y presentar personas es importante
conocer el uso adecuado de los pronombres personales y de los adjetivos
Present Perfect
I am a student
Soy un estudiante
I am studying
Estoy estudiando
Past
Past Perfect
I was a student
Fui/era un estudiante
I was studying
Estuve/estaba estudiando
Future
Future Perfect
I will be a student
Ser un estudiante
I will be studying
Estar estudiando
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
I would be a student
Sera un estudiante
I would be studying
Estara estudiando
Forma Afirmativa
Forma Negativa
Forma Interrogativa
I am (I'm)
am I?
soy, estoy
no soy, no estoy
are you?
eres, ests
no eres, no ests
he is (he's)
is he?
l es, est
l no es, no est
es l?, est l?
we are (we're)
are we?
somos, estamos
no somos, no estamos
somos?, estamos?
are you?
sois, estis
no sois, no estis
sois?, estis?
are they?
Forma Afirmativa
Forma Negativa
Forma
Interrogativa
I was
was I?
fui, era,
estuve, estaba
no fui, no era,
no estuve, no estaba
fui?, era?
estuve?, estaba?
you were
were you?
fuiste, eras,
estuviste, estabas
no fuiste, no eras,
no estuviste, no estabas
fuiste?, eras?
estuviste?,
estabas?
he was
was he?
fue, era,
estuvo, estaba
no fue, no era,
no estuvo, no estaba
fue?, era?
estuvo?. estaba?
we were
were we?
fuimos, ramos,
estuvimos,
estbamos
no fuimos, no ramos,
no estuvimos, no estbamos
fuimos?, ramos?
estuvimos?,
estbamos?
you were
were you?
fuisteis, erais,
estuvisteis, estabais
no fuisteis, no erais,
no estuvisteis, no estabais
fuisteis?, erais?,
estuvisteis?,
estabais?
they were
were they?
fueron, eran
estuvieron, estaban
no fueron, no eran,
no estuvieron, no estaban
fueron?, eran?
estuvieron?,
estaban?
Present Perfect
I am - soy/estoy
you are - eres/ests
he is
we are
you are
they are
Past
Past Perfect
I was - fui/era/estuve/estaba
you were
he was
we were
you were
they were
Future
Future Perfect
I will be - ser/estar
you will be
he will be
we will be
you will be
they will be
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
I would be - sera/estara
you would be
he would be
we would be
you would be
they would be
Present Perfect
I am not
you are not
he is not
we are not
you are not
they are not
Past
Past Perfect
I was not
you were not
he was not
we were not
you were not
they were not
Future
Future Perfect
I will not be
you will not be
he will not be
we will not be
you will not be
they will not be
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
I would not be
Present Perfect
am I?
are you?
is he?
are we?
are you?
are they?
have I been?
have you been?
has he been?
have we been?
have you been?
have they been?
Past
Past Perfect
was I?
were you?
was he?
were we?
were you?
were they?
had
had
had
had
had
had
Future
Future Perfect
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
I be?
you be?
he be?
we be?
you be?
they be?
I been?
you been?
he been?
we been?
you been?
they been?
I have been?
you have been?
he have been?
we have been?
you have been?
they have been?
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
I be?
you be?
he be?
we be?
you be?
they be?
Present
I have been?
you have been?
he have been?
we have been?
you have been?
they have been?
Present Perfect
I am a student
Soy un estudiante
I am studying
Estoy estudiando
Past
Past Perfect
I was a student
Fui/era un estudiante
I was studying
Estuve/estaba estudiando
Future
Future Perfect
I will be a student
Ser un estudiante
I will be studying
Estar estudiando
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
I would be a student
Sera un estudiante
I would be studying
Estara estudiando
Forma Afirmativa
Forma Negativa
Forma Interrogativa
I am (I'm)
am I?
soy, estoy
no soy, no estoy
are you?
eres, ests
no eres, no ests
he is (he's)
is he?
l es, est
l no es, no est
es l?, est l?
we are (we're)
are we?
somos, estamos
no somos, no estamos
somos?, estamos?
are you?
sois, estis
no sois, no estis
sois?, estis?
are they?
Forma Afirmativa
Forma Negativa
Forma
Interrogativa
I was
was I?
fui, era,
estuve, estaba
no fui, no era,
no estuve, no estaba
fui?, era?
estuve?, estaba?
you were
were you?
fuiste, eras,
estuviste, estabas
no fuiste, no eras,
no estuviste, no estabas
fuiste?, eras?
estuviste?,
estabas?
he was
was he?
fue, era,
estuvo, estaba
no fue, no era,
no estuvo, no estaba
fue?, era?
estuvo?. estaba?
we were
were we?
fuimos, ramos,
estuvimos,
estbamos
no fuimos, no ramos,
no estuvimos, no estbamos
fuimos?, ramos?
estuvimos?,
estbamos?
you were
were you?
fuisteis, erais,
estuvisteis, estabais
no fuisteis, no erais,
no estuvisteis, no estabais
fuisteis?, erais?,
estuvisteis?,
estabais?
they were
were they?
fueron, eran
no fueron, no eran,
fueron?, eran?
estuvieron, estaban
no estuvieron, no estaban
estuvieron?,
estaban?
Present Perfect
I am - soy/estoy
you are - eres/ests
he is
we are
you are
they are
Past
Past Perfect
I was - fui/era/estuve/estaba
you were
he was
we were
you were
they were
Future
Future Perfect
I will be - ser/estar
you will be
he will be
we will be
you will be
they will be
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
I would be - sera/estara
you would be
he would be
we would be
you would be
they would be
Present Perfect
I am not
you are not
he is not
we are not
you are not
they are not
Past
Past Perfect
I was not
you were not
he was not
we were not
you were not
they were not
Future
Future Perfect
I will not be
you will not be
he will not be
we will not be
you will not be
they will not be
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
I would not be
you would not be
he would not be
we would not be
you would not be
they would not be
Present Perfect
am I?
are you?
is he?
are we?
are you?
are they?
have I been?
have you been?
has he been?
have we been?
have you been?
have they been?
Past
Past Perfect
was I?
were you?
was he?
were we?
were you?
were they?
had
had
had
had
had
had
Future
Future Perfect
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
will
I be?
you be?
he be?
we be?
you be?
they be?
I been?
you been?
he been?
we been?
you been?
they been?
I have been?
you have been?
he have been?
we have been?
you have been?
they have been?
Conditional
Conditional Perfect
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
would
I be?
you be?
he be?
we be?
you be?
they be?
I have been?
you have been?
he have been?
we have been?
you have been?
they have been?
Tengo que aclarar que no, que sta es una construccin hecha que significa
exactamente lo mismo que: "I have", es decir: Yo tengo.
(Nota: A continuacin de "have/has got" podemos poner cualquier sustantivo e incluso
algn verbo; "I've got a cold", "an appointment", "a map", "to go", etc.)
Recuerda:
"I have (I've) got" y "I have" significan exactamente lo mismo:Yo tengo, t tienes , l
tiene...etc. No confundir esta estructura con el "Present Perfect", en este caso, es el
"Presente" del verbo "tener".
Ahora veamos cmo se conjugan "to have got" y "to have":
HAVE (Tener)
I have [aihav]
He has [hihas]
It has [Ithas]
We have [gihav]
Estructura con "have got": Sujeto + have ('ve)/has ('s)+ got + predicado.
Presta atencin:
No confundir la contraccin de la tercera persona: She's/He's/ It's got, con la contraccin
del verbo "to be", no es "is" sino "has".
Ejemplo 1: I have (I've) got a watch [aivgataguatch]./ I have a watch
[aihavaguatch]. (Yo) tengo un reloj.
Ejemplo 2: She has (She's) got to study [shisgatusstadi]./ She has to study
[shihastusstadi]. Ella tiene que estudiar.
Ejemplo 3: It has (It's) got to work [Itsgatuguork]./It has to work [Ithastuguork].Tiene
que funcionar. (Una mquina, por ejemplo).
Ejemplo 4: They have (They've) got to go [deivgatugou]./They have to go
[deihavtugou].Ellos/Ellas tienen que irse.
Advertencia:
Ahora a practicar:
Pincha aqu para aprender a distinguir entre "have got" y "have".