Voltage amplifier

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Power amplifier

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uit who
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o accept an input voltage and pr
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ate replica of this voltage as an output voltage. Thevoltage gai
e amplifier is the amplitude ratio of the output voltage to the inp
age. Often, electronic amplifiers designed to operate in different
nments are categorized by criteria other than their voltage gain
though they are voltage amplifiers in fact. Many specialized circ
edesigned to provide voltage amplification.

The final stage in multistage amplifiers, such as audio amplifiers and radio transmitters, designed to deliv
er appreciable power to the load. Poweramplifiers may be called upon to supply power ranging from a few
watts in an audio amplifier to many thousands of watts in a radio transmitter. In audioamplifiers the load is
usually the dynamic impedance presented to the amplifier by a loudspeaker, and the problem is to maximi
ze the power delivered tothe load over a wide range of frequencies. The power amplifier in a radio transm
itter operates over a relatively narrow band of frequencies with the load essentially a constant impedance.

Audio amplifier

An electronic circuit for amplification of signals within, and in some cases above, the audible range of freq
uencies in equipment used to record andreproduce sound. Also known as audio-frequency amplifier.

Radio Frequency amplifier

radio
frequency amplifier, or RF amplifier, is a
tuned amplifier that amplifies highfrequency signals used in radio
communications. The frequency at which maximum gain occurs in an RF amplifier is
made variable by changing the inductance or capacitance of the tuned circuit.

Video amplifier

Video amplifiers allow a video signal to be filtered and displayed with a higher resolution. Signal quality is improved
with a video amplifier and, depending on the size, they can handle multiple sources of video input. The number of
input and output ports on the video amplifier and the size of the internal processor determine its capacity. Some
video amplifiers can simultaneously filter video signals from TVs, security cameras and DVRs. By processing the
signals at higher speeds, the clarity of the video image is enhanced.

Class A amplifier

The most commonly used type of power amplifier configuration is the Class A Amplifier. The Class A
amplifier is the most common and simplest form of power amplifier that uses the switching transistor in
the standard common emitter circuit configuration as seen previously. The transistor is always biased
ON so that it conducts during one complete cycle of the input signal waveform producing minimum
distortion and maximum amplitude to the output.

Class B amplifier

To improve the full power efficiency of the previous Class A amplifier by reducing
the wasted power in the form of heat, it is possible to design the power amplifier
circuit with two transistors in its output stage producing what is commonly termed
as a Class B Amplifier also known as a push-pull amplifier configuration.

Class AB amplifier

The class AB push-pull output circuit is slightly less efficient than class B because it uses a
small quiescent current flowing, to bias the transistors just above cut off, but the crossover
distortion created by the non-linear section of the transistors input characteristic curve, near
to cut off in class B is overcome. In class AB each of the push-pull transistors is conducting
for slightly more than the half cycle of conduction in class B, but much less than the full
cycle of conduction of class A.

Class C amplifier

Class-C amplifiers conduct less than 50% of the input signal and the distortion at
the output is high, but high efficiencies (up to 90%) are possible.

Class D amplifier

Half-Bridge Class D

Filter less Class D Modulator

A class-D amplifier or switching amplifier is an electronic amplifier in which the
amplifying devices (transistors, usually MOSFETs) operate as electronic switches,
instead of as linear gain devices as in other amplifiers.

Class S amplifier

A class S power amplifier is a non-linear switching mode amplifier similar in operation to the class D
amplifier. The class S amplifier converts analogue input signals into digital square wave pulses by a deltasigma modulator, and amplifies them to increases the output power before finally being demodulated by a
band pass filter. As the digital signal of this switching amplifier is always either fully ON or OFF
(theoretically zero power dissipation), efficiencies reaching 100% are possible.

Cascaded amplifier

A cascade amplifier is any two-port network constructed from a series of amplifiers, where
each amplifier sends its output to the input of the next amplifier in a daisy chain. The
complication in calculating the gain of cascaded stages is the non-ideal coupling between
stages due to loading.

Cascode amplifier

The cascode is a two-stage amplifier composed of a transconductance amplifier followed by a

current buffer.

Darlington amplifier

In electronics, the Darlington transistor (often called a Darlington pair) is a compound structure
consisting of two bipolar transistors (either integrated or separated devices) connected in such a way
that the current amplified by the first transistor is amplified further by the second one. [1] This
configuration gives a much highercurrent gain than each transistor taken separately and, in the case
of integrated devices, can take less space than two individual transistors because they can use
a shared collector. Integrated Darlington pairs come packaged singly in transistor-like packages or
as an array of devices (usually eight) in an integrated circuit.

Differential amplifier

A differential amplifier is a type of electronicamplifier that amplifies the differencebetween

two input voltages but suppresses any voltage common to the two inputs. [1] It is an analog
circuit with two inputs and and one output in which the output is ideally proportional to
the difference between the two voltages.

Push-pull amplifier

Another center-tapped transformer on the output is used to recombined the two signals
providing the increased power to the load. The transistors used for this type of
transformer push-pull amplifier circuit are both NPN transistors with their emitter terminals
connected together.

Complementary-symmetry amplifier

In most applications where AC power is driving a load, a

complementary symmetry (push-pull) power amplifier is employed.
This amplifier usually has a voltage gain of one, and a large current
gain. It is the most efficient configuration for transforming DC power
from the power supply to the AC power driving the load.

Quasi-complementary amplifier

It is possible to use the Compound pair along with a Darlington to provide a high
gain output stage.
This form of output configuration is known as a quasi-complementary symmetry
output or a pseudo complementary output.