JOURNAL ARTICLE REVIEW TEMPLATE

North American University

Education Department
M.Ed. in Educational Leadership / M.Ed. in Curriculum and Instruction
EDUC 5324 Integrating Technology into Education
Name: SAIT YANMIS

Date: 6/3/2016

Waxman, H., Boriack, A., Yuan-Hsuan, L., & MacNeli, A. (2013). Principals
Perceptions of the Importance of Technology in Schools. Contemporary Educational
Technology, 4(3), 187-196.
INTRODUCTION
Research Questions (if research questions are not specifically mentioned, what is
the theoretical background or overarching theme):

What kind of technological equipment do have you used in your life?

What technological resources have you had and used in your school?
Purpose of the research: The purpose of this study was to show how principles view
important of the technology and how principles perceptions of technology differ by years
of experience and gender.

METHODOLOGY
What is the methodology for the research or approach used to understand the
issue? Provide information regarding the following:

Participants: A convenience sample of 310 principals from a large metropolitan

area in the southwest region of the United States responded to a cognitive
interview questionnaire that asked principals about their perceptions regarding
the importance of technology for their schools. The sample consisted of 126
males and 184 females. A range of years of experience was present with 104
participants having 0-3 years of experience, 82 participants having 4-7 years, 55
participants having 8-11 years, 32 participants having 12-15 years, and 31
participants having greater than 15 years of experience.

Procedures: The questionnaire was administered by graduate students in the

Educational Leadership program at a major, urban doctoral-granting university
located in the south central region of the U.S. As part of the principals
certification course requirements, students were trained on how to administer the
instrument and required to interview a specific number of current public school
principals. The survey instrument was designed specifically for this purpose and
included both qualitative and quantitative questions.
Data Collection Methods/Data Source: Interview a specific number of current
public school principals, ask qualitative and quantitative survey questions
Data Analysis: Analysis of the interview data began with a process of data
reduction. The participants responses were read several times to become
familiar with the data. The data was then coded into meaningful categories. Once
the categories were established, another researcher independently coded a 10%
sample of responses to determine the consistency of the coding. The inter-coder
reliability results revealed a high level of agreement.
RESULTS
Findings or Results (or main points of the article): The principals responses for

the major functions of technology were grouped into six categories. And
responses differed according to principals gender and years of experience.

Communication
Instruction
Data sharing and Management
Resource
Administrative Tasks
Student Learning
DISCUSSIONS

Conclusions/Implications (for your profession): As a result, this research shows

that when administrators act as technology leaders; use technology efficiently,

support students and teachers, the teachers and students integrate and use
technology more successfully in the school.
REFLECTIONS
Students Reflections (changes to your understanding; implications for your
school/work): Principals are responsible from everything at campus. They should think
about their schools success more than teachers and parents. In our centaury,
technology is really important and useful resource and it is involving to our lives more
every day. I did not think about we will use laptops or chromebooks in our math class to
work on them and solve math questions. Now we have this technology and it really helps
students to do more practice and understand the math concepts better. Thats why;
principles always look at new technology and use this in their school.

Resources;
Chang, I.-H. (2012). The Effect of Principals' Technological Leadership on
Teachers' Technological Literacy and Teaching Effectiveness in Taiwanese
Elementary Schools. Educational Technology & Society, 15 (2), 328340.
Waxman, H., Boriack, A., Yuan-Hsuan, L., & MacNeli, A. (2013). Principals
Perceptions of the Importance of Technology in Schools. Contemporary
Educational Technology, 4(3), 187-196.

Garcia, A., & Abrego, C. (2014). Vital Skills of the Elementary Principal as
a Technology Leader. E Journal of Organizational Learning & Leadership,
12(1), 12-25.