ELECTRICITY AND INVENTIONS

Benjamin Franklin: he showed that electricity could be controlled

Thomas Edison: discover the light bulb

WHATS ELECTRICITY?
Its a form of energy
All matter is made up of atoms. Electricity forms when a part of each atom, an electron, moves from one atom to another one

An atom is made up of:

Nucleus

Electrons

Protons and neutrons

revolves around the nucleus

Positive electric charge

negative electric charge

Whats static electricity? Its the movement of electrons between two materials. When we rub the two materials together, this creates static
electricity.
It can be used to remove dust and particles that cause air pollution

Opposite charges attract

Objects with the same electricity charge are repelled.

Whats electric current?

Its the movement or flow of electrons between atoms
Through electrical conductors, electricity can flow easily. They have electrons that move easily from one atom to another. For that reason, wires
are made of metal. Metals are electrical conductors.

How does electric current flow through wires?: inside the wire the movement of an electron pushed another electron. This movement causes a
flow of negative electrons between the atoms. The electron flow in the same direction, so their negative charge creates a positive electric current
in the opposite direction

Electricity and magnetism

When electric current flows through wires, a magnetic field is produced. In it, positive charges are attracted to negative charges and when the
two charges are positive or negative, they repel each other.

Electromagnet: when negative electrons move through a wire and we wind the wire into a coil around an object made of iron

Why do we need electric circuits?

Electric circuit: is a closed loop or circle.
Electricity only flows if the circuit is closed
Electric Circuits are found in machines that use electricity

Types of circuits:

Simple circuit

Series circuit

Parallel circuit

It forms a circle

forms a circle

forms two or more circles

Theres on light bulb

one circuit with two or more light bulbs

each circuit has a light bulb

We use symbols to represent the components of an electric circuit

How do we use electricity?

We use electricity at home, in offices, factories, schools and on the street

We use electricity at home:

-to light
-to heat the house or water
-to cook
- to watch TV
- to listen to music

Electricity gets to our homes:

Its generated in power stations. Then it travels along cables to our houses.

Pylons: help keep the cables away from people or things on the ground

Fuse box: helps make the electricity safe to use

Life without electricity

Before electricity, people used candles or gas.

Thomas Edison

He was an American inventor

His most important inventions: electric light bulb, motion pictures and recorded music

Phonograph

1877
A machine that recorded sound.

Electric light bulb and power stations

1879
The first light bulb that produced light for a long period of time.
Edison built the first electric power stations

Kinetoscope

1888
It was the first motion picture camera.

The first scientific laboratory

1876 in New Jersey ( USA)

Edison invented many important machines