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ALGEBRAIC EXPRESSION
(FORM 1)
Example:
1. Solve
a. 7a+2a = 9a
b. -3b+9b = 6b
c. 4c +3c -2c =5c
Soalan:
1. Solve
a. 3a + 3a + 3a =
b. 2b + 2b + 2b =
c. -3x + x =
Example:
1. Simplify each of the
following
a. 3x + 9 -2x 1
b. 5b + 10 + b 9
Solution:
a. 3x + 9 2x 1
3x 2x + 9 -1
x+8
b. 5b + 10 + b -9
5b + b + 10 9
6b + 1
Soalan:
Simplify each of the
following
1.
2.
3.
4.
3a + a
-4c + (-3c)
3d + (-10d)
7k+(-9k) + 11k
ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSION II
(FORM 2)
1. Identify the unknows in each of
the following algebraic terms.
6ab 2
a.
1
efg
3
b.
4
pq
5
c.
2xy
d.
2. Identify the coefficient
of x
Terms
a. 2x
b. -5x
c.
Answer
49x
d.
6x 2
e.
6xy
f.
3xy 2
g.
xy
5
h.
3
xy
4
i.
3 2
x y
4
a
b
5m 2 n,6nm 2
4. Find the product of each of the
following
x x
a.
x y
b.
2 p
c.
2 p
d.
4(3 x)
e.
1
4q
2
f.
1
xy 9 yz
3
g.
h.
5 pq 6 p 2 q
k.
l.
1
ab 4a
8
3
r2
pqr
4
6
5mn n2
12ab 4ab
c.
3st (12 s 2 )
d.
12 pq 4q 2 p 2
e.
10a 2bc 5ab 2 c
f.
16 xy 2 z (2 yz 2 )
i.
3 pq 4 p 2 r
5 xy 6 x 3
j.
a.
9 xy 2 3c 27abc
b.
4 p 2 q 2 pr 8r 2
c.
(6 pq 2 r ) ( 2r 2 ) (3r )
b.
pq 2 pqr 6rpq qp
d.
12 xy 2 4 x 2 yz
c.
(3 xy 5) ( xy 2)
e.
3 pqr 9 p 2 q 2 pr
d.
(5ab 4bc) (2ab 4bc)
e.
8 x (4 x 8)
k.
(2 z ) (2 y 6 z )
f.
6x 9
3
l.
1
1
(a 4b 8c) (1 9b 6c)
2
3
g.
(3m 15) 3
h.
m.
(4a 12b 20c) 4
8 y 10
4(3 x 4)
i.
( x 3) ( x 4)
n.
7(3 p 4)
j.
(5 p 4) ( p 2)
10 p 8
2
ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSION III
(FORM 3)
(2k 3)(k 1)
Expansion of Algebraic
Expression.
b.
Example:
Expand each of the
following expressions.
3( x 4)
c.
4(2 x)
a.
b.
3a ( a 4b c)
(2 y 1)(2 y 4)
d.
c.
5
k (4k 2h)
2
Solution:
Question a.
4(2 x )
(4 2) (4 x)
e.
m
(6m 3 p 12)
3
8 4x
Question b.
3a (a 4b c)
(3a a ) (3a 4b) (3a c)
( x 2)( x 4)
f.
3a 2 12ab 3ac
Question c
(2 y 1)(2 y 4)
(3m 5)( m 4)
2 y 2 y 2 y 4 1 2 y 1 4 g.
4 y2 8 y 2 y 4
4 y2 6 y 4
9. Expand each of the following
expression.
( x 2)( x 1)
a.
a.
(3 p ) 2 12
10k 2 ,5hk 2
b.
h.
64 x 2
i.
3 xy ,9 y 2 , 6 x 2 y
c.
j.
12. Factorize
x 2 64
xy y
a.
8 xy, 4 y 2 z , 6 xyz
3 x 27
b.
15 x 2 20 xy
d.
c.
6abc 18b 2c
d.
16hk 2 4k
e.
x 2 2 xy 4 x 2
Factorization
f.
a b (a b)(a b)
2
Example:
x 16
2
Factorize
Solution:
x 2 16
x2 x4
( x 4)( x 4)
a 2 2a 1
g.
k 2 16k 64
h.
13. Simplify
(3x 1) 2 (7 x 4)
a.
b.
(2 p q ) 2 q (4 p q )
11. Factorize
p2 4
a.
x 49
3(2 p 5) ( p 3) 2
c.
b.
q2 4
c.
q (2 p )
d.
(3m n) 2
e.
m 25
2
d.
e.
4 9n 2
ALGEBRAIC
81 y 2 36
EXPRESSIONS
f.
9 p 2 12 2
g.
[EXPANSION]
Example:
Simplify
(3 x 1) 2 (7 x 4)
Solution:
Step 1: Expand
(3 x 1) 2
9 x2 6x 1
(7 x 4)
Step 2: Multiply
(3 x 1)(3x 1)
become
9x 6x 1 7x 4
2
as
following
9 x11 3x 3x 1
9 x2 6 x 7 x 1 4
9x2 6 x 1
(3 x1 3 x1 )
9 x2 6 x 7 x 1 4
become
[Note that
a m a n a m n
9 x 2 13x 3
Step 3: Combine
9x 6x 1
Answer :
9 x 2 13x 3
with
(7 x 4)
because
the original question is
(3 x 1) (7 x 4)
2
SOLUTION
(3 x 1) 2 (7 x 4)
(3 x 1)(3 x 1) (7 x 4)
9 x 2 3x 3 x 1 (7 x 4)
9x2 6x 1 7 x 4
.
9x 6x 1
2
(7 x 4)
9x2 6x 7 x 1 4
9 x 2 13x 3
15. Simplify
3(2 p 5) ( p 3) 2
(a b) 2 a 2 2ab b 2
(3 x 1) 2
a 3 x, b 1
(3 x) 2 2(3 x)(1) (1) 2
9 x2 6 x 1
SOLUTION
(3 x 1) 2 (7 x 4)
( a b) 2 a 2 2ab b 2
a 3 x, b 1
(3 x) 2 2(3 x)(1) (1) 2 (7 x 4)
9 x 2 6 x 1 (7 x 4)
(3m n) 2
b.
9x2 6x 1 7 x 4
9x2 6x 7 x 1 4
9 x 2 13x 3
17. Simplify
2 p 3q ( p 5q)
QUESTIONS
14. Simplify
(2 p q ) 2 q (4 p q )
b.
(h 5)(3h 2)
b.
(3h 4)(2h 5)
b.
3(4m 3k ) (5k m)
c.
3 x ( 4 x 2 y )
3(2 x 1)
20. Expand
(5 x y )2
d.
21. Simplify
( h 2k )( h 2k ) h 2
p(3 pq)
e.
f.
(3 p m)( p 2m)
10
a.
3x ( x 2 y ) (3x y ) 2
g.
7 n((2m n)
b.
( x 4 y )( x y) ( x 2 y ) 2
h.
(2 x 3)( x 5) 7(2 x)
c.
(2e 1)(h 3) (e 3)(2h 1)
i.
5 pq 2(1 pq )
j.
(2 x y ) 2 4 x( x y )
ALGEBRAIC
EXPRESSIONS
[FACTORIZATION]
Example:
Factorize completely:
9 xy 3 x 2
a.
b.
p 2 6( p 1) (8 p )
11
3 x 2 48
c.
e.
Solution:
9 xy 3 x 2
a.
3 x(3 y x )
b.
5 20k 2
5 p 10
f.
g.
3 x 2 12 x 12
p 6( p 1) (8 p)
2
p2 6 p 6 8 p
p2 6 p p 6 8
p 2 5 p p 14
p 2 5 p 14
( p 7)( p 2)
h.
100 k 2
3 x 48
2
c.
3( x 16)
3( x 2 42 ) a 2 b 2 (a b)(ai. b)
3( x 4)( x 4)
p 2 3 p 3q pq
QUESTIONS
24. Factorise completely each
of the following
expressions:
4e 12ef
a.
j.
b.
c.
50 2m
9 x2 1
12 3x 2
k.
pq q 2 4q 4 p
2y 6
d.
12
Express
1 m2
2 m 6m 2
81 64d
l.
as a
m.
3 x 2 2( x 1) 7
n.
1 m2
2m 6m2
1 3m
m 2
2m 3m 6m2
3m m 2
6m 2 6m 2
3m m 2
6m 2
2m 2 2( m 1)
6m 2
2(3m2 )
m 1
3m 2
x2 6 x 9
QUESTIONS
2m 2 n( m n)
o.
ALGEBRAIC
FRACTION
Example:
5m 15mv
a.
13
b.
5 2 3w
3n
6n
f.
c.
1 n4
n 3n
g.
d.
3 k 15
5m 10mk
h.
2( h 1) 4 e
eh
2e
3
1 x
2
x2 x 4
6
5
x3 x
3 2p 7
4q
12 q
e.
i.
1
p
2
mp
2m
14
F
27. Given
ALGEBRAIC
FORMULAE
,express
Example:
3n nk
5
in terms
of
Given that
2( p 3)
5
k
p
express
in terms
k
of
r2 7 p
Solution:
2( p 3)
5
k
2( p 3) 5 k
28. Given
,express r in terms of
p
.
2 p 6 5k
2 p 5k 6
5k 6
p
2
qr s p
QUESTIONS.
29. Given
4y 3
2
y p
26. Given
express
p
of
y
,express
.
,
s
in terms
p
of
in terms
q
and
15
ky
30. Given
3 y
5
y
,express
of
in terms
k
2t
3
n 1
33. Given
,express n in terms of
t
31. Given
,express
of y.
k2 7
y
3
k
in terms
34. Given
2m mn 2 3n 2
n
press
m
32. Given
,express
terms of
3 m
4
k
m
k
in
,ex
in terms of