Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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AC Circuits
Part 1
Single Phase (1 <l>) Syste~
MULTIVECTOR
Review and Training Center
t.,
'
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.:1
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. f.
- 'l/'.[
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An alternating quantity either current or voltage is that which acts in alternate dirccti\m and whose magnitude
undergoes a definite cycle of change in a definite interval of time.
Sine Wave/Sinusoidal Wave
-----------------------f
Peak to pe.ak
value
-+-,----~~-----r--
- - - "- - - - - - - _ _ :~_ l
Negative peak
''
1
.
.
1-.-~-
.alternation
I cycle _
o111111
'
(360)
. Cycle a complete change in value and direction of~m alternating quantity. A cycle of alternating voltage and current
compktes in 360 electi'ical degrees. There are .two (2) altemations per cycle.
Frequency <0 .. the nu;nber of cycles per second expres:sed in heriz (HZ).
where:
'f..,.. freqtlency, h.ertz (HZ) or cps
P --no. o( poles
N -speed, rpm
I
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Wave leni!fh (A.)-- the length of one co.mplete wave or c)'cle or the distance traveled by the wave in one cycle.
~
velocity
A.=-----=frequency
Note:
'
!.
2.
f
'
For e1Cctror'i1agnetic waves, the velocity (v) in air or vacuum is 186,000 niils or 3 x I o'" cm/s, which
is the speed of light.
\
For sound waves, the velocity (v) in air is I, 130 fi!s.
ACCircuits
Page I ofiO
----
~NTER
l'(l)
/--------------
'
i
iI
(!)t
li _____ _
____
volts
where:
l'(t)= instantaneous value ofvoltage, volts
V"'"" niaximum value of voltage, volts
(I)"' angular frequency, rad/sec
t "' time, seconds
: (tlt = radian
Ul = 2rrf
Similarly, if the above voltage wave is a current wave, then the equation is
I
Note:
I'J(t)
i ,
+ e = leading or ahead
- 0 = lagging or behind
0 = phase angle or angle of displacement
1\C Circuits
Pagc'2 of I0
MULTIVECTOR R,EVIEW
Maximum Value- the mnximum value nttnincd'by an alternating quantity during positive or negative half cycle. This is
also called the peak value, or amplitudcf.~,f alternating quantity.
. :
I
Average Value ihe nvcragc ofall the instaillanel)US values of half (either positive or nqgative) cycle of alternating
. quantity.
I
'
1
V.ve== - -
fo
lve~
v(t)dt
. T
-+-:f
i(t)dt
+J
T
Yrms =
v (t)
dt
Forin. factor
_I_
JT
P(t):dt
Effective value
Average value
Maximum value
= -------
Effective value
AC Circuits
Page 3 of 10
Pure Resistance .
Power Tri.angle:
I~:)
~-J_:_
0
p
'
I
~~
1R
where:
P"'S;
o~~o
Energy expended,
W = Pt joules or watt-sec
1m
'
I"' -::::-- ";' 0.707 1111
'>/2
Pure Inductance
: .. V 111
I111 H
'.
Phasor diagram:
where:
I is in phase with V
f= frequency, Hz
i
L := inductance. henry (I I)
e watts
2
2
P= 1
'1
Rwatts
1m
v2
Reactive Power
Phasor diagrnm:
-+-r--------~Y
Yrnlm . O
Q = - - sm vars
2
3. Apparent Power
I lags V by 90'?
S =VI
Vmlm
s=-.""'
volt-ampere (va)
va
i.
1\C Circuits
Page 4 of 10
R and L in Series
~
s .Vi
.'. s '()
v
Energy expetided.
f-
1,/L
joules .
joules
2
Pure Capacitance
Note:
--~I.
t ..
~
x~.
I
. T
Phaso~
V" IXc
Xc=--=-(J)( . .
2nfC
~~
diagram:
71
~~
:VR
where:
I
= ooL = 2ntl, n
Vr~C
~~-__j
C,
I is constant
VIZ
IR
>
v = -,JvR2 +v~,2
V =I -,JR 2. +X I. 2
V = IZ volts
where:
Z=
im~edance
in ohms
+ x~,2'
p.f. =cos 0 =! VR!Y= R./Z
r .. f. =sin 0 = V 1 !Y~ X1 /Z
tan 8 = VtfV 1:( =X 1/R .
1111
z =-,JR.
J=-
'.
v2
Phasor diagram:
Impedance Triangle:
ote~9oo ~
~x,
I leads V by 90
S=Q
Also,
Energy expended,
v"c
We= _ _
2
joules
V,/C
We,_._
4
.. I
es
JOU
AC Circuits .
Page 5 or 10
RLC in Series
----::;:.
--7
r~-
1'
VR
~.
f'.,.
Yc
L V,
f-
,_
Phasor diagram:
x~_
~">
Yc,;,IXc
,
Xci
where:
V= IZ volts
where:
Vc!VR
Note:
Transpose XL and Xc if X(-. X 1
'
= Xc!R
Impedance Triangle:
"
V ,;, I "H.? + Xc 2
tan 0
{2
V = 'YVR + Vc-
z=,JR2+Xc2
p.r. =cos e = vRIV = R/Z
r.f. =sin 8 = Vc!V = Xc!Z
I
I
Xc''~oc~
V=IZ
(~
= (J)L = 2nfl,
Also,
z
P"' VI (p.f.) ~ 12R = VR 2/R watts
Q =VI (rJ.) = ! 2 Xc = V~_ 2 /Xc vars
S =VI=' 12Z = V 2/Z va
Also,
1\C Circuits
Page 6 or I 0
Phasor diagram:
I(
1
v
-----------~
r~fR
J~~~~
R.
I.
..
'
../~
:
\
~f
.....
Note:
V is colistant.
X1. = mL c :2nfL n .
IR .c VIR: I, ~ v;x,
Phasor dingraii1:
\\'here:
>V
lr = v /Z amp.
where:
Z = impedance in ohms
Also,
z
p.f. =cos 0 = IR!Ir = Z/R
r.f. =sin 8 =IL/h = ZIX1.
tan 8 = 11/IR = RIXL
'
')
.,
RLC in Parallel
~
Ir
'
Also,
X( .. _ l __ _
Rand C in J>aralld
we
~h
2nfC
VtXc
Xc=~--
I_R
wC
V/R
'I
IT = V/Z amperes
= --
2nfC
lc = V/Xc
'
AC Circuits
Page 7 of 10
where:
in Scl'ics
RX 1 Xc
z = -;::=;=::;:=::;::==:::;2
"x,2xc2~- R (Xc-Xd
p.f.
= Ct)S
0- IR/1 1
1~1
lmpedaneS in Pnrnllcl
Z/R
r.f=sin()c(lr.~-lc)/Ir.
tan 0 = {1 1
lc)IIR
'
+ --/1
Note:
Transpose 11 mid Ic if 11
'
_
z,
I. For PureR
z~R
----
Zn
1<.
Note :
+iOn
z I R L::oo n
z,z 2
,-/--1
--;
~-~
,c
Admittance
,
(Y) --
For Pure L
Y .._, - I-
z =, o 1 iX, n
z-= I x; I L90 n
3. For Pure C
z =0
~jXcn
z = I x'c I L -90 n
4. For Series RL
Z = R + jX~,n
z = I z I L+8 n
G =
_J_
Z = ~-" i_XcQ__
Z = R2 +X/ L- 8
z =: Iz I L-On
where: oo f': 0 < 90
I
. .
: m 10 or sremen
In complex form,
y
where
6. For Series RLC :
R + j (Xr.- Xc) Q
Z = ~R 2 + (Xr. -Xc} L. 0
Z lziLOri
r 0, if Xr. > Xc
-0, ifXc > Xr.
In general, Z =. R .jX
.=.p jB
' .ti ~
+ j~
- J =
. ,I
1i
where
x. '
5 .. For Series RC
Note:
mho or sicmen
mho or sicmen
![
Admittances in Series
,'{
.I
Yl
- - + --Y2
Y1
Y,
I ...... -t
Yn
+ jX =inductive reactance
- jX = capacitive reactance
Yir
Y,Y,
- - - --Y, + y2
Admittances in Parallel
*For the complex expression of an impedance,
its angle ranges from oo to 90 only either
positive or negative. Mathematically, 0 :50$ 90.
Y1 =Y 1 +Y2+Y 3 +
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MULTIVECTOR
REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER
.
.
"'" P'TlQ __
o /..
S ~
where:
0 va
l-
amperes
Note:
H.esona nee
@+()' / '
-j
lj
1\ circuit is said to' be in resonance when the npJ{Iicd voltage V and the resttlting current I arc in phase. Thus at
resonance, the equivalent complex impedance of the circuit consists of only resi~tance .R. Since V and I arc in phase. the
At resonance;
I.
v~.~~
2.
Xr. =Xc
2.
3.
L=--~1-
I
3. L=--,n.>o-c
4.
C=~L
(l)o-
4.
S.
I
w_" 7" ~LC .
5. COo
Vc
w}C
I. lr.
lc
X~_=;
Xc
I
c =---,ro 0 "L
I
= r:-;::;- 1
. \'LC
6.
;'
r, = _ __,_
2rc..JLC
f,.;-~-
2rcvLC
where ~ "' resonant frequency;
hertz (HZ)
7. Supply ~oltage, V c=VR
8. Z == R ~ a pure resistance
.. Z is minimum.
9. Total reactance, Xr "'' 0
I 0. I = V /Z = V /R
,.
. .' .. r is maximum.
II. p.f. I or unity
12. S=P=VI.
1
IR = V(Z= V/R
:. 11 is minimur_!}.
II. p. f. ~- I or unity
12. S~cP=VI
10. 11
13. Q
~o
13. Q=O
.;
'j'
i~
tl
1\C Circuits
Page 9 of',IO
,_
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(I)(}~
\(til(!)-;
----~J...
2711':
. . lr . \ r, t;. ~
4. For Parallel RI.C.
Q = - - - .,. o>.,CR
"
(I).,L
At resonance.
,.-------'.-----------,..---I=
__,_
R12
ill
I de 2 + ~-1
2
1m/
1111 22
--, t--2
'
~~~~~
---
---~:;--
LIC
'
t
.. f ~
Rc2- L/C
where:
I = effective w11uc of thc current
V =effective value of the voltagc
Ide= de component of the current
Vdc =de COlllJ?Onent of the voltage
,
1111 = maximtlln value of the ac cornpiHlcfll
of the current, subscript indicates thc
degree ofti)e harmonic. (i.e .. I for
the fundan~ental or predor\1inant
sinusoidal:fomponent. 2 for senind
harmonic,~~ for third harmonic and
so on)
-~
vm = rnaximu\11 value of the ac component
ofthe volt;ige, subscript indicates
. the degree pfthe harrnonic
RL 2 - LIC
t;= - - - ?.rr{Lf.
Rc 2 -L/C
Quality Factor Q
stored energy
Q=~=~= 2nfL
R
2. For Series RC,
i .
Xc
o=--=--=-. R ..
wCR
2rrfCR
Oo=
_[_,._~ _f,_
f2-f,
BW
where:
fl ~nd
1\C Circuits
Page 10 o( 10
~~~
1. In an experiment, a sinusoidal wave form is observedto complete 8 cycles in 25 msec. Determine the
frequency of the wave form.
A. 320Hz
~ B. 40Hz
C. 200Hz
D. 64Hz
REE - Sept. 2007 .
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2. Wavelength is the distance traveled by an electronic wave .during the time of one cycle. Given a
'
wavelength of 12 meters, what is the frequency?
A. 250 KHZ
B. 25 KHZ
C. 250 MHZ
D. 25 MHZ
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3. If emf in a circuit is given by e = 100 sin 628t, the maximum value of voltage and frequency is .
f\.
B. 100 V, 100Hz
100 V, 50 Hz
'
D. 50-/2 V, 100Hz
C. 50-/2 V, 50 Hz
I
~"'-
=250 sin(wt- 2
deg)?
D.160+j75
5. A sinusoidal voltage wave has an RMS value of 70.71 V and a frequency of 60 Hz. Determine the
value of the voltage 0.0014 second after the wave crosses the wt axis.
A. 70.71 V
B. 100 V
C. 50 V
D. 141.42 V
REE - Sept. 201 0
1
6. In a single-phase circuit VA = 84.85 + j84.85 v and V 8 = 96.59- j25.88 v With respect to a reference
node 0. Calculate Vba
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A.-11.74-j110.73v
B.11.74+j110.73v C.11.74-j110.73v
; D.-11.74+j110.73v
REE- April 2003
7. What is the rms value of a square wave with an amplitude of 10 A and frequency of 1 Hz?
B.10A
C.5A
D.7.07A
A.O
REE - October 2000
8. A sinusoidal current wave has a maximum yalue of 20 A. What is the average value of one-half cycle?
A 5
B. 12.7
C. 14.14
D. 0
REE- April1997.
.
,
9. A wire carries a current, i = 3 cos314t amperes. What is the average current over 6 seconds?
B. 1.5A
C. 3.0A
D. 0.532A
. A. OA
.;
.io;f-:1_ _
C. 38.2 A
:; D. 51.43 A
ii
r"
11. The rms value of a .half-wave rectified current is 100 A Its value for full ~ave rectification would be
_ _ _ _ amperes.
A.141.4A
C. 200/rr A
B. 200 A
t
D. 40/rr A
I
12. A half wave rectified sine wave has an average value of 100 amp.'What is. the effective value?
A.157A
B.444A
C.70.71A
I
D.100.A
AC Circuits 1
Page 1 of 6
AC CIRCUITS
p
~)
e. 1.73
D. 1.0
B. 74.6 sin wt
D. 64.7 sin (rot- 30)
A. Average
.
B. Instantaneous
C. RMS
D. Peak
l D. 230 V
i
17. A sinusoidal voltage source has a peak value of 150 volts. What equivalent DC voltage source would
i
produce the same heating effect in a 1 ohm resistor?
A.15V
B.212V:
C.95V
, D.106V
A. 25
100 t A, sin (l)t is known to be 1Q3.1. The amplitude A of the sine term is
B.4.85
C. 35.48
D. 100
19. An alternating curreht and a direct current flows simultaneously in the sa1'.~e conductor. If the effective
value of the AC is 8 A and DC is 12 A, wha't will an AC ammeter read when connected in the circuit?
1
.
A. 14.42 A
B. 12 A
C. 11.66 A
i~
D. 16.49 A
:l
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30).
22. The effective voltage across a circuit element is (20 + j10) V arid the effective current through the
element is 4 - j3 A. Calculate the true and the reactive power taken by the element.
A. 50 watts & 1OOVars lagging
B.,20 watts & 100 Vars leading
C. 110 watts & 20 Vars lagging
D. 110 watts & 20 Vars leading
23. A 11C)-volt AC line feeds two circuits in parallel. The currents are (2.2 - j6.5) A and (1.8 - j3.5) A. The
power consumed by the two circuits is approximately---'---A. 1,185 watts
B. 440 watts
C. 755 watts
D. 433 watts
, 24. Find .the average power in a resistance R
:.
3wt + 2 sin 5wt amperes.
A. 65.4 watts
B. 645 watts
D. 5.46 watts
AC Circuits 1
Page 2 of 6
MUL T.
. . .
AC CIRCUITS
i,
.
REE - May 2009
.
.
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.
6
2S. The current thru an inductor with inductance of 1 mH is given as i(t) =' d.01 0 sin 10 t A. What is the
.voltage across this inductor?
.
6
6
A. tOO sin 106 tv
. B. 10cos 106 tv.
C. 10 sin 10 tv
~\ D. 100 cos 10 tv
REE - Sept. 2007
. ...
. '
1
26. The capacitive reactance Xc of a clrcult varies inversely as the capacitance C of the circuit: If the
capacitance of a certain circuit is decrease.d by 2S%, by what percentage will Xc change?
2
1
A. 2S% increase
B. 20% increase
C. 66-% increase
D. 33-% increase
3
3
REE - April 2005
27. A circuit has resistance of 20 0 and a reactance of 30 0. What is the powedactor of the circuit?
. A. 0
'
B. O.SS
C. 0.832
, D. 0.99
I
.
i
.
REE - Sept. 2006
28. A two-element series circuit with R
1S ohms, L
20 mH has an impedance of 30 ohms and an
unknown angle. What is the frequency in . HZ?
A. 2.0
. B. 21
C. 2,067
i D. 207
. ,
..
29.. rhe current in a series circuit of R 10 'ohms and L 60 mH lags the ap~lied
voltage by 80 degrees.
.
I
What is the impedance in ohms?
.:
A 10 + jO.S671 n
B. 10 + j56.71 n
c. 10 + jS.671 n
D. 10 + jS67.1 n
REE - April 2007
30. What are the tWo elements in a series circuit connection having a current and voltage of
i ~ 13.42 sin( SOOt - 53.4 )A and v 1SO sin( SOOt + 1o )v?
:
A. R 8.8 nand L 3S mH
'
B. R 6.3 nand L 2S m~-1
c. R 7.S nand L 3omH
D. R= s nand L 20 mH
=
=
=
=
=
=
.::
.
REE - Sept. 2004 '
34. A capacitor in series w/ a 200 0 resistor draws a current of 0.3 ampere from 120 volts, 60Hz source.
What is the value of capacitor in microfarad?
A. 8.7
B. 9.7.
C. 6.7
D. 7.7
AC Circuits 1
Page 3 of 6
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AC CIRCUITS
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,
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35. A series circuit consisting of a 66.2 !Jf. capacitor and a variable resistor. For what two values of;.
resistance wili the power taken by the circuit be 172.8 watts, if the impressed 60-cycle emf is 120
W~?
,
A. 83.33 & 3.33 ohms
B. 53.33 &:3o ohms c. 5.33 & 3.0 ohms
; D. 83.33 & 5.33 ohms
!
= 100,
c.
Xc 2
= 40,
XL1
=30,
Xi =70.
2
60 XL
D. Xc and XL
i
40. An impedance of 100 n resistance and an unknown inductance is connected across the capacitor. The
resulting impedance is a pure resistance of 500 Q if ro 105 rad /sec. Calculate the values of inductor
and capacitor.
A. 1 J,Jf & 2 mH
B. 5 J,Jf & 1 mH
C. 7 J,Jf & 3 mH
D. 0.04 J,Jf & 2 mH
;.
REE- May 2009
.
'.41. Find the value of an impedance which absorbs a complex power of 2300 VA with a 30 degrees angle
at 115 V rms.
B. 7 + j5
c. 5 + j3 n
D. 3 + j5 n
A. 5 + j7 n
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'
AC Circuits 1
J!lage4 of 6
' i
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. AC CIRCUITS
real power taken frbm the line is 1152 watts, what is the coil inductance?
A15.9mH
B.10mH .
C.20mH
D.1.59mH
REE -May.2009
46. A coil and resistor each have a 160 v voltage across them when connected in series to 240 v, 60 HZ
source. If they draw a 1 A current from the source, what is the resistance of the coil?
A 25 ohms
B. 10 ohms
C.15 ohms
D. 20 ohms
:~1. A feeder. supplies two .l~ads, one. at .50 amperes at .50% 9p wer factor, the. other 150 amperes at unity
'
..
!
.
.
D. 150A
I
48. A single phase, 7.46 kW motor is supplied from a 400 V, 50 Hz AC mains. If its efficiency is 85% and
the power factor is0.8 lagging, find the r&active component of the input current.
A 16.46A
. B. 21.96A
C. 27.43A
D. 21 A
REE - October 1996
49.
Acapacitor is rated 100 KVAR, 380 V, 50 Hz. What will its rating be at 60 Hz, 220V?
A 50 KVAR
R 40 KVAR
C. 90.9. KVAR
D. 57.7 KVAR
50. A fluorescent lamp and iis inductive ballast draw a 1.0 A current at 50% lagging power factor from a
120 V, 60 Hz source~ What is the overall power factor when a Z6.5 IJf capacitor is connected across
:
the fixture?
C. 0.5 leading :
D. 0.5 lagging
A 0.832 lagging
B.0.832 leading
1
51. A 3 HP, 120 V, 60Hz' induction motor operating at 80% efficiency and 0.,896 lagging power factor is to
be used temporarily with 240 V, 60 Hz source. What resistance in series with the motor will be required
for the motor to .have 120 V across itsterminals at full load?
A 6,68 0
B. 4.77 0
C. 13. 76 0
D. 9.54 0
REE - Sept. 2009 .
.
.
52. A single-phase motor fs taking 30 A, from a 220 v, 60 Hz supply, the power factor being 80% lagging.
What value of capacitor in microfarad connected across the circuit will be necessary to raise the power
factor to unity? .
A.214
B.220
C.217
D.224
I
The circuit is supplied with a voltage v ~ 100 sin 377t. Find the value of capa citance at resonance.
1
A. 42 IJF
B. 47 IJF ' '
C. 34.65 IJF
' I ' D. 72.57 IJF
'
'
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54. A 50 0 resistance; 30 n inductive reactance and 25 n capacitive reactance are connected in',series
across a 100 V, 60Hz supply. What will be its resonant frequency?
B. 53 Hz
C. 25Hz
. D. 54.77 Hz
A 65.726 Hz
REE - April 2005
55. A series RLC circuit has R 10 n, L
circuit in MHZ?
A 20.17
. B. 3.24
12
;:
"r,,
'
MULTIVECTOR
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:!
,_
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D. 40kHz
61. A circuit consisting of Gapacitor in serie.s with a resistance of 10 ohms is connected in parallel with a
coil having a reactance; and resistance qf 17.32 ohms and 10 ohms, respectively. What is the
reactance of the capacitor that will draw minimum current from a 230 V, 60 Hz supply?
A 17.32 n
B. 10.32 n
c. 5.78 n
D. 22.1a n
REE - April 2007
.
.
62. An impedance Z3 is in series to the.two impedances
10 + j10
and Z2
20- j30
that are
connected paralleL What is the value of the impedance Z 3 in ohms that will'.produce resonant circuit?
Aj13.1
.
B.-j5.4
C.j5.4
D.-j13.1
z, =
AC Circuits 1
Page 6 of 6
..-
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1. A voltage wave is given by v 100 sin314t. How long does it take this wave form to complete one
,_ fourth cycle?
A. 20 ms
B. 10 ms
C. 5 ms
D. 1 ms
'
2. When a 15 V square wave is connected across a 50-volt AC voltmeter, it will read _ __
: B.10.61 V
C.15V
'
D. 9.55V
A..21.21 V
3. Calculate the effective value of v(t) = 100 sin400t + 50 sin800St 10 cos 1200t V.
A. 79.5V
..
B. 57.9V
C.112~-~
.
D.121.52V
4. A circuit draws a current of (3 - j8) A from a source of (1 00 + j37) V. Find the true power of the
circuit.
A. 4 W
~.B. 596 W
C. 300 W
D. 296 W
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5. Across a 230 V, 60 Hzpower supply is a 15 ohm non-inductive resistor. What is the equation of the
voltage and resulting current?
A. e = 398.4 sin60t, i = 21.6 sin60t
B. e 325.5 sin377t, i 21.6 sin377t
D. e = 230 sin1 ~Wt, i = 15.3 sin120t
C. e 230 sin377t, i 15.3 sin377t
6. A resistor and a coil are conne~ted in series with a voltage source. If the voltage across the coil is
10sin(866t + 70) V and the current flowing thru the resistor is 2cos(866t - 80) A; what is the
resistance.of the coil? ..
A. 4.92 0
B. 2.5 0
C .. 50
: D. 4.33 0
7. Ten
impedances' connected
in
parallel draws the following
individual
curr~nt;
5.L0, 5.L5, 5.L1 0, 5L15, 5.L20, 5.L25, 530, 5L35, 5L40, 5.L45. What is the effective value
of the total current? (shortcut solution will be discussed on refresher)
D. 84.389 A
A. 48.444 A
B. 34.255 A
C. 25.345 A
8.. Using Problem 7, what is the equivalent impedance that could replace the iiT)pedances if the source
'
voltage is 100 sin 150t V?
A. 1.325L- 30 h
B. 6.026.L- 2.5 0
C. 32.51.L50 0
,I D. 1.46.L- 22.5 0
!
D. 0.876
10. Using Problem 7, .what element should be connected across the circuit so that the current would be
in phase with the source?
.
I'
.
A. 54 mH
B. 25.4 mH
C. 13 mH
:D.
31 mH
.
I
11. An impedance has a lagging power:factorand takes 250 W when connect~d across 100 V, 60Hz
source. What power will it absorb when connected across 100 V, 50 Hz source?
A. 325W
B. 352W ,
C. 322W
D. 235W
12. A t~lephone circuit makes power available at a pair of terminals. The open c!rcuit voltage across the
terminals is 1 volt and the impedance looking into the terminals is 500 ~ j500 0. What is the
maximum power that can be drawn from ttie circuit?
A. 0.002 W
B. 0.0005 W
C. 0.001 W
D. 0.0014 W
AC Circuits 1
Page 1 of 7
13. The ohmic resistance of a large magnetic contactor is measured to be 20 0. A 230 Vis impressed
on the contactor and the current is taken as 3.2 A. Neglecting core loss, determine the inductance
of the contactor.
.
A. 261 mH
. B. 183 mH
C. 315 mH
D. 251 mH
14. A coil has a resistance of .6 oh~s and an. induct~nce of 0.02 H. When a hon-inductive resistor is
connected in series with the coil, the current drawn when connected to a 220 V DC source is equal
, to the current c;lrawn by the coil alone across a 220 V, 60 Hz source. Determine the resistance of
the non-inductive resistor.
A. 3.63 n
. B: 6.39 n
c. 3.69 n ~
D. 3.96 o
15.Aseries RL circuit,has L. ~ 0.02 Hand an impedance of 17.85 n. When~ sinusoidal voltage is
applied, the current le~gs the voltage by 63.5; What is the v lue of the angular frequency?.
A. 400 rad/sec.
R 500 rad/sec
C. 600 rad/sec
l D. 800 rad/sec
REE - April 1997
16. A current of 2.5 A flows through a 'series circuit consisting of a 100 n re!:jistor and an unknown
capacitor across a source 0f 460 V, 50 Hz. What is the value of the capacitive reactance?
A. Xc = 91.86 0 .
B.. Xc ..= 39.19 0 '
C.
Xc = 154.45 0
D. Xc = 184.0 0
.
'
REE- Apri11996
. i
.
17. A circuit consists of a 4 0 resistor and 300 :I-IF capacitor in series. It is cohnected across a 60 Hz
voltage source with a SOOV peak voltage. What is the phasor form of the cur~ent?
A. 1=19.7L57.5
B, 1=8.84L73.2 . C. 1=36.5L65.7
:D.I=10.5L65.7
.
18. A small single phase, 240 V induction motor is tested in parallel with 160 n resistor. The motor
takes 2 amperes and the total current Is 3 amperes. What is the power of the: whole circuit?
A. 800 W
360 W
. C. 220 W
: D. 580 W
.s:
19. .A capacitor is placed in parallel with two inductive loads, one of 20 A at 30o,1lagging and another of
40 A at 60 lagging. What current in amperes should flow in the capacito.~ so that the circuit will
1.
have a unity power factpr?
A. 35.8 A
B. 44.6 A
C. 28.8 A
!I D. 50.2 A
j!
'
20. A single-phase AC generator is supplying power to a load of 3,200 W at 230 V and a power factor
of 60%. If the total loss is 10% of the load, what would be the savi.~gs in wat~s if the pow~r factor is
raised to 80%?
. ,
A. .64
B. 240
C. 427
: i D. HO
I
21. When a 240 V, 50 Hz supply is applied to a parallel combination of 15 0 resistor and inductor, the
total current is 22.1 amperes. What must be the value of the frequency f~r a total current of 34
amperes?
A. 25Hz
B. 60Hz
' C. 75Hz
'D. 100Hz
22. A coil of 10 0 resistance and 0.1 H inductance is connected in parallel with a capacitor of unknown
capacitance. If the total impedance of the combination is 100 0, determine the value of the
capacitance.
A. 50 IJF
B. 100 IJF
C. 150 IJF
D. 200 IJF
AC Circuits 1
Page 2 of 7
24. An impedance equal to 4.4L60 0 is connected across a 220 source. What should be the value''
of the second impedance in parallel with the first, if the total pbwer delivered to the circuit is to be
. 16.5 kW and the overall power factor is to beunity?
A 2.21L:30.1 0
. B. 3.33L:- 40.9 Q ' c. 5.63L30 0
'
D. 6.5'3L- 45 0
I
2s: An induCtive reactance. of.B ohms is connected i {a;allel With a capacitive reactance of 18 ohrris.
Th1s comb1nat1on 1s then connected m senes
vanable res1stance. For what value of
resistance will the power factor be 0.5?
A.8.3140
8.3.1380
C.i13.810
D.1.3810
7!~~a~
2,6: What size of c,ondenser must be placed across an inductance having a resistance of 10 ohms and
reactance of 20 ohms to draw minimum current from the line when the combination is connected
across a 60-cycle line?(Assume a condenser of negligible resistance) .
. A 20 1,1f
B.106 J..Jf
C. 10 J..Jf.
D. 6.33 J..Jf
,
'
27'. A circuit draws 25 A when connected across a source offrequency f1: Determine the current drawn
by the same circuit at resonance if t1 is half the resonant frequency.
.l
B. 17.68 A
C. 35.35 A
l D. 50 A
A 12.5 A
28. A series RLC circuit is connected across a 120 V, 60 Hz source and draws a leading current of 5 A
. Determine the voltage across the capacitor at resonance if R =50 and L = 25 mH.
C. 236.6 V
D. 422.6 V
A 47.12 V
. B. 164.5V
29. The Q-factor of a coil is given by
.,
.
A the ratio of its maximum energy stored to' its energy dissipated per cycle
B. its power factor
C. the reciprocal of its power factor ' :
D. the ratio of its re.sistance to its indUctive reactance
~0,
A coil takes apparent power and reac~ive power of 100 VA and 80 VAR,
factor of the coil?
A1.33
B.10
C.8
'
D.6
~i
31. A coil is to be wound with Q-factor of 8. A lamp rated 120 V, 480 W is con~ected in series with the
coil and connected across 230 V, 60 Hz source. What is the impedance ~f the coil if the voltage
:
'i
across the lamp is maintained at 120 V.
A. 35.2L82.9 0
B. 27.5L:72.4 0
C. 45.5.C82.9o n
!: D. 40.5L72.4 n
32. An inductive coil having a resistance of 25 .ohms and inductance of 0.2 H is connected in parallel
with a 100 J..JF capacitor. Find the frequency at which the total current taken is in phase with the
.supply voltage.
. A 35.6 Hz
B. 46.5 Hz
C. 29.5 Hz
1 D. 52.9 Hz
AC Circuits 1
Page 3 of 7
MUL TIVECTOR
REVIEW AND TRAINING CENTER
.
,
AC CIRCUITS -PART I
33. The series circuit of R = 3 0 and X = 4' ~ and a parallel circuit of R' !3rid X' have the sar:ne
impedance and power factor. Calculate the yal~and X'.
. '
A. 8.33 o. 6.25 n
B. 2.2s o. 3.83 n
c. 7.47 o. 7.51 n
D. 5.62 o, 9.84 o
34. A parallel circuit with one branch of R = 5 0. and a single unknown element in the other branch has
the following applied.voltage and the current e = 10cos(50t + 60')V and I= 5.38cos(50t- 8.23')A.
The unknown element is
,
A. L = 0.04 H
B. L = 0.02 H
C. C = 10 IJF
; D. C = 5 IJF
. 35. The voltage across the resistor, inductor and capacitor connected in seri~s is 60 V, 90 V, 10 V
'i
;D. 50V
~ ,:
,I
.
j
e in the series circuitwhich consist of R =:25 0, L =0.2 H, across
1
'
; D. 56.4'
C. 52.4'
'
REE- March 1997
37. A load of 20 + j35 0 is connected. across a 220 V source. Determine the power factor and the
VARS ..
A. 49.6%, 1042 VARS:
B. 85.3%, 975 VARS
D. 42.3%, 1087 VARS
C. 52.2%, 1023 VARS
38. An incandescent lamp load, generally considered to be made up of resistor; take 4.8 kW from a
D. 480 watts
39. A factory takes 50 kW at 0.75 lagging power factor from a 480 V source. In order to raise the power
factor to 0.9 lagging, a synchronous motor rated 10 HP with an efficiency of 87.5% is used. Find the
power factor of the motor.
A. 0.416 lagging
B. 0.825 lagging
C. 0.4761eading
D. 0.825 leading
40. The wavelength of international distress of frequency is 600 m. What is the equivalent frequency in
kHz?
A.200
B. 300
C.400
D. 500
41. The voltage across a given circuit is 75 ;+ j50 V. What is the power supplied to the circuit if the
current through it is (8 -j5) A?
A 850 W
B. 550 W
C.750 W
D. 350 W
REE - Sept. 2002
42. A resistor R and capacitor C are connected in series across a 100 V, 60 cycle source. The reading
of an ammeter connected in the circuit is 2 A and the reading of a voltmeter connected across the
capacitor is 80 V. Calculate the values of R qnd C.
A. 66 0 & 30 IJf
B. 30 0 & 60 !Jf
C. 30 0 & 66 !Jf
D. 36 a & 60 IJf
'
AC Circuits 1
Page 4 ol7
b .
circuit is 100 V. What is. the total impe ance expressed in ohms if the frequency is 3 MHZ?
A.18820
B.10000
C.21320
'D.18850
resistance and 3 0 inductive reactaflce. The power factor of the resulting circuit is 0.8 leading. Find
the size of the capacitor in J..lf if the frequency is 60 Hz.
.
B. 923.31 J..lf
C. 552.31 J..lf
D. 392.13 J..lf
. A. 778.92 J..lf
3-
45. An impedance of
t(
46. The open circuit voltage of an alternator is .127 V and its internal
voltage across a load of 30L:- 30 0.
A. 100L:- 9.7 V
B. 97 L: -10 V
C. 79L10 V
impedan'~e
D. 100L: --7.9 V
49. A series circuit composed of 0.2 H inductor and 74 J..lf capacitor is connected to a 60 V variable
frequency source, At what frequency will the current be 4 A with lagging power factor:
A. 47.767 Hz
B. 74.68 Hz
C. 60Hz
D. 50 Hz
50. A 30 ohm resistor is connected in parallel with an inductor of inductive reactance XL The
combination is then connected in series with a capacitor of. reactance Xc. what is the value of XL
and Xc if the total impedance is 1.92 ohms?
A. 7.84, 7.34
8.47.4, 47.3
C. 44.8, 84.2
D. 84.7. 34.7
~ 52. The length of time between a point in one cycle to the same point of the hext cycle of an AC wave is
the _ _ __
A. frequency
B. period
C. magnitude
D. polarity
53. An alternating current varying sinusoidally with frequency of 50 Hz has an RMS value of 20 A. At
what time measured from the positive maximum value will the instantaneous current be 14.14 A?
A. 1/600 sec
, B. 1/200 sec
C. 1/300 sec
D. 1/400 sec
AC Circuits
Page 5 of
. --~
AC CIRCUITS -PART I
..
~)
C~NTER
il
!;
,
voltmeter
connected
across
th'e
C. 170.71
series
source
of
D. 184.78
,sa.
,
60. Two impedances ZA 4 ~ j6 0 and Z 9 6 + j 12 0 are connected in parallel. The apparent power for
the impedance B is 1490 VA Determine the total apparent power.
C. 2652 VA
D. 8031 VA
A 4250 VA
"B. 3290 VA
61. Two coils A and Bare connected in series across a 240 V, 50 Hz supply. The resistance of A is 50
and the inductance of B is 0.015 H. If the input from the supply is 3 kW and 2 kVAR, find the
inductance of A and resistance of B.
A 0.0132 H & 8.3 0
B. 0.215 H & 3.8 0
C. 0.026 H & 12 0
D. 0.031 H & 5.3 0
62. A current of 5 A flows through a non-inductive resista.nce in series with a choking coil when supplied
at 250 V, 50 Hz. If the voltage across the resistance. is 120 V and across the coil is 200 V, calculate
the power absorbed by the coil in watts.
A. 168.75 W
B. 137.5 W.
c.:51.37 W
D. 75.31 W
63. A series RLC circuit consists of 20 _ohms resistance, 0.2 H inductance and an unknown
.: capacitance. What is the value of the capacitance if the circuit has a leading angle of 45 at 60 Hz?
A 35.181JF
B. 47.91JF
C. 27.81JF
D. 30.71JF
64._ If e = 100 sin {. wt + 30)50 cos 3wt + 25 sin (5wt + 150) and i =20 sin (wt +. 40) + 10 sin (3wt
.
-5 sin(5(1)t - 50). Calculate the power in watts.
A1177
B.919
C.1043
:D.1224
:
-+-
30)
AC Circuits 1
Page 6 of 7
AC Circuits 1
Page 7 of 7