Biological system (or organ system or body system) is a group of organs that work

together to perform a certain task. Common systems, such as those present in

mammals and other animals, seen in human anatomy, are those such as the circulatory
system, the respiratory system, the nervous system, etc. Biological Systems
an academic journal provides an international, multi-disciplinary forum for the study of
biological systems.
Biological Systems is a scientific journal includes a wide range of fields in its discipline
to create a platform for the authors to make their contribution towards the journal and
the editorial office promises a peer review process for the submitted manuscripts for the
quality of publishing.
Biological Systems- Open Access is a scholarly open Access, Peer-reviewed journal
and aims to publish most complete and reliable source of information on the discoveries
and current developments in the mode of original articles, review articles, case reports,
short communications, etc. in all areas of the field and making them freely available
through online without any restrictions or any other subscriptions to researchers
worldwide.
The journal is using Editorial Manager System for quality in peer review process.
Editorial Manager is an online manuscript submission, review and tracking systems.
Review processing is performed by the editorial board members of Biological
Systems- Open Access or outside experts; at least two independent reviewers approval
followed by editor approval is required for acceptance of any citable manuscript.
Molecular system biology
Molecular systems biology is an integrative discipline that seeks to explain the
properties and behaviour of complex biological systems in terms of their molecular
components and their interactions. Systems biology is the computational and
mathematical modeling of complex biological systems. An emerging engineering
approach applied to biomedical and biological scientific research, systems biology is a
biology-based inter-disciplinary field of study that focuses on complex interactions
within biological systems, using a holistic approach (holism instead of the more
traditional reductionism) to biological and biomedical research.
Related Journals of Molecular System biology
Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Journal of Biological Research, Journal of
Phylogenetics & Evolutionary Biology, Biochemistry & Pharmacology: Open
Access,Biological Sciences Journals, Current Synthetic and Systems Biology, Journal of
Biological Sciences, Molecular Biology, Biomolecular Research & Therapeutics,
Molecular Systems Biology, BMC Systems Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biology,
Molecular Biosystems, Plant Molecular Biology, Nature Reviews Molecular Cell

Biology, Biological Science Reviews, Genome Biology, Progress in Biophysics &

Molecular Biology,International Journal of Biology

Plant, Metal ions in Biological Systems

Biological systems are complex. Metals play crucial roles in life processes. It is
increasingly recognized that metals are involved in cellularand subcellular functions.
These ions can modify electron flow in a substrate or enzyme, thus effectively
controlling anenzyme-catalyzed reaction. Systems biology is based on the premise that
their properties cannot be understood by focusing on any one aspect of their highly
interacting components. Plants should adjust their metabolism and physiology to
dynamic changes in their environment, including biotic and abiotic stresses.
Related Journals of Plant, Metal ions in Biological Systems
Modern Chemistry & Applications, Peer Review Biology Journal, Chemical Sciences
Journal, International Biological Journals, Metabolomics:Open Access, Journal of
Molecular Pharmaceutics & Organic Process Research, Biological Trace Element
Research, Biology Journals List, Applied Organometallic Chemistry, Quarterly Review of
Biology, Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology, Bioelectrochemistry and
Bioenergetics

Cancer System Biology

Cancer systems biology encompasses the application of systems biology approaches to
cancer research, in order to study the disease as a complex adaptive system with
emerging properties at multiple biological scales. The relationships between scales is
not simple or necessarily direct, and sometimes become combinatorial, so that systems
approaches are essential to evaluate these relationships quantitatively and qualitatively.
More explicitly, because cancer spans multiple biological, spatial and temporal scales,
communication and feedback mechanisms across the scales create a highly complex
dynamic system.
Related Journals of Cancer System Biology
Journal of Carcinogenesis & Mutagenesis, Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal of
Integrative Oncology, Biology Journals List, Journal of Molecular and Genetic
Medicine,Biological Sciences Journals, Biology and Medicine, Journal of Clinical &
Cellular Immunology, Journal of Molecular Biomarkers & Diagnosis, Molecular Systems
Biology,Journal of Biological Research, BMC Systems Biology, Genome Biology,
Systems Biology, Biological Science Reviews, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Human
Molecular Genetics

Transport System biology

The human transport system is a system of tubes with a pump and valves to ensure one
way blood flow. We need a transport system to deliver oxygen, nutrients and other
substances to all our body cells, and take away waste products from them.
Theoxygenated blood (high in oxygen, red in color) comes to the heart from the lungs in
the pulmonary vein; the heart pumps it to the aorta (an artery) to the rest of the body.
The deoxygenated blood returns to the heart from the body in the vena cava (a vein),
the heartpumps is to the lungs to get rid of the carbon dioxide.
Related Journals of Transport system biology
Journal of Cytology & Histology, International Journal of Developmental Biology, Journal
of Proteomics & Bioinformatics, Journal of Blood & Lymph, Journal of Blood Disorders &
Transfusion, Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal of Hematology & Thromboembolic
Diseases, Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, Molecular Systems Biology,
BMC Systems Biology, Journal of Cell Biology, Journal of Theoretical Biology, Molecular
Membrane Biology, International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology, Research
Journal of Biological research

Biology of Reproductive System

The reproductive system or genital system is a system of sex organs within an organism
which work together for the purpose of sexual reproduction. Many non-living substances
such as fluids, hormones, and pheromones are also important accessories to the
reproductive system. For this biological process to be carried out, certain organs and
structures are required in both the male and the female. The source of the ova (the
female germ cells) is the female ovary; that of spermatozoa (the male germ cells) is the
testis. Unlike most organ systems, the sexes of differentiated species often have
significant differences. These differences allow for a combination of genetic
material between two individuals, which allows for the possibility of greater genetic
fitness of the offspring.
Related Journals of Biology of Reproductive System
Reproductive System & Sexual Disorders, Journal of Biological Research, Gynecology
& Obstetrics, Endocrinology & Metabolic Syndrome, Biological Science Reviews,
Journal of Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide, Peer Review Biology Journal,
Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, International Biological Journals,
General Medicine: Open Access, Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology,
Developmental Biology, Quarterly Review of Biology, Histochemistry and Cell Biology,
Journal of Theoretical Biology, BMC Evolutionary Biology

Nervous Biology
The nervous system is essentially a biological information highway, and is responsible
for controlling all the biological processes and movement in the body, and can also
receive information and interpret it via electrical signals which are used in this nervous
system. It consists of the Central Nervous System (CNS), essentially the processing
area and the Peripheral Nervous System which detects and sends
electrical impulses that are used in the nervous system. The CNS consists of the brain
and spinal cord. It is responsible for receiving and interpreting signals from the
peripheral nervous system and also sends out signals to it, either consciously or
unconsciously. The Central Nervous System is effectively the centre of the nervous
system, the part of it that processes the information received from the peripheral
nervous system.
Related Journals of Nervous Biology
Histochemistry and Cell Biology, International Journal of Biology, Journal of Cell Biology,
Developmental Biology, Journal of Biological Sciences, Quarterly Review of
Biology,Biological Sciences Journals, Molecular and Cellular Biology,
Journal of Biological Research, PLOS Biology, Peer Review Biology Journal,
Immunology and Cell Biology

Biology of Body System

The human body is made up of several organ systems that work together as one unit.
Ten major organ systems of the body are listed below, along with several organs that
are associated with each system. A biological system is a complex network of
biologically relevant entities. As biological organization spans several scales, examples
of biological systems are populations of organisms, or on the organ- and tissue scale in
mammals and other animals, the circulatory system, the respiratory system, the nervous
system. On the micro- to the nanoscopic scale, examples of biological systems are
cells, organelles, macromolecular complexes and regulatory pathways.
Related Journals of Biology of Body System
Journal of Cell Biology, International Biological Journals, Histochemistry and Cell
Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Immunology and Cell Biology, Molecular
Systems Biology,Journal of Biological Research, Biological Sciences
Journals, International Journal of Developmental Biology, Journal of Biological
Sciences, Biological Sciences Journals

Biology of Respiratory System

The human respiratory system consists of a complex set of organs and tissues that
capture oxygen from the environment and transport the oxygen into the lungs. The
organs and tissues that comprise the human respiratory system include the nose,
pharynx, trachea, and lungs. The respiratory systemstarts at the nose and mouth and
continues through the airways and the lungs. Air enters the respiratory system through
the nose and mouth and passes down the throat (pharynx) and through the voice box,
or larynx. The entrance to the larynx is covered by a small flap of tissue (epiglottis) that
automatically closes during swallowing, thus preventing food or drink from entering the
airways. The nerve activity that controls breathing arises from impulses transported by
nerve fibers passing into the chest cavity and terminating at the rib muscles and
diaphragm. Theseimpulses are regulated by the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood:
A high carbon dioxide concentration leads to an increased number of nerve impulses
and a more rapid breathing rate.
Related Journals of Biology of Respiratory System
International Journal of Developmental Biology, Quarterly Review of Biology, Journal of
Experimental Biology, Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, Developmental
Biology, Biological Science Reviews, Histochemistry and Cell Biology, Immunology and
Cell Biology, Journal of Cell Biology, Journal of Biological Sciences, Research Journal of
Biological research

Integrative Systems Biology

Systems biology is the study of biology through systematic perturbation, global read-out
of the multifaceted response and integration of these data to formulate predictive
models. Techniques for model assembly span many layers of abstraction, including
statistical mining, alignment across data sets, probabilistic inference, differential
equations and data visualization. These integrative approaches chart the key
components and interactions ofbiological systems over scales ranging from single
pathways to whole cells to entire populations of individuals.
Related Journals of Integrative Systems Biology
Journal of Cancer Science & Therapy, Biological Sciences Journals, Journal of
Integrative Oncology, Alternative & Integrative Medicine, Molecular Biology, Clinical
Microbiology: Open Access, Advanced Techniques in Biology & Medicine, Molecular
Systems Biology, Genome Biology, Progress in Biophysics & Molecular Biology,
Integrative and Comparative Biology, Omics A Journal of Integrative Biology, Journal of
Experimental Biology, Journal of Biological Sciences

Biological Systems

A biological system is a group of organs working together to perform a common

function. For example, the muscular system is involved with movement, the skeletal
systemprovides protection and support, and the circulatory system delivers nutrients
and waste to and from the cells of the body. Each system of the body is indeed knit
together. They are integrated into and reliant upon other systems, and none can
function independently. The interdependence of biological systems offers strong
evidence for intelligent design due to their irreducible complexity. They function
synergistically in such a way that the sum of their actions is greater than the addition of
the separate, individual actions.
Related Journals of Biological Systems
Metabolomics:Open Access, Journal of Biological Sciences, Research & Reviews:
Journal of Biology, Cellular and Molecular Biology, Biology and Medicine, Journal of
Phylogenetics & Evolutionary Biology, Biological Sciences Journals, Molecular Biology,
Systems Biology, Biosystems, BMC Systems Biology, Molecular Systems Biology,
Biosystems, Journal of Theoretical Biology, Peer Review Biology Journal

Cellular Developmental Biology

Developmental biology is the study of the process by which animals and plants grow
and develop, and is synonymous with ontogeny. In animals most development occurs in
embryonic life, but it is also found in regeneration, asexual reproduction and
metamorphosis, and in the growth and differentiation of stem cells in the adult organism.
Practical outcomes from the study of animal developmental biology have included in
vitro fertilization, now widely used in fertility treatment, the understanding of risks from
substances that can damage the fetus (teratogens), and the creation of various animal
models for human disease which are useful in research. Developmental Biology has
also help to generate modern stem cell biology which promises a number of important
practical benefits for human health.
Related Journals of Developmental Biology
Journal of Cell Signaling, International Biological Journals, Cellular and Molecular
Biology, Single Cell Biology, Cell & Developmental Biology, Journal of Cell Science &
Therapy, Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy,Journal of Clinical & Cellular
Immunology, Developmental Biology, Annual Review of Cell and Developmental
Biology, Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences, In Vitro Cellular &
Developmental Biology-animal, International Journal of Developmental Biology, Current
Topics in Developmental Biology, BMC Developmental Biology, Russian Journal of
Developmental Biology, Current Research Journal of Biological Sciences
Autoimmune Disorders

An autoimmune disorder occurs when the bodys immune system attacks and destroys
healthy body tissue by mistake. This may be restricted to certain organs (e.g. in
autoimmune thyroiditis) or involve a particular tissue in different places. The treatment of
autoimmune diseases is typically with immunosuppressionmedication that decreases
the immune response. A large number of autoimmune diseases are recognized. A major
understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of autoimmune diseases has been the
application of genome wide association scans that have identified a striking degree
ofgenetic sharing among the autoimmune diseases.
Related Journals of Autoimmune Diseases
Journal of Autoimmunity, Autoimmunity, Journal of Biological Sciences, Genes and
Immunity, Cellular Immunology, European Journal of Immunology, Immunology and Cell
Biology, International Biological Journals, Cellular & Molecular Immunology, Advances in
Immunology, International Biological Journals

Cell and Developmental Biology

The Cell and Developmental Biology focuses on how cells integrate signals and develop
into complex multicellular organisms and tissues. Cells are the most basic unit of life.
They house DNA, make proteins, produce energy, provide structure, transmit neural
information, and sometimes cause disease. The dramatic array of structures and
functions that cells perform are enabled by the process of development, which
coordinates fundamental and diverse cellular changes and, at the most impressive,
produces an entirecomplex organism like ourselves from one simple starting cell.
Related Journals of Cell & Developmental Biology
Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, International Journal of Biology,
Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology, Developmental Biology, BMC
Developmental Biology, Russian Journal of Developmental Biology, International
Journal of Developmental Biology, Current Topics in Developmental Biology, Research
Journal of Biological research

Cell Death
Cell death is the Cessation of respiration within the cell that stops the production of
energy, nutrients, active molecular transport, and the like. Cell death is the event of a
biological cell ceasing to carry out its functions. This may be the result of the natural
process of old cells dying and being replaced by new ones, or may result from such
factors as disease, localized injury, or the death of the organism of which the cells are
part. Cell death includes Programmed cell death (or PCD), Apoptosis and Autophagy.
Programmed cell death is cell death mediated by an intracellular program. Autophagy is

cytoplasmic, characterized by the formation of large vacuoles that eat away organelles
in a specific sequence prior to the destruction of the nucleus. Apoptosis is the process
of programmed cell death that may occur in multicellular organisms.
Related Journals of Cell Death
Journal of Cell Signaling, Research Journal of Biological research, Cellular and
Molecular Biology, Single Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Journal of Cell Science &
Therapy, Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Research Journal of Biological
research, Journal of Molecular and Genetic Medicine, Cell Death and Differentiation,
Apoptosis, Experimental Cell Research, Developmental Biology, Molecular and Cellular
Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, International Biological Journals

Circadian Biology
It is a process that displays an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24
hours.Circadian Rhythms are often referred to as the "body clock". A growing body of
research is examining the adverse health effects a disrupted circadian rhythm can have,
like increasing the chances of cardiovascualr events, obesity, and a correlation with
neurological problems like depression and bipolar disorder. There are clear patterns of
brain wave activity, hormone production, cell regeneration and other biological activities
linked to this daily cycle.
Related Journals of Circadian Biology
Journal of Sleep Disorders & Therapy, Biology Journals List, Journal of Cytology &
Histology, Current Synthetic and Systems Biology, Cell & Developmental Biology, Single
Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, PLOS Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biology, Journal
of Thermal Biology, Research Journal of Biological research, Seminars in Cell &
Developmental Biology, Iet Systems Biology, Genome Biology, Nature Reviews
Molecular Cell Biology, Peer Review Biology Journal

Cell Transplantation
Organ transplantation is often the only treatment for end state organ failure, such as
liver and heart failure. The procurement of organs for transplantation involves the
removal of organs from the bodies of deceased persons. This removal must follow legal
requirements, including the definition of death and consent. Organs and/or tissues that
are transplanted within the same person's body are called autografts. Transplants that
are recently performed between two subjects of the same species are called allografts.
Allografts can either be from a living or cadaveric source. Transplantation raises a
number of bioethicalissues, including the definition of death, when and how consent

should be given for anorgan to be transplanted, and payment for organs

for transplantation.
Related Journals of Cell Transplantation
Journal of Clinical & Medical Genomics, International Journal of Developmental Biology,
Journal of Transplantation Technologies & Research, Journal of Autacoids and
Hormones, Cytotherapy, Stem Cell Reviews and Reports, Current Research Journal of
Biological Sciences, Journal of Clinical Microbiology, Cell and Tissue Research, Current
Stem Cell Research & Therapy, Experimental Cell Research, Cell and Tissue
Banking, Biological Science Reviews

Biology of Cell
Cell biology is the study of cell structure and function, and it revolves around the
concept that the cell is the fundamental unit of life. Focusing on the cell permits a
detailed understanding of the tissues and organisms that cells compose. Some
organisms have only one cell, while others are organized into cooperative groups with
huge numbers of cells. On the whole, cell biology focuses on the structure and function
of a cell, from the most general properties shared by all cells, to the unique, highly
intricate functions particular to specialized cells.
Related Journals of Cell Biology
Journal of Stem Cell Research & Therapy, International Journal of Developmental
Biology, Journal of Cell Science & Therapy, Cell & Developmental Biology, Single Cell
Biology, Journal of Biological Sciences, Journal of Fertilization: In Vitro - IVF-Worldwide,
Reproductive Medicine, Genetics & Stem Cell Biology, Journal of Cell Signaling,
Cellular and Molecular Biology, Trends in Cell Biology, Research Journal of Biological
research, Current Opinion in Cell Biology, Current Biology, Journal of Cell Biology,
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, International Review of Cytology-a Survey of
Cell Biology, Methods in Cell Biology, Peer Review Biology Journal
Biology of Immune System
Immunity can be defined as the capacity to recognize the intrusion of material foreign
to the body and to mobilise cells and cell products to remove that sort of foreign material
with great speed and effectiveness. The immune system is a system of many biological
structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease. To function
properly, an immune system must detect a wide variety of agents, known as pathogens,
from viruses to parasitic worms, and distinguish them from the organism's own healthy
tissue. In many species, the immune system can be classified into subsystems, such as
the innate immune system versus the adaptive immune system, or humoral immunity
versus cell-mediated immunity.

Related Journals of Biology Immune System

Immunome Research, International Journal of Developmental Biology, Journal of
Clinical & Cellular Immunology, Journal of General Practice, Journal of Allergy &
Therapy, Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination, Innate Immunity & Immunological
Disorders, Journal of Cell Science & Therapy, International Journal of Developmental
Biology, Journal of Leukocyte Biology, Immunology and Cell Biology, His to chemistry
and Cell Biology, Journal of Cell Biology, Journal of Theoretical Biology, Quarterly
Review of Biology, International Biological Journals

Biology of Circulatory System

Multicellular organisms have developed transport and circulatory systems to deliver
oxygen and food to cells and remove carbon dioxide and metabolic wastes. The
lymphatic system is an extension of the human circulatory system that includes cellmediated and antibody-mediated immune systems. The human circulatory system
functions to transport blood and oxygen from the lungs to the various tissues of
the body. The heart pumps the blood throughout the body. Living things must be
capable of transporting nutrients, wastes and gases to and from cells. Single-celled
organisms use their cell surface as a point of exchange with the outside environment.
The components of the human circulatory system include the heart, blood, red and
white blood cells, platelets, and the lymphatic system.
Related Journals of Biology of Circulatory System
Journal of Thrombosis and Circulation: Open Access, Journal of Blood & Lymph,
Biological Sciences Journals, Journal of Blood Disorders & Transfusion, Journal of
Hematology & Thromboembolic Diseases, Journal of Hypertension: Open Access,
Quarterly Review of Biology, Cells Tissues Organs, Journal of Biological Research,
Journal of Biological Education, Artificial Cells, Blood Substitutes and Biotechnology,
Experimental Cell Research, Current Biology, Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry,
International Biological Journals

ECOLOGICAL SYSTEMS
Ecological Systems theory states that human development is influenced by the different
types of environmental systems. Formulated by famous psychologist Urie
Bronfenbrenner, this theory helps us understand why we may behave differently when
we compare our behavior in the presence of our family and our behavior when we are in
school or at work.
The Five Environmental Systems

The ecological systems theory holds that we encounter different environments

throughout our lifespan that may influence our behavior in varying degrees. These
systems include the micro system, the mesosystem, the exosystem, the macro system,
and the chronosystem.
1. The Micro System
The micro system's setting is the direct environment we have in our lives. Your family,
friends, classmates, teachers, neighbors and other people who have a direct contact
with you are included in your micro system. The micro system is the setting in which we
have direct social interactions with these social agents. The theory states that we are
not mere recipients of the experiences we have when socializing with these people in
the micro system environment, but we are contributing to the construction of such
environment.

2. The Mesosystem
The mesosytem involves the relationships between the microsystems in one's life. This
means that your family experience may be related to your school experience. For
example, if a child is neglected by his parents, he may have a low chance of developing
positive attitude towards his teachers. Also, this child may feel awkward in the presence
of peers and may resort to withdrawal from a group of classmates.

3. The Exosystem
The exosystem is the setting in which there is a link between the context where in the
person does not have any active role, and the context where in is actively participating.
Suppose a child is more attached to his father than his mother. If the father goes abroad
to work for several months, there may be a conflict between the mother and the child's

social relationship, or on the other hand, this event may result to a tighter bond between
the mother and the child.

4. The Macrosystem
The macrosystem setting is the actual culture of an individual. The cultural contexts
involve the socioeconomic status of the person and/or his family, his ethnicity or race
and living in a still developing or a third world country. For example, being born to a poor
family makes a person work harder every day.

5. The Chronosystem
The chronosystem includes the transitions and shifts in one's lifespan. This may also
involve the socio-historical contexts that may influence a person. One classic example
of this is how divorce, as a major life transition, may affect not only the couple's
relationship but also their children's behavior. According to a majority of research,
children are negatively affected on the first year after the divorce. The next years after it
would reveal that the interaction within the family becomes more stable and agreeable.

Value of the Theory

This theory, published in 1979, has influenced many psychologists in terms of the
manner of analyzing the person and the effects of different environmental systems that
he encounters. The ecological systems theory has since become an important theory
that became a foundation of other theorists' work.