ANATOMY

IdaMaeTan
1D|Table28
SGD8:PosteriorForearmandDorsumoftheHand

1.Describetheskinandthesuperficialfasciaoftheforearmanddorsumofthehand.
Forearm
Skinisthin,hairy,freelymobileontheunderlyingtendonsandbones.
Itissuppliedbytheanteriorandposteriorbranchesofthelateralcutaneousnerveofthe
forearm,acontinuationofthemusculocutaneousnerve,andfromtheanteriorand
posteriorbranchesofthemedialcutaneousnerveoftheforearm.
Narrowstripofskindownthemiddleoftheposteriorsurfaceoftheforearmsuppliedby
theposteriorcutaneousnerveoftheforearm.

DorsumoftheHand
Skinisthin,hairy,freelymobileontheunderlyingtendonsandbones.

2.Reviewthedeepfascia.
Forearmisenclosedindeepfascia,attachedtoperiosteumoftheposteriorsubcutaneous
borderoftheulna.Togetherwithinterosseousmembraneandfibrousintermuscularsepta,
dividestheforearmintoseveralcompartments.

Anteriorfascialcompartment
Muscles:superficialgroup(pronatorteres,flexorcarpiradialis,palmarislongus,flexorcarpi
ulnaris)intermediategroup(flexordigitorumsuperficialis)deepgroup(flexorpollicislongus,
flexordigitorumprofundus,pronatorquadratus)

3.Discussthemusclesintheposteriorcompartmentoftheforearm.

Muscle

Origin

Insertion

NerveSupply

Action

Extensorcarpi
radialisbrevis

Lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus

Posterior
surfaceofbase
of3rd
metacarpal
bone

Deepbranchof
radialnerve
(C7)

Extendsand
abductshandat
wristjoint

Extensor
digitorum

Lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus

Middleand
Deepbranchof
distalphalanges radialnerve
ofmedialfour
(C7)
fingers

Extendsfingers
andhand

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Extensordigiti
minimi

Lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus

Extensor
expansionof
littlefinger

Deepbranchof
radialnerve
(C7)

Extends
metacarpal
phalangealjoint
oflittlefinger

Extensorcarpi
ulnaris

Lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus

Baseof5th
metacarpal
bone

Deepbranchof
radialnerve
(C8)

Extendsand
adductshandat
wristjoint

Anconeus

Lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus

Lateralsurface
ofolecranon
processofulna

Radialnerve

Extendselbow
joint

Supinator

Lateral
epicondyleof
thehumerus,
anularligament
ofproximal
radioulnarjoint,
andulna

Neckandshaft
ofradius

Deepbranchof
radialnerve

Supinationof
forearm

Abductorpollicis Posterior
Baseoffirst
longus
surfaceofshafts metacarpal
ofradiusand
bone
ulna

Deepbranchof
radialnerve
(C8)

Abductsand
extendsthumb

Extensorpollicis Posterior
brevis
surfaceofshaft
ofradius

Baseof
proximal
phalanxof
thumb

Deepbranchof
radialnerve
(C8)

Extends
metacarpophala
ngealjointsof
thumb

Extensorpollicis Posterior
longus
surfaceofshaft
ofulna

Baseofdistal
phalanxof
thumb

Deepbranchof
radialnerve
(C8)

Extendsdistal
phalanxof
thumb

Extensorindicis

Extensor
expansionof
indexfinger

Deepbranchof
radialnerve
(C8)

Extends
metacarpophala
ngealjointof
indexfinger

Posterior
surfaceofshaft
ofulna

4.Describetheradialnerveintheforearmuptoitsterminalbranchesinthehand.
Deepbranchoftheradialnervearisesfromradialnerveinfrontoflateralepicondyleof
thehumerusinthecubitalfossa.
Piercessupinatorandwindsaroundlateralaspectoftheneckoftheradiusinthe
substanceofthemuscletoreachtheposteriorcompartmentoftheforearm.
Nervedescendsinintervalbetweenthesuperficialanddeepgroupsofmuscles.
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Branches
Muscular
Extensorcarpiradialisbrevis
Supinator
Extensordigitorum
Extensordigitiminimi
Extesnorcarpiulnaris
Abductorpollicislongus
Extensorpollicisbrevis
Extesnorpollicislongus
Extensorindicis

Articular
wristandcarpaljoints

5.Describetheextensorretinaculum,thestructurespassingthruit.
Attachedmediallytothepisiformboneandthehookofthehamate.
Attachedlaterallytothedistalendoftheradius.
Upper(deepfasciaofforearm),lower(deepfasciaofarm)
Itisathickeningofdeepfasciathatstretchesacrossthebackofthewrist
Itholdslongextensortendonsinplace.
Itconvertsgroovesonposteriorsurfaceofdistalendsoftheradiusandulnainto
six
separatetunnelsforpassageoflongextensortendons.
Tunnelsareseparatedbyfibrousseptathatpassfromthedeepsurfaceofthe
retinaculumtothebones

6.Describetheextensorexpansionanditssignificance.
Itisafascialexpansionthatsplitsintothreeparts
Central:insertedintobaseofthemiddlephalanx
Twolateralparts:convergedtobeinsertedintothebaseofthedistalphalanx.
Receivestendonoftheinsertionofthecorrespondinginterosseousmuscleoneachside
andfartherdistallyreceivesthetendonofthelumbricalmuscleonlateralside.

7.Discusstheanatomicalsnuffboxanditssignificance.
Atriangularskindepressiononthelateralsideofthewrist
Boundmediallybythetendonoftheextensorpollicislongus
Boundlaterallybytendonoftheabductorpollicislongusandextensorpollicisbrevis
Clinicalimportance:Scaphoidboneismosteasilypalpatedhere,andpulsationsofthe
radialarterycanbefelthere.

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