will@ncnu.edu.

tw

ADSL
cable modem

piece cake

5,6 3dB
Null-to-null rms p%

(power spectral density, PSD)

(Symbol)
T
(Fourier) Sinc
sinc

Sinc

0.8

Amplitude

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
Bandwidth
-0.2

-0.4

3
1/T Hz

Sinc(x)= sinx/x

Sinc
0 1/T null1/T
Null-to-null null
Null
1/T 1/2T 1/T
1/T 1/T (symbol rate )
symbol T 1/T symbols ADSL 256
symbol rate 4k ADSL
4KHz*256 =1.024MHz ADSL

ADSL (voice modem)

4KHz T=1/4K=250us
4 (a) 4
1/1MHz =1us
4 (b)
(dispersive)

voice modem ADSL

Pulse Response

Pulse Response

0.35

0.05

A m p li t u d e

0.3

A m p litu de

0.25
0.2
0.15

0.04

0.03

0.02
0.1
0.01

0.05
0

0
0

200

400

600

800

1000 1200
usec

1400

1600

1800

2000

20

(a)

40

60

80
usec

120

140

(b)
Insertion Loss

Insertion Loss

80

14

70
60

13.5

50

13

dB

dB

100

40

12.5

30
20

12

1000

2000

3000

(a)

4000
Hz

5000

6000

7000

10

5
Hz

10
5

x 10

(b)

4
insertion loss(a)
(b) 4KHz 4KHz 1dB
(B) 1MHz 60dB 100

cable modem
cable modem 6MHz dB
cable modem channels
800MHz

Gbps1Gbps 109
1GHz Gbps

 ADM
channel
Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
DWDM

|S21|

0
-2
-4
-6

dB

-8
-10
-12
-14
-16
-18
-20

100

200

300

400

500
MHz

600

700

800

900

1000

GPRS
2.5 Notebook

( Multi-path)
(reflection) (diffraction)
(scattering)
(a)
10 T 10 T
Multi-path T
Multi-path (b) (a) 10
100KHz(b) 100KHz
dB 100KHz
1MHz Frequency
selective fading Frequency selective fading

(a)

(b)

broadband wideband

ATM Forum
Broadband: A service or system requiring transmission channels capable of supporting rates
greater than the Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) primary rate.

Merriam-Websters Dictionary
Broadband:
1 : operating at, responsive to, or comprising a wide band of frequencies <a broadband radio
antenna>
2 : of, relating to, or being a communications network in which a frequency range is divided into
multiple independent channels for simultaneous transmission of signals (as voice, data, or video)

ITU
Bandwidth: The range of frequencies available to be occupied by signals. In analogue systems it
is measured in terms of Hertz (Hz) and in digital systems in bit/s per second (bit/s). The higher the
bandwidth, the greater the amount of information that can be transmitted in a given time. High
bandwidth channels are referred to as broadband which typically means 1.5/2.0 Mbit/s or higher.

Federal Standard 1037C ()

wideband: 1. The property of any communications facility, equipment, channel, or system in

which the range of frequencies used for transmission is greater than 0.1 % of the midband
frequency. (188) Note: "Wideband" has many meanings depending upon application. "Wideband"
is often used to distinguish it from "narrowband," where both terms are subjectively defined
relative to the implied context. 2. In communications security systems, a bandwidth exceeding
that of a nominal 4-kHz telephone channel. (188) [From Weik '89] 3. The property of a circuit
that has a bandwidth wider than normal for the type of circuit, frequency of operation, or type of
modulation. 4. In telephony, the property of a circuit that has a bandwidth greater than 4 kHz.
(188) 5. Pertaining to a signal that occupies a broad frequency spectrum. Synonym broadband.
[From Weik '89]