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DistillationColumn:ColumnInternals,Bubblecaptrays,Valvetrays,Sievetrays,Structuredpacking
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EXPLOREtheWORLDofPIPING
DOCS MATL SOCY PIPES FLANGES FTTG VALVES BOLTS GASKETS EQPT SPECIALS STEEL DIN STEAM OTHERS
Sieve trays
Sievetraysaresimplymetalplateswithholesinthem.Vapourpassesstraightupwardthroughthe
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DistillationColumn:ColumnInternals,Bubblecaptrays,Valvetrays,Sievetrays,Structuredpacking
liquidontheplate.Thearrangement,numberandsizeoftheholesaredesignparameters.
Valve trays
Invalvetrays,perforationsarecoveredbyliftablecaps.Vapourflowsliftsthecaps,thusselfcreatinga
flowareaforthepassageofvapour.Theliftingcapdirectsthevapourtoflowhorizontallyintothe
liquid,thusprovidingbettermixingthanispossibleinsievetrays.
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DistillationColumn:ColumnInternals,Bubblecaptrays,Valvetrays,Sievetrays,Structuredpacking
ThisFLEXITRAYTMvalvetrayisasteelsheetonwhichliftablevalvesaremounted.Theyaremuch
moreefficientthansievetrays.PictureofKochGlitsch,LP.
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DistillationColumn:ColumnInternals,Bubblecaptrays,Valvetrays,Sievetrays,Structuredpacking
Aweironthetrayensuresthatthereisalwayssomeliquid(holdup)onthetrayandisdesignedsuch
thatthetheholdupisatasuitableheight,e.g.suchthatthebubblecapsarecoveredbyliquid.
Beinglighter,vapourflowsupthecolumnandisforcedtopassthroughtheliquid,viatheopeningson
eachtray.Theareaallowedforthepassageofvapouroneachtrayiscalledtheactivetrayarea.
Tray Designs
Atrayessentiallyactsasaminicolumn,eachaccomplishingafractionoftheseparationtask.Fromthis
wecandeducethatthemoretraysthereare,thebetterthedegreeofseparationandthatoverall
separationefficiencywilldependsignificantlyonthedesignofthetray.Traysaredesignedtomaximise
vapourliquidcontactbyconsideringthe
liquiddistributionand
vapourdistribution
onthetray.Thisisbecausebettervapourliquidcontactmeansbetterseparationateachtray,
translatingtobettercolumnperformance.Lesstrayswillberequiredtoachievethesamedegreeof
separation.Attendantbenefitsincludelessenergyusageandlowerconstructioncosts.
Structured packing
Thetermstructuredpackingreferstoarangeofspeciallydesignedmaterialsforuseinabsorptionand
distillationcolumns.Structuredpackingstypicallyconsistofthincorrugatedmetalplatesorgauzes
arrangedinawaythattheyforcefluidstotakecomplicatedpathsthroughthecolumn,thereby
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DistillationColumn:ColumnInternals,Bubblecaptrays,Valvetrays,Sievetrays,Structuredpacking
creatingalargesurfaceareaforcontactbetweendifferentphases.
Structuredpackingisformedfromcorrugatedsheetsofperforatedembossedmetalorwiregauze.The
resultisaveryopenhoneycombstructurewithinclinedflowchannelsgivingarelativelyhighsurface
areabutwithverylowresistancetogasflow.
Thesurfaceenhancementshavebeenchosentomaximizeliquidspreading.Thesecharacteristicstend
toshowsignificantperformancebenefitsinlowpressureandlowirrigationrateapplications.
Part 1:WhatareDistillationColumns?
Part 2:DistillationColumn:ColumnInternals
Foramoreexpandedarticleaboutdistillation,pleasevisit:
http://lorien.ncl.ac.uk
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GraphiccourtesyofBismarckStateCollegeNationalEnergyCenterofExcellence
WernerSlken20082015.Allrightsreserved.
DonotworryaboutyourdifficultiesinMathematics.Icanassureyouminearestillgreater.AlbertEinstein
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