UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND

Chakdara Dir (L) N.W.F.P Pakistan

Ph: 0945-763441 Fax: 0945-763491
www.uom.edu.pk
______________________________________________________SEMESTER-I

Code: BCS111 Credit Hours: 3

Fundamentals of Computers

Basic of Computer
a) Introduction and history of computers
b) Types of Computer
c) Computer organization

Computer Software
a) Software Introduction
b) Types of Software
c) PC Platform

Date processing and Storage

a) Data Processing Techniques
b) Data Storage (Bit, RAM, ROM, Cache Memory, Secondary Storage (F D,
HDD, Tape, CD)

The Processor
a) Bus Port
b) Computer Motherboard
1. Microprocessor
2. Math Co-processor
3. Memory Ship
4. Support Chips
5. Built-in programs
6. Expansion Slots

INPUT and OUTPUT Devices

a) Input Devices
1. Keyboard and its types
2. Point and Draw devices
3. Scanner, Digital Camera, speech recognition system and multimedia.
b) Out put Devices
1. monitor
2. printers and types (Dot matrix, inkjet and Laser)
3. Plotters (Raster and Pen)
4. Presentation Graphics and special function terminals (ATMs, POSs)
Windows
a) Windows introduction
b) Finding Finding Files, installing printers
c) The Desktop and types of windows (application, document , dialog)
d) Elements of an application window
e) Understanding folders, copying, deleting and moving files[

Word proceeding (MS Word)

a) Basic Concepts and Features
b) Creating , saving, editing , formatting and printing document
c) Working with Tables
Electronic spreadsheet (MS Excel)

a) Basic Concepts and Features

b) Creating, saving Excel sheet, editing the sheet
c) Managing formula, formatting the sheet and printing the sheet
d) Working of workbook

Basics of Internet Usage

a) Introduction
b) World Wide Web and Web sites
c) Introduction to Internet Based services and use of E-mail

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Using Information Technology (2nd Ed.) By William Sarvye Hutchinson
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Code: BCS112 Credit Hours: 3

Mathematics-I (Calculus-I)

Real and Complex Numbers

a) Real numbers
b) Complex numbers
Functions, Limit and Continuity of a function.
a) Functions
b) Graphs
c) Sequences
d) Limit and Continuity of a function of one variable.
Differentiation-I
a) Differentiation
b) Product and Quotient Rules
c) Tangent
d) Normal
Differentiation-II
a) Chain Rule
b) Implicit differentiation
Application of Differentiation-I
a) Roll’s And Mean Value Theorem
b) Taylor’s Theorem
c) Maclaurin’s Theorem
Application of Differentiation-II
a) Newton’s and Picard’s Method and its application
b) Maxima
c) Minima
Indeterminate forms
a) L’Hospital’s Rule
b) Application of L’Hospital’s Rule
Integration
a) Basic Integration
b) Integration by identities
c) Integration by substitutions
d) Integration of trigonometric functions
e) Integration by parts
Application by parts
a) Area and Volume by integration
b) Differential Equations (Separable variables techniques)
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Anton Howard, Calculus, by John Wily & Sons. Inc.
 UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
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Code: BCS113 Credit Hours: 3

Probability and Statistics

Introduction
a) Meaning of Statistics
b) Importance of statistics in various fields
c) Population and Sample
d) Variables
e) Statistical data

Statistical Measures of Data

a) Measures of Central tendency Mean, Median, Mode and quartiles
b) Measures of Variation: Range, Standard Deviation, Variance and
Coefficient of Variation

Sets and Probability

a) The Concept of a Set
b) Set Operations and Algebra of Sets
c) Permutation and Combination
d) The Concept of Probability
e) Theorems of Probability
f) Conditional Probability

Random Variables and Probability Distribution

a) Concept of a Random Variable
b) Discrete Probability Distributions
c) Continuous Probability Distributions
d) Joint Distribution of two random variables
e) Mathematical Expectations

Special Probability Distributions

a) Binomial Distribution
b) Poisson Distribution
c) Hyper geometric Distribution
d) Uniform Distribution
e) Normal distribution
 a) Point estimation
b) Properties of a good estimator
c) Confidence Intervals
d) Statistical Hypotheses
e) Tests a Statistical Hypotheses
f) Test Concerning Means
g) Tests Concerning Difference between two Means
h) Goodness of Fist Test and test for Independence

Simple Linear Regression and Correlation

a) Simple linear Regression
b) Least Squares estimation of the Regression Parameters
c) Inference Concerning the Regression Coefficients
d) Liniest Correlation
e) The Coefficient of Correlation
f) Properties of the Coefficient of Correlation

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1. Introduction to statistics, By Ronald E. Walpole. Macmillan
Publishing Co, Inc. new York (latest edition)

2. Probability and Statistics for Engineers by 1. Miller and J.E. , 4th Edition,
Printice Hall, 1990.
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Code: BCS114 Credit Hours: 3
Functional English
Function Asking &answering question
a) Structure The Present Perfect
b) Reading Guessing the meaning of words
c) Writing Informal letters: beginning and ending
d) Listening Understanding directions
Function Seeking agreement and confirmation
a) Structure The Present perfect and simple past tense
b) Reading Guessing the meanings of words
c) Writing Joining sentences
d) Listening Listening to a narrative account
Function Agreeing and disagreeing
a) Structure Reported Speech
b) Reading Predicting
c) Writing Informal Letters
d) Listening Giving advice
Function Possibility/impossibility
a) Structure Conditionals
b) Reading Skimming and scanning
c) Writing Formal letters
d) Listening to a talk/lecture
Function Certainty /uncertainly: obligations
a) Structure The passive
b) Reading Function in a text
c) Writing Formal letters
d) Listening Listening to an interview
Functions References/Interactions
a) Structure The ing form
b) Reading Reading the main idea and supporting details
c) Writing Formal letters
d) Listening Listening to a talk/Lecture
Function Permission
a) Structure The past perfect and future perfect tense
b) Reading Classification
c) Writing Applying for a job
d) Listening Listening to a radio broadcast
Function Appreciation, regret and indifference
a) Structure Relative clauses
b) Reading Thermatization
c) Writing Note taking
d) Listening to an argument
Function Suggesting/Warning
a) Structure Present Continuous and Present Simple Tense
b) Reading Facts and Opinion
c) Writing Summarising
 d) Listening Listening to a story

UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
Chakdara Dir (L) N.W.F.P Pakistan
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______________________________________________________SEMESTER-I
Code: BCS115 Credit Hours: 3

Pakistan Studies/Islamic Studies

Pakistan Studies
a) Ideology of Pakistan in the historical perspective

b) Two nation theory

c) Pakistan movement

d) Initial difficulties

e) Islamization in Pakistan

f) The land of Pakistan

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1. A comprehensive books of Pakistan Studies, by M. Ikram Rabbani.
2. The struggle for Pakistan, by I.H.Qureshi.
3. Towards Pakistan, by Waheed-uz-Zaman.
4. The making of Pakistan, by K.K.Aziz.

Islamic Studies
a) Definition and meaning of Islam

b) The place of Quran in Islamic World Nations

c) The Hadith

d) The Political system of Islam

e) The Legal system of Islam

f) Principles of an Islamic state and chances of their people

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1. The Islamic Law and constitution, by Abul Ala Maududi

2. Politics and National Solidarity, by Anwar H.Syed Islam

3. A handbook of Islam, by M.A.Hai

4. Al-Quran (a contemporary translation)

5. The concept of an Islamic state, by Ishtiaq Ahmad

6. Jinnah and Pakistan of Islamic identity, by Dr. Ismail Farooqi

 UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
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Ph: 0945-763441 Fax: 0945-763491
www.uom.edu.pk
_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-II

Code: BCS121 Credit Hours: 4

Programming Concepts

Introduction to computer program

a) Computer program concepts, High level languages, 4GL

b) Editor, compiler, source program, object program

Computer Program Engineering

a) Introduction, problem solving techniques, qualities of a good program

b) Program life cycle

Computer Program Basic

a) Basic program structure, (Input, Output, Process)

b) Constant variable, data types, operators, expression, statement

I/O and Debugging

Input/ Output statements, debugging procedures, errors logical, syntax
Transfer of control structures
a) Conditional/Conditional

b) Simple decision (if-then-else)

c) Complex decision (case structure/ nested decision)

Repetition
For structure, While structure, repeat structure, Recursion

Arrays
Arrays (introduction, single, multidimensional

Functions and subprograms

Functions, Procedures, and Recursion

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1. Structures and Abstraction by William I.Salman

(C/C++ to be used for understanding and implementation)

2. C++ How to program by Dietal and Dietal.

 UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-II

Code: BCS122 Credit Hours: 3

Mathematics-II (Calculus0II)
Vector-I
a) Vectors

b) Vector Analysis

Vector-II
a) Calculus of vectors

b) Application of Vector Calculus

Infinite Series
a) Sequence, Monotonic Sequence, Infinite Series

b) Convergence, Integral Tests, Convergence Test Comparison Test

c) Alternating Series, Conditional Convergence

Functions of several variables

a) Functions of several variables

b) Limit and continuity of function of several variables

c) Partial derivatives

Hyperbolic functions
a) Hyperbolic functions

b) Calculus of Hyperbolic functions

Higher Integration
a) Reduction formula

b) Some more techniques of integration

Applications of integration
a) Line integral

b) Multiple integrals

c) Double and triple integrals

First order differential equations

First order differential equations
Second order differential equations
Second order differential equations
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Anton Howard, Calculuuus, Johhhn Wileeey & Sonnns, Inc
 UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-II
Code: BCS123 Physics Credit Hours: 3
Electrostatics
a) Coulombs Low

b) Coulombs Law and its experimental verification

c) Electric charge

d) Charge quantized

e) Eclectic fields

f) Gauss’s Law

g) Electric potential

h) Flux of electric field, Gausses law and its application

i) Electric potential as line integral potential due to charge distribution,

Potential and field due to bipole

j) Capacitors and dielectrics.

k) Equation of continuity

l) Capacity of a spherical and parallel plate capacitor, polarization of matter

m) Gausses law in dielectrics, electric susceptibility and dielectric constant

n) Energy density of electrostatic field

Electric Current And Magnetic Fields
a) Current and magnetic field, eclectic current, Ohms law

b) Equation of continuity

c) Field due to a current interaction of magnetic field with current

d) Magnetic induction vector , B. Biot Savart law

e) Field due to a straight and circular current

f) Ampere’s law, Ampere’s circuital theorem

g) Fields due to a solenoid and a toroid, thermo eclectically seebeck

h) Pelters and Thomsons’s effect, total e.m. f in thermocouple

 i) Photo Voltaic effect, pi electric effect, pi electric effect

j) Farady,s law, Farady’s law of electromagnetic induction and its

k) Differential form

l) Self induction, self inductance of a totoidal solenoid, mutual induction

m) Mutual inductance of a toroidal solenoid

n) Magnetic fields in matter-l, magnetization vector, the magmatic intensity

o) Vector H

p) Magnetic energy, density, dia, para and fore magnetism phlegmatic hyteresis]
Maxwell’s Equations
a) Maxwell’s equations

b) Maxwell equations, wave equations and its plane, wave solution in free pace

c) Relation between the propagation vector

d) Electric and magnetic vectors in a plane wave polynting vector

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Fundamentals of physics (5th Ed.) by Halliday, Resnick, walker

UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
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Code: BCS124 Credit Hours: 4

Discrete Mathematics

Prepositional Logic
a) What is proof, preposition, new prepositions from old one prepositional
calculus

b) Algorithms, truth tables, tautologies, equivalent prepositions

c) The conditional and bi conditional prepositions, arguments and proofs,

predicate logic

Rule of inference and its application

a) Rule of inference, proving quantified statements, methods of proof,
mathematical induction.
 b) Logical proof of mathematical induction

Set theory
a) Basic definitions, operations on sets, Demorgan’s laws, Venn diagram

b) Cartesian product of sets, sequences, equivalence relation, equivalence

classes, partially ordered sets.

Counting techniques
a) Counting and partition , Counting techniques (Union of Sets)

b) Counting Techniques (products of Sets and Sequences of Events)

c) Counting Techniques (Subsets, Combinations, and permutations),Trees

Further Set Theory

a) Definition of a Topological Space, Discrete and indiscreet Topology

b) Coarser and Finer Topology, intersection and Union of Topologies

c) Open Sets and Neighborhoods. Countable Sets, Algebraic Structures.

Matrices and of System Linear Equations

a) Definition of a Matrices, Square and symmetric Matrix-Transpose of a
Matrices

b) Algebra of Matrices, Solution of System of Linear Equations (Basic)

Boolean Algebra

a) Logic and Electronic Gates, definition of Boolean Algebra, Duality and

Boolean Algebra

b) Boolean algebra as posits, lattices, power sets and atoms

c) Building Boolean algebra from simple pieces

Graph Theory-I

a) What are Graphs, basic ideas and definitions, description of graph, planer
graphs

b) Connectivity, computer representation of graphs

c) Using matrix entries to find the number of walks of lenth in a graph

Graph Theory-II

a) Eulerian path, euleeian circuit, Euler’s theorem, Hamiltonian paths

 b) Directed and indirected graphs, isomorphism of graphs, trees.

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Discrete Mathematics By K.A. Ross and C.R.B. Wright, Printice Hall, January 1992.
 UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
Chakdara Dir (L) N.W.F.P Pakistan
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-III
Code: BCS231 Credit Hours: 3
Digital Logica Design
Numbering Systems
a) Number Representation, Conversion, and Arithmetic in/between Binary, Octal,
Decimal, Hexadecimal Numbering Systems

b) Complements and Complement Arithmetic, Binary Coding Schemes, Binary Logic,

ICs

Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates

a) Definitions, theorems and properties, Boolean Algebra theorem proving, Duality
principle

b) Boolean Functions, Standard and Canonical Forms of Boolean Functions,

Conversion between Standard and Canonical Forms, Logic Gates, Implementation of
Boolean Functions with AND, OR, and Not Gates

Simplification of Boolean Functions

Simplification by Algebraic Manipulation, Map and Tabulation Methods, Boolean Function
Implementation with NAND and NOR Gates

Combination Logic
a) Design and Anylsis procedures for combinational circuits, Designing and analysing
and analyzing adders, subtractors, and cade converters,

b) EOR and ENOR functions, their Applications and implementations

Combinational Logic with MSI and LSI

a) Binary parallel adder, Decimal adder, BCD adder, Magnitude Comparator,
Decoders, Demultiplexors, Encoders, Multiplexers, ROMs,PLAs

b) Implementation of Boolean Function with Decoders, Multiplexers, ROMs, and PLAs

Sequential Logic
a) Introduction, Lathes, Flip Flops, Types of Flip-Flops, Synchronous and Anynchronous
Flip-Flops, Master-Slave and Edge –Triggered Flip- Flops

b) Design and Anlysis procedures for Sequential Circuits, Designing and Analysis
Counter and Other Sequential Circuits, State Machines
Registers, Counters, and Memory Unit
a) Anlysis Counters, Timing asequence4 and Memory unit

b) Reduction of State and Flow Tables, Race Free State Assignment

Digital Integrated Circuits
a) Bipolar Transistor Chacteristics, RTLand DTLCircuits

b) Transistor-Transistor Logic, Emitter-Coupled Logic(ECL)

 c) Metal 0xide Semiconductor (MOS),CMOS

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Digital Logic and Computer Design by Morris Mano
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-III
Code: BCS232 Credit Hours: 4
Programming Language-(C++)

Overview of Arrays and Functions

a) Arrays ( Fundamentals, Arrays as Class member data, as Objects Strings)

b) Function ( Declaration, Calling, passing arguments, returning values)

c) Function overloading inline functions.

Structures and Unions

Structures (Structure specification & definition Accessing structure elements)
Enumerated Data Type and Storage Classes
Enumerated data declaration and use, Automatic External and Static variables,
Registers

Introduction to Objects Oriented programming

a) Advantages of Object Oriented approach, Objects

b) Classes, inheritance, Reusability, creating new data types

c) Polymorphism, overloading.

Dealing with Classes and Objects in C++

a) Specifying and using Classes and Objects, Constructors and Destructors

b) Objects as function argument , Retuning objects from functions

Operator overloading, Inheritance, pointer Special Functions, and Files & Streams
Operator overloading (Unary operators, Binary operators, Data conversion, pitfalls)
a) Inheritance
1. Derived and Base Classes, Derived Class Constructors
2. Overriding member functions, class hierarchies. Public & private inheritance.
b) Pointers
1. Address and pointers, pointers and Arrays
2. Pointers and functions, pointers and strings, memory allocation and de
allocation
3. pointers to objects, pointers to pointers
c) Some Special Types of Functions
1. Virtual functions, friend functions, static functions.
d) Files and Streams
1. Streams, String I/O, Character I/O Object I/O, I/O with multiple objects
2. File pointers, disk I/O with member functions, error handing
3. Redirection of input and output, command line arguments.
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Turbo C++, by Robert Lafore
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-III
Code: BCS233 Credit Hours: 3
Data Structures
Introduction
Linear Structures: Arrays
a) Linked implementation b) Odd shaped Arrays
c) Fights Triangular d) Isosceles triangular
Stacks & Queues
a) stacks
b) Queues
c) Basic operations
Lists
a) Linked Lists
b) Types of Linked Lists
Trees
a) Linked implementation
b) Binary Trees
c) B-Trees
Trees traversal
a) Basic operations
b) Traversals Sets
Graphs
a) Representation of directed and undirected graphs
b) Traversals
c) Minimum cost spanning tree
Files
a) File organizations: Sequential
b) Indexed Seuential
c) Direct (Hashing)
d) Inverted
e) Use of B-Tree indexes
f) Merging files
Sorting & Searching
a) Internal Sorting
1. Selection
2. Insertion
3. Quick
4. Tree
5. Heap
a) External Sorting
1. Balance Merged Sort
2. Poly phase Merged Sort
b) Searching 1.
1. Binary Search
2. Sequer tial Search for ordered and unordered list
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Introduction to Data Structures, by Trembler Sorenson
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-III

Code: BCS234 Credit Hours: 3

Business communications
An overview of communication
a) Defining communication, importance of communication, concepts of
communications.
b) Barriers of communication, Noverbal communication, principles of
effective communications

Business communication in context

a) Business communication and the global context
1. Background to international communication, and the national cultural
variables
2. Individual cultural variables
b) Business communication and ethics influences on personal ethics
communication and ethical issues
Business communication and technology
a) Managing information with in organization
1. History f technological developments
2. Challenges to the organization made by the new technologies
c) e-mail and other technologies for communication
1. Defining e-mail, using e-mail, understanding how email works
2. Understanding the internet, Establishing security, voice mail. Group
ware
3. CD-ROM Database, Teleconferences, faxes
d) Managing information our sichs the organization

Message design
a) Process of preparing effective business messages
1. Five planning steps, Basic organizational plans, Beginning and ending
2. Composing the message
b) The appearance and the design of business message Business letters,
memorandums, special timesaving message media
c) Good news and Neutral message

Written communication: Major plans for letters and MEMOS

a) Bad /*+
a) 123 news messages
3. The right attitude, plans for bad news messages
4. Negative replies to request, Unfavorable unsolicited messages
b) Persuasive written messages
3. Organization of persuasive messages
4. Persuasive request, Persuasive sales letters
Written communication: Reports
a) Short Reports
1. Suggestions for short reports, information memorandum Reports
2. Analytical memorandum reports, letter Reports

b) Long formal reports (prefatory and supplement section, presentation of

long reports
c) Proposals (purpose, Kinds, Parts, sort proposals, long formal
proposals)
d) Writing style and appearance

Strategies for oral communication

a) Strategies for successful speaking and successful listening
1. Strategies for improving oral preservation, Strategies for reducing
stage fright
2. Strategies for improving listing skills
b) Strategies for success informative and persuasive speaking

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Effective business communication, international edition, 7th edition by Herk A Murphy,
Herbert W. Hildebrandt Jane P Thomas
 UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-III
Code: BCS235 Credit Hours: 3
Electronics
Direct Current Circuits
a) Joules’ Law
b) Circuit Analysis
c) Kirehhoff’s Rules
d) Wheatstone Bridge
Alternating current
a) sinusoidal current, frequency, amplitude, and phase
b) capacitive reactance
c) Inductive radiance
d) RL Filter
e) RC Filter
f) Differentiating and integrations factor
g) Transient Currents
h) Transition and Diffusion Capacitance
i) Renesse Recovery Time
j) Zener Diode
k) Light Emitting Diode
Diode Applications
a) Load line analysis
b) Series/Parallel and Series-Parallel Configurations.
c) AND/OR Gates
d) Half wave and full wave rectifier.
e) Clippers and Clampers
f) Voltage multiplier circuits, junction.
Transistor
a) Transistor Construction
b) Transistor Operation
c) Different Configurations
d) Transistor amplifying action
e) Limits of Operations
f) DC Biasing
g) Fixed Bias Circuit
h) Emitter Stabilized bias circuit
i) Voltage Divider biased
j) BJT Transistor Modeling
k) BJT Small Signal analysis
Amplifiers
a) Differential and common mode operation
b) Op-amp basic
c) Op-amp application.

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Basic Electronics for Scientists by James J. Brophy.
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-IV

Code: BCS241 Credit Hours: 4

Database-I
Database Foundation
a) Introduction, data and information, components, advantages
b) Data associations, entities, keys and its types, attributes
c) Data associations, data structure diagram

E-R Model
a) Basic constructs (Symbols), Degree of Relationships, cardinality, Gerund
b) Modelling Time dependent Data, Super Types, sub types

Data Models
a) Hierarchical, network, relational, comparison of all data models
b) Relation, characteristics of relation, converting E-R Model into relations

Normalization (1NF, 2NF, 3NF, 4NF, 5NF)

Relational algebra, Relational calculus

Database design (conceptual design, physical design)

SQL
a) Introduction: creating, altering, and deleting table
b) Inserting, updating, and deleting rows, querying tables
c) SQL functions
a. Arithmetic: Group (AVG, Count, Max, Min, Sum)
b. DATE, Special functions (In, Between, Like, Null)
d) Managing multiple tables

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1. Modern Database management, 4th Edition By Jeffery A. Hoffer
2. Oracle Developer/2000 Forms 4.5, 2nd Edition
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Code: BCS242 Credit Hours: 4

Programming Language-II (Visual C++)

Review of basic OOP concepts

Classes, Member Functions and data Members, Objects, Inheritance inline and
Friend Functions, Function Overloading and Overriding, Operator Overloading,
Static/Const Data Members and Member Function.

Virtual Functions and Polymorphism

d) Virtual Function, Polymorphism, Abstract and Concrete Classes
e) Virtual constructors and destructors, interrogation function.

Templates
a) Function and Class Templates, Overloading Templates, Overriding
Templates.
b) Templates and Inheritance, Templates and Friend Function.

Exception Handing and Streams:

a) Basic Bug Traps, C++ Exception Handling and Resumption
b) I/O Streams, files: Random and sequential file handling.

Basic GUI Programming

a) Documents and vies, status bars and tool bars, dialog boxes controls,
property pages and sheets, drawing function.
b) Bitmaps and bit operations, printing and previewing.

ActiveX applications and controls

Developing ActiveX controls and application

Socket Programming
Communication Among Processes
Process synchronization, exchanging Data through pipes and shred memory,
clipboards, using OLE

Advanced Programming Techniques

Database Access, SQL, Multithreading, MFC Library

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) Visual C++6, How to Program by Dietal & Dietal
2) Mastering Visual C++6 by Michael J. Young
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-IV

Code: BCS243 Credit Hours: 4

Operating System
Introduction
a) Definitions
b) Evolution
c) Structure and Function
Process Management
a) Process, Process states, process state models
b) Process synchronization and inter-process communication, classical IPC problems.
c) Process scheduling
d) Process management in window NT and UNIX
Memory Management
a) Real memory organization and management
b) Virtual memory organization: paging, segmentation combined paging and segmentation.
c) Virtual memory management: placement, replacement and fetch strategies,
working set theory, virtual memory management with working sets.
File Systems
a) Files b) Directory systems
c) File system implementation d) Security
e) Protection mechanisms
Input/Output Management
a) Principles of I/O Hardware b) Principles of I/O Software
c) Disks d) Clocks
e) Terminals
Deadlock
a) Resources b) Deadlock
c) Deadlock detection d) Deadlock recovery
e) Deadlock Avoidance f) Deadlock prevention
g) Other issues
An overview of major operating systems
a) Unix
b) NT
c) Windows
Distributed Operating Systems
a) Network Operating Systems
b) Distributed Operating System
Case Studies
a) UNIX
b) NT
c) Windows

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) An Introduction to operating system by Deitel, H.M.
2) Operating Systems by Collin Ritchie
3) Modern Operating Systems by Tenenbaum
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Code: BCS244 Credit Hours: 3

Computer Organization and Assembly Language Programming

Computer Organization
Data Instruction Representation

Assembly Language Programming

a) ASCII Code Assembler Directives V.S Machine Instruction
b) Keyboard Input and Screen Output
c) Addressing and instruction formats/types
i) Op-code encoding
ii) Addressing modes
iii) Addressing types
d) detailed study of different instruction types-I
i) Data-transfer instructions
ii) Data-transfer instructions
iii) Anthmetic instructions
iv) Logical instructions, program control instructions
e) conversation between ASC-II strings and Binary numbers
f) stack operations
g) debugging
h) interrupts
i) macros
j) Video Output
k) Disk I/O

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Assembly Language for IBM PC by Kip R.. Irvine
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Code: BCS351 Credit Hours: 4

Data Communication
Data transmission & networking concepts
a) communication model and communication tasks, transmission system utilization.
b) Interfacing & signal generation, exchange management, error detection and
correction.
c) Flow control, addressing & routing, recovery, message formatting, security
d) Network management protocol and protocol architecture, OSI standard TCOP/IP
suite
e) Bus, tree, ring, star, lans, circuit switching and packet switching.
f) Frame relay and ATM, ISD and broadband ISDN, point To Point and multipoint
g) Simplex, Half-Deplex and Full-Deplex transmission, analog and digital data
transmission
Transmission Impairments
Attenuation, Delay Distction, Noise, Channel Cap[acity

Transmission Media
a) Guided transmission Media, Twisted Pair, Coaxial cable and optical fiber.
b) Wireless transmission terrestrial and satellite microwave and broadcast radio.
Data Encoding
Digital data & digital signals
NLC encoding techniques
1) NRZ-L NRZI, Biploar AMI, Pseudotemary, Manchester
2) Differential Manchester
c) Digital Data & Digital singnals, CODEC Encoding Techniques ASK, FSK,
PSK,PSK, QPSK
d) Analog Data & Digital Signals-CIODEC encoding Techniques (PCM, DM)
Analog Data & Analog Signals
Modulation Techniques (AM, FM, PM)
Data Communication Interface
a) Synchronous and Synchronous Transmission
b) Line Configuration, Interfacing, Null Modem
Data Link Control
a) Flow Control technique
b) Stop & wait, sliding window
c) Error detection & control techniques
1) Stop and wait ARQ, Go-Back-N ARQ
2) Selective-rejectarq, High level data link control protocols (HDLC)
Multiplexing
a) Frequency Division Multiplexing
b) Synchronous and statistical time division multiplexing
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) Data Communication, by William Stallings
2) Computer Networks, by Tennenbaum
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Code: BCS352 Credit Hours: 3

Artificial Intelligence
Introduction
Intelligence, artificial intelligence, artificial intelligence as a field of computer
science, branches of artificial intelligence

Natural language processing

Understanding, generation

Expert Systems
Basic structur5e characteristics, usefulness

Speech Processing
Speech recognition and generation

Knowledge Representation
Rules, logic, semantic networks, frames, scripts

Search
Depth-first search, breadth-first search,
Heuristic search (hill climbing)

Computer Vision
Introduction to vision processing

Robotics
History, types, laws, usefulness

Neural Networks
The human nervous system, the neuron, design, principles for neural networks
(connectionist model)
Introduction to prolog and lisp

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) Artificial intelligence, By Elaine Rich, McGraw Hill Book Company
2) Crash course in artificial intelligence and expert systems, by Louis E. Frenzel Jr.,
Howard W.Sams & Co.
3) Prolog programming and application, by W.D.Burn’ham & A.R.Hall, Mac Millen
Education Ltd.
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Code: BCS353 Credit Hours: 4
Software Engineering-I
Intoduction
a) The evolving Role of software
b) Software: A crisis on the horizon, software Myths
The process
a) Software engineering-A layered Technology
b) The software process, software process models, the linear sequential model
c) The prototyping model the rad model, evolutionary software process models
Project Management Concepts
The management spectrum, people, the problem, the process
System Engineering
a) Computer-based system, the system engineering hierarchy
b) Information engineering, information strategy planning, business area analysis
c) Product engineering, modeling the system architecture
d) System modeling and simulation, system specification
Analysis Concepts And Principles
a) Requirements analysis, communication techniques, analysis principles
b) Software prototyping, specification, specification review
Analysis Modeling
a) A brief history, the elements of the analysis model, data modeling
b) Functional modeling and information flow, behavioural modeling
c) The mechanics of structured analysis, the data dictionary
d) An overview of other classical analysis methods
Design Concepts and Principles
a) The design process, design principles, design concepts, effective modular
design
b) Design heuristics for effective modularity, the design model, design
documentation
Design Methods
a) Data design, architectural design, the architectural design process
b) Transform mapping, transaction mapping, design post processing
c) Architectural design optimization, interface design, human computer interface
design
d) Interface design guidelines, procedural design
Software Testing Methods and Object oriented Pradigm
a) Software testing methods
a. Software testing fundamentals, test case design, white box testing
b. Basis path testing, control structure testing, black box testing
c. Testing for specialized environments
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Software Engineering 4th Edition, by Reger Pressman
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-V

Code: BCS354 Credit Hours: 4

Programming Languages-III (Java)

Introduction to Jave
a) Introduction, data types, syntax etc.
b) Writing simple Java console applications

Applets
a) Introduction to AWT and applets, use of AWT component in Java application
b) Writing simple applets

Servelts
a) Introduction to servlts, servlets life cycle
b) Developing basic servlets
c) Using doPost, doGet, service according to HTML form
d) SSI (server side include)
e) Session management

Advanced Java
a) Packages and Interfaces
b) Exceptions

Java Class libraries

a) Threads
b) Writing Java applications
c) The Java class libraries

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) Java Develpper’s Guide by jameie Jawarski. Macmillan computer Pub;
ISBN: 1575212986
2) Inside servlets: server-side programming for Java Platform by Dustin R.
Callaway, Addison Wesley Publishing Company;ISBN: 0201379635
3) Java-software solutions, foundations of program design, by John Lewis and
William Loftus, Addison Wesley Longman. Inc.
4) Java, How to program, by Dietel & Deitel, Prentice Hall International, Inc.
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_____________________________________________________SEMESTER-VI
Code: BCS361 Credit Hours: 3
Computer Architecture
Computer Architecture Introduction
a) Introduction to computer system architecture
b) Evolution of computers (from mechanical to electronic)
Basics of Computer Architecture
a) Hardware and firmware
b) Basics of computer architecture
c) Introduction
d) Computer structures
e) Type of computers and future trend computer instruction set
Detailed study of different Instruction types
a) 1/O instructions reduced instruction sets computers
b) Case study: RISC (University of California Berkeley)
Execution
a) Introduction of execution unit (EU)
b) Register sections
c) General register design
d) Combinatorial design of adders
ALU Design & BIT SLICE Processor Control Unit
a) ALU design
b) BIT SLICE Processor Control unit
a. Basic concepts
b. Design methods (hardwired control design and micro programmed control
unit)
Memory organization
a) Primary memory design (ROM/RAM)
b) Secondary memory (hard disk, floppy disk, CD-Rom) Cache memory, virtual memory
management.
Input/Output Design
a) Cache memory
a. Associative mapping
b. Direct mapping
b) Segmentation and paging, and input / output design
a. Programmed I/O
b. Standard I/O unconditional programmed I/O
c. Interrupt I/O
d. Computer organization
e. Microprocessor and its supports circuitry
f. Peripheral devices
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) Modern computer architecture by M.Moris. mano, Prentice Hall International Editions (3rd
editions)
2) Computer organization and architecture, by William Stallings
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Code: BCS362 Credit Hours: 3

Numerical Analysis

Error Analysis
a) Definition of error, sources of error, significant digits, precision and accuracy
b) Effect of rounding errors in arithmetic operations, numerical cancellation
c) Evaluation functions by series expansion and estimation of errors

Non-Linear Equations
a) Method to solve non-linear equations, simple interactive procedure
b) Acceleration of convergence, newton’s Raphons method, the Bisection
method
c) The Secant method, method of false portion multiple roots zeros of
polynomials

Linear System of Equations

a) Basic concepts, methods to solve a system of linear equations, Cramer’s rule
b) Guassian elimination method, triangular decomposition method
c) Triangular decomposition forsymmetric matrices
d) Solution of Tridiaagonal system of equation, Jacobi’s method, Guassseidel
method

Finite Differences
a) Difference table, detection and correction of errors in a difference table
b) Forward difference operator, backward difference operator, central difference
operator
c) Shift operator, mean operator, relationship between operators

Interpolation
a) Choice of a /suitable interpolation formula
b) Type of interpolatin formulas for equally-paced data points
c) Type of interpolation formulas for unequally spaced data points
d) Interpolation with central difference formula, stirling’s interpolation formula
e) Bessel’s interpolation formula, Everett’s interpolatin formula
f) Ganssian interpolatin formula, Lagrange’s formula, Iterative, interpolation
methd
g) Error estimation in interpolation

Numerical Differentiation
a) Derivation of differentiation formulas, relationship between operators E and D
b) Derivatives using Newton’s forward difference formula
c) Derivatives using Newton’s backward difference formula
 d) Derivations using central difference formulas

Numerical integration-I
a) Derivation of integration formulas, trapezoidal rule, simpson’s 1/3rd rules
b) Boole’s rule, weddle’s rule, estimation of errors in some Newton cotes
formulas
c) Error in trapezoidal rule, error in simpson’s 1/3rd rule, automatic subdivision of
interval

Numerical integration-II and Ordinary Differential Equations

a) Repeated use of trapezoidal rule, Romberg’s integration method
b) Ordinary differential equations
a. Classification of differential equations, categories of ODEs
b. Linear and non-linear ODEs, Boundary conditions methods to solve
ODEs.
c. Numerical methods to solve ODEs, picard’s method
c) Taylor series method, Eoler’s method and its variations

Ordinary Differential Equations

a) Runge-Kutta methods, Predictor-Corrector methods
b) Milne-Simpson predictor-corrector method, Adams-bashforth predictor-
corrector method
c) Adams-Moulton method
d) Solution of simultaneous and higher-order ordinary equations
e) Solution of first order simultaneous differential equations solution ofan nth
order differential equations

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
A first course in Numerical Analysis with FORTRAN and C, Third edition, by Saeed Akhtar
Bhatti Naeem Akhtar Bhatti
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Code: BCS363 Credit Hours: 3

Network Design

Introduction to Computer Network

a) The use of networks, advantages of networks, communications networks
b) Point to point and multidrop circuits, network topologies and design goals
c) Connecting the analog and digital worlds, the modem synchronization
networks components
d) Synchronization codes, asynchronous and synchronous transmission
e) The communication port, additional networks components
Communication between computers and Devices
a) Traffic control and accountability checking for error, WANs, and LANs
b) Classification of communication protocols, polling/selection systems
c) Selective and group polling, stop and wait, sliding windows nonpolluting
systems
d) Request to send/clear, Xon/Xoff, TDMA, TDM, Register insertion, carrier
sense
e) Token passing, priority slot, carrier sense collision free system
f) Token passing priority system
Layered protocols networks and OSI Model
a) Rational for layered protocols, goals of layered protocols, NW design
problems
b) Communication between layers, a pragmatic illustration, standards
organization
c) ISI standard, layers of OSI

Introduction to TCP/IP
Introduction to internet protocols

Networks
a) Primary attributes of a LAN, broadband and baseband LANs, LAN standards
b) Connection options with LAN, LAN topologies and protocols, token ring
c) Token bus, ISDN
Switching and Routing
Message switching, packet routing, packet switching

Internet Services

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Computer Networks Protocols, Standards, and Interfaces by ULYSESS BLACK TATTAN
BAM, 3rd Edition.
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Code: BCS364 Credit Hours: 3

Automata Theory

Regular languages
Regular grammars

Finite-State Automata

Compiler-writing tools
Lex, Yacc, etc

Transducers and relationship among them

Context-free languages and grammars

Language recognition
Parsers

Properties of formal languages

Turning computability and understability

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) Automata and formal languages: An introduction, by Dean Kellye, Prentice Hall, 1995
2) Automata and computability, by Dexter C.Kozen, Springer Verlag, 1987
3) An introduction to automata theory (Computer science texts), by M.W.Shields, Books
Britian, 1988.
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Code: BCS365 Credit Hours: 3

DataBases-II
Database administration
a) Introduction, layers of database administration, DBA functions and
responsibilities
Database integrity
a) Introduction
b) Integrity rules
a. Entity integrity
b. Referential integrity
i. Insertion rule
ii. Deletion rule (restrict, nullity, cascade)
iii. Range of values, not null, selection base entry (radio buttons,
check boxes (LOV)
Database Security
a) Introduction
b) Physical security, (locks, logbooks, staff categorization)
c) Database security
a. View, authorization, table subject, object, privileges, user
b. Encryption
Database recovery
a) Introduction, reasons of database failures, database recovery facilities
a. Backup logs (transaction log, database change log)
b) Database recovery methods (restore, roll forward, roll backward)
c) Transaction processing
Database concurrency
a) Introduction, the problem of lost updation
b) Concurrency control methods (optimistic approach, pessimistic approach)
c) Managing the deadlock, transaction integrity
Distributed Databases
a) Introduction, types of distributed databases
b) Advantages and disadvantages of distributed databases
Object Oriented Databases
a) Introduction to object oriented paradigm
b) Differences in object model and relation model
c) Object oriented analysis and design
d) Cost and benefits of object data bases
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) An introduction to Database, by C.J.Date.
2) Database management, by Jaffrey A.Hoffer, 4th edition
Tools: Any SQL based DBMS
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____________________________________________________SEMESTER-VII

Code: BCS471 Credit Hours: 3

Internet Programming
HTML (Hypertext Markup Language)
a) Internet, web and HTML fundamentals
b) What is HTML
c) The world wide web and web servers
d) How web browsers work
e) HTML’s role on the web
f) What you need for a web site
Creating Static Web Pages with HTML
a) Creating a web page and entering text
b) Changing and customization
c) Displaying text in lists
d) Adding graphics to your web pages
e) Hypertext and creating links
f) Issuing links with other HTML tags
Advance HTML
a) Tables, forms, images
b) Frames
c) Multimedia objects
Java Script
a) Data types
b) Control structures
c) Objects & function
d) Event handling
VB Script
a) Introduction, data types, syntax, controls, etc.

Active server pages

Common gateway interface (CGI) Script

Database Connectivity
a) Using ASP
b) Using CGI

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
1) HTML by example by Ann Navarro, Todd Stauffer, Que: ISBN: 0789722283
2) JavaScript Special edition, special edition using Java Script by Andrew Wooldridge,
Mike Morgan, Que. Corp;
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____________________________________________________SEMESTER-VII

Code: BCS472 Credit Hours: 3

Object Oriented Analysis and Design

Introduction
a) Introduction & Definitions
b) OO modeling concepts
c) OO developments

Modeling as a Design Technique

a) Object modeling technique

Object Modeling
a) Objects & class
b) Links & associations
c) Generalization & inheritance
d) Grouping constructs
e) Aggregation
f) Abstract class
g) Multiple inheritance, meta data, candidate key

Dynamic Modeling
a) Events & states
b) Operations, nested state diagram
c) Concurrency, advanced dynamic modeling concepts

Functional Modeling
a) Functional models, DFD
b) Specifying operations, constraints
c) Relation of functional to object and dynamic model

Design Methodology
a) Methodology review
b) OMT as software engineering methodology
c) OMT methodology, impact of OO approach

System Design
a) Overview of system design
b) Breaking of system into sub systems
c) Identifying concurrency
d) Allocating subsystems to processors and tasks
e) Management of data store
f) Handling global recurs
 g) Choosing software control implementation
h) Handling boundary conditions
i) Setting trade-off priorities
j) Common architechtural framework
k) Architecture of ATM system

Implementation
a) Form design to implementation
b) Implementation using programming languages
c) Implementation using database system
d) Implementation using outside a computer

Object diagram compiler

a) Background
b) Problem statement
c) Analysis
d) System design
e) Object design
f) Implementation

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Object oriented analysis and design, by James Rumbaugh, Preutic Hall International.
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____________________________________________________SEMESTER-VII
Code: BCS473 Credit Hours: 3
Software Engineering-II
Introduction
a) Rationale
b) Human factors in software engineering
c) Software engineering concepts

Software Engineering Paradigms

a) Life cycle models
b) Structured methodology
c) Object oriented methodology
d) Application of models in structured and OO methods

System Modeling
a) Modeling tools & techniques
b) DFD, ERD, CFD, STD, etc
c) Application of software engineering tools (structured)

Software Engineering Design Concepts (Structured)

a) Design principles
b) Effective design considerations
c) Design models (architectural design, functional design, data design, and
control models)
d) Application of structured design to problem

Testing Methods
a) Software testing fundamentals
b) Test case design
c) White box testing, basis path testing, control structures testing, and black box
testing
d) Testing for specialized environments
e) Strategic approaches to software testing and strategic issues
f) Unit testing, and integration testing

OO Testing
a) Testing OOA and OOD models
b) OO testing strategies
c) Test case design for OO software
d) Testing methods applicable at class levels
e) Inter class test case design
BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Software engineering, 4th edition, by Roger Pressman
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____________________________________________________SEMESTER-VII

Code: BCS474 Credit Hours: 3

Design and Analysis of Algorithm

analysis of Algorithms
a) Why analyse algorithm? Computational complexity
b) Analysis of algorithm, average-case analysis, example: analysis of quick sort
c) Asymptotic approximations, distributions, portability algorithms

Resource Relations
a) Basic properties, first-order recurrences, non-linear first order recurrences
b) Higher-order recurrences, methods for solving recurrences
c) Binary divide and conquer recurrences and binary numbers
d) General divide and conquer recurrences

Generating Functions
a) Ordinary generating functions, exponential generating functions
b) Generating function solution of recurrences, expanding generation functions
c) Transformation with generating functions, functional equation on generating
functions
d) Solving the quicksort median of three recurrence with OGFs
e) Counting with generating functions, the symbolic methods, LaGrange
inversion
f) Probability generating functions, bivariate generating functions, special
functions

Asymptotic Approximations
a) Notation for asymptotic approximations, asymptotic expansions
b) Manipulating asymptotic expansions, asymptotic approximations of finite
sums
c) Euler-maclaurin summation, bivariate asymptotic, laplace method
d) Normal examples from the analysis of algorithms
e) Poisson examples from the analysis of algorithms, generating function
asymptotic

Permutations
a) Basic properties of permutation, algorithms of permutation
b) Representing of permutation enumeration process
c) Analyzing properties of permutations with CGFs, inversion and insertion sorts
d) Left to right minima and selection sort, cycles and in situ permutation
Strings and Tries
a) String searching, combinatorial properties of Bit string and regular
expressions
b) Finite state automata and the Knuth Morris Praft algorithms
c) Context free grammars, tries, trie algorithms, combinatorial properties of tries
d) Larger alphabets

Words
a) Hashing with separate chaining
b) Basic properties of words
c) Birthday paradox and coupon collector problem
d) Occupancy restrictions and external parameters
e) Occupancy distributions
f) Open addressing hashing

Mapping
a) Maps
b) Integer factorization and maps

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
An introduction to analysis of algorithm by Robert Sedgewick and Phillppe Flajobat
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____________________________________________________SEMESTER-VII

Code: BCS475 Credit Hours: 3

Computer Graphics
Fundamentals
a) Introduction, pints and lines
b) Planes and co-ordinates, line segments
Fundamentals (continued)
a) Perpendicular lines, vectors, pixels and frame buffers
b) Vector generatin character generation, displaying the buffer
Graphics I/O Devices
a) Calligraphic refresh display
b) Raster refresh display
c) Keyboard
d) Graphics tablet
Drawing algorithms
a) Lines
b) Bresenham’s algorithm
c) Curves
d) Rectangle
e) Rounded rectangles
2-D Tansformations
a) Uses for transformations
b) Modeling, mapping
c) 2-D co-ordinate transformations
d) Matrix representation
e) Homogeneous co-ordinates
3-D Transformations and Projections
a) Parallel and perspective projections
b) 3D shifting, 3D scaling, 3D Rotations, composite 3D transformation, projects
Scan Conversion Techniques
a) Real-time scan conversion
b) Run-length encoding
Clipping and Windowing
a) Viewing transformation, specification of window and viewport, clipping
b) Algorithms, Sutherland cohen algorithm for clipping lines,
c) Sutherland cohen algorithm for clipping polygons

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Hearn, Baker, Introduction to Computer Graphics, Prentice Hall Press
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___________________________________________________SEMESTER-VIII

Code: BCS481 Credit Hours: 3

Network Strategies

Circuits Switching & Packet Switching

a) Switched communication networks
b) Circuit switching networks
c) Control signaling
a. Signaling function
b. Common channel signaling
d) Packet switching principles
e) Routing in switched networks
a. Routing in circuit-switching networks
b. Routing in packet-switching networks
i. Characteristics
ii. Routing strategies
f) Congestion control
g) X.25 Protocol
Frame Relay and Asynchronous Transmission (ATM)
a) Background
b) Frame relay protocols architecture
c) Congestion control in frame relay
d) ATM protocol architecture
e) ATM logical connections
f) ATM cells
g) ATM adaptation layer
h) ISDN and broad band ISDN
i) ISDN channels
j) User access
k) ISDN protocols
l) Broadband protocols
Internetworking and Network Security
a) Principles of internetworking
b) Connectionless and connection oriented networking
c) The internet protocols
d) Internet control message protocol (ICMP)
e) IPv6
f) Subneting and supervening
g) Security requirement and hacks
h) Authentication and hash functions
a. Approaches to message authentication
b. One-way hash function (SHA-I)
i) Public key encryption and digital signatures
 a. Public key encryption
b. The RSA public key encryption algorithm
c. Key management
j) IPv4 and IPv6 security
k) NetBIOS
Protocols and Architecture
a) Protocol
b) The need for protocol architecture
c) A simple protocol architecture
d) OSI
e) The TCP/IP protocol architecture
f) Internet protocol address resolution protocols (ARP)
g) Resolving local and remote IP address
h) Internet group management protocols (IGMP)
i) Routing protocols
j) Border gateway protocol (BGP)
k) Routing information protocols (RIP)
l) Open shortest path first (OSPF)
Transport Protocols
a) Process-to-process delivery
a. Client server paradigm
b. Addressing
c. IANA ranges
d. Socket address
e. Multiplexing and demultiplexing
b) Connectionless versus connection oriented service
c) User datagram protocol (UDP), UDP header, application
d) Transport control protocol
a. Port numbers
b. TCP services
c. Numbering bytes
d. Sequence number
e. Segment
f. Connection
Network/Data Link Control, Protocol and Microsoft Networking Protocol Suite
a) High level data link control protocol (HDLC)
b) Serial line internet control protocol
c) Point to pint protocol
d) NWlink NetBEUI
Distributed Application Protocols
a) Abstract syntax notation one (ASN-a) NetWork management-SNMPv2
b) Electronic mail SMTP and MIME
URL and URI
a) Uniform Resource Locator (URL) and Universal Resource Identifiers (URI)
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___________________________________________________SEMESTER-VIII

Code: BCS482 Credit Hours: 3

Compiler Construction

Introduction to Compiler
b Compiler and interpreter
c) Cousins of compiler- preprocessor, assembler, loader and Code generation
Organization of Compiler
a) Front-end-phase, Lexical, syntax, semantic intermediate Code generation
b) Back-end-phase, Code Optimization, Target Code Generation
Lexical Analysis
a) Token Specification & identification
b) Regular expression
c) Finite Automata, Non deterministic and deterministic Automata
Syntax Analysis
a) Context free grammar, Ambiguity in Grammar and its removal
b) Parsing Techniques
1. Top down parsing, recursive decent parsing, predictive parsing, non

recursive predictive parsing.

2. Bottom up parsing, Operator preceding parsing, LR parsing
Semantic Analysis
a) Type checking
b) Type conversion

Intermediate Code generation

a) Syntax tree, DAG, Three Address Code, Prefix Notation
b) Implementation of Three Address Code mechanism
Code Optimization
a)Optimization of basic blocks
b)Global Data flow analysis
c)Code improving Transformation

Target code generation

Symbolic Table Management

Storage allocation
Error Detection and recovery

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Compilers principles, techniques and tools by Aho, Sethi Ulmann
 UNIVERSITY OF MALAKAND
Chakdara Dir (L) N.W.F.P Pakistan
Ph: 0945-763441 Fax: 0945-763491
www.uom.edu.pk
___________________________________________________SEMESTER-VIII

Code: BCS483 Credit Hours: 3

Software Project Management

Introduction to software project management

a) introduction to software
b) Introduction to software engineering
c) Introduction to software project management
d) Failure rates of software projects
e) How to reduce these failure rates
f) Characteristics of good project manager

Software developments problems

a) What is software project risk
b) Type of project risk
c) How to manage software risk (Risk analysis)

The software development cycle

a) Variation on water fall theme
The concept phase, the software requirement phase, the design phase the
implementation phase, the integration phase, atmosphere during the
integration and implementation phase
Problem during testing phase.
The maintenance phase
a) Atmosphere during the maintenance phase, problem during maintenance
phase
b) The IEEE 1074 standard, selection of the project life cycle model
c) Project management processes, pre-Development, Development post
development process, integral process

Managing software projects

a) The software team structure
b) Stepwise refinement approach
c) Work breakdown structure approach

Software project management in a Client/Server Environment

a) introduction to client server incitement
b) Project management advantage and disadvantages of client/server
environment
c) Selection criteria of client/server environment
d) tips of managing a client server environments
Project support functions and development standard
a) introduction to software configuration control(SSC)
b) Introduction to software Quality Assurance (SQA)

Project scheduling and estimates

a) Introduction to scheduling
b) Gantt chart, PERT chart
c) The critical path
d) Introduction to estimates, the Construction Cost Model (COCOMO)

BOOKS____________________________________________________________
Software Project Management: A practitioners approach E.M Benetton, Addison
Wesley Press.