US Af-Pak Strategy; Complete failure of Pakistan

Foreign Policy

Submitted By
Kiran Khurshid

INTRODUCTION

Comprehensive new strategy unveiled - "AfPak" strategy. National Security Adviser

General James Jones wrote, the United States "- as both a challenge in a region
countries will treat Afghanistan and Pakistan, but as".the threat of Al Qaeda and it
comes from extremist allies "because the main focus of eradication in Pakistan. he said
the US will increase, while at least 5 years to 1.5 billion $ for Pakistan said extended for
the next five years, but "no blank check" will be there. instead, benchmarks for progress
and estimated time will be there. in addition to Afghanistan to 17,000 troops, more than
4, 000 will be sent to train the Afghan National Security forces to enable it to take
responsibility for their fastest Afghanistan. Obama more resources to contribute to
Afghanistan and military efforts, safety and societybuilding in Pakistan will be dedicated
to.Increase economic aid to Pakistan is welcome, though, should be the
counterinsurgency training, equipment and operations offering more security aid to
Pakistan. O'Hanlon writes that the need for a strong international coordinator of aid
management and economic development in Afghanistan. 1 Then, "quite weak and
understaffed" Afghan ministries to deal with several projects and donors. The two
representatives of the international community will give a view of the Afghan
government and Western contact, which can be expected to accountability. As
mentioned earlier, the editorial focus on the reasons for linking Afghanistan and
Pakistan in the new policy of the US administration. Brian Bender and Brian MacQuarrie
report in the Boston Globe, Undersecretary of Defence Michele Flournoy, 11 policy
efforts are hampered by the instability of Pakistan and Afghanistan. He further pointed
out that increases the risk of failure to failure "in Afghanistan and Pakistan. This
dialogue must recognize the centerpiece of every dimension of our strategy"The report
also General Petraeus' warning that includes the Swat Valley would jeopardize the
government's ability to prevent infiltration rate in other parts of the country. Moreover,
the Taliban operate along the Afghan border and will allow you to speed up attacks
against US and Afghan troops.

Significance of the Study

Pakistan, Afghanistan and united states are facing the same challenge of terrorism.
Pakistan and Afghanistan is directly facing the problem. Pakistan has paid a huge in this
regard. But in spite of that Pakistan did not adopt a good policies to deal with these
country. As a matter of fact Pakistan s its a total failure of Pakistans foreign policy.
Ahmad, Ishtiaq. "The US Af-Pak strategy: challenges and opportunities for Pakistan." Asian
Affairs: An American Review 37, no. 4 (2010): 191-209.
1

Pakistan should make an efficient and strong foreign policy to deal with the current
scenario.
Problem Statement
Countries change their preferences with the passage of time and they make policies
which help them to survive efficiently in the worlds politics. Pakistan has very lenient
policies towards USA and Afghanistan. Pakistan should have the fresh new policy to
deal with super powers as well as the to combat with the regional threat from
Afghanistan.

Hypothesis
Pakistan has not an efficient foreign policy to combat with the new emerging challenges
in this regards Pakistan has to work on the strategies which help the country to
encounter the challenges. Whether it is in the shapes of United States or Afghanistan.
PAKISTANI PERSPECTIVES

Articles and the most AfPak strategy should focus on Pakistan's interests reports.
Emerged reasons that come attached to the financing attacks and the anger of the club
together with these countries, are angry.Af-Pak strategic review, the research.org17 well
weaken it and make fun of Pakistan's sovereignty disrespects American operations in
the tribal areas. These attacks are a "factor of great encouragement" of new recruits to
terrorist organizations and public disgust deepened.What the review will be extended to
FATA or destroyed in the attacks in Balochistan and argued that Pakistan will plunge
into chaos. Some reports AfPak strategy moves the emphasis on the condition of aid.
Rahim Ullah Yousafzai wrote that it seemed that for 18 visit Pakistan "... make a
payment of US money if it adheres to regular US standards." It is the nature of tense
relations with Pakistan, based mistrust and friction. The Research.org19 a blank check
"more aid" and to require Pakistan to some extent under conditions that are not "poor,
have argued that economic support in disadvantaged areas" extremist and terrorist
threat the best answer for. "Often repeated claims of commitment" that monitors the US
while "development" has angered many in Pakistan. However, the review also
considered the deal is accepted, it is not wrong to use $ 10 billion in the past. Americans
are a relief to say that the vision of development aid considering the amount PPP being
received by, the chances of being funded, "lost forever more" Zeenia offered by Satti20
is. However, this view ignores Obama's claim is not being specific criteria will have to
complete and support "blank check."
AFGHAN PERSPECTIVES

Many articles and reports to AfPak strategy as harmful to peace and development in
Afghanistan. The reasons for the killing of civilians by military operations, less emphasis
on the development of civil society, and get an idea of America's indifference to modern
and prosperous Afghanistan. eurasianet.org fears surge in Afghanistan, a report says 24
that raises that would increase civilian suffering. A major source of friction between the
coalition forces and the local population have been killing civilians from military
operations. For such international organizations as Human Rights Watch, the need to
provide basic security to the Afghan conflict and non-conflict zones are calling for more
attention. Amnesty International also called for greater accountability for violations of
humanitarian law by the coalition.

INDIAN PERSPECTIVES
Many more articles in the Indian press that is the wisdom of India's interests AfPak
strategy. At the root of the problem is linked to the Kashmir policy, possibly destabilization of the neighborhood is also an important factor. Obama criticized the
reference to the need to pursue "constructive diplomacy" with India and Pakistan and
implicit suggested an editorial in the Hindu 31 reduces the potential of cooperation in
the construction project of Pakistan Kashmir. Indian military presence in Kashmir border
is not as if the Pakistani army is engaged taxes. Control has been a considerable
relaxation of tension on the line has moved to reduce their differences on Kashmir in the
last four years as both countries. Vardarajan32 new strategy Siddharth New Delhi and
Islamabad and India described how contact with military instability Afghanistan-Pakistan
border relations should be done to deal with it. Al destroy Pakistan's ability to help
depends on the strength and security. The first obstacle to US economic aid, and aim to
solve other through "constructive diplomacy" with both India and Pakistan. US sees the
lack of peace on the Line of Control as the pressure on Pakistan and because of this, in
turn, a distraction from efforts against al Qaeda and the Taliban in Afghanistan.When the
Soviet military intervention in December1979, was published as a political irritant for
most of Pakistan in Afghanistan,A registered and resentful neighbors. Represented by
Afghan irredentismCall for a Pashtunistan (Push- for an independent state border tuns),
although Pakistan was potentially a challenge to national sovereignty,Imagine managing
mainly, because of the economic and military, Afghanistan was no match for Pakistan.
Pakistan adversarial relationship with In-Posed serious problems for the diameter and
the regional instabilityNational Security. However, the Soviets deployed, togetherKabul
a regime arming with Moscow's own making, the tired the picture by presenting what
was perceived to be a geostrategic threat. Supposedly, the Soviet Union can be
expected to use Afghanistan as a stepPing legendary rock Ocean meet RussianThe
dream of a warm water port.In December, in anticipation of the involvement of the Soviet

Army1979, as a political provocation for Afghanistan and Pakistan was mainly apparent,An
irritable and angry neighbors. Represented by Afghan irredentismCall for a Pashtunistan (Pushfor an independent state bordertuns), to national honor, Pakistan is potentially a challenge was,
though,Cost-effectively, because the military considered easy, Afghani-There was no difference
Stan Pakistan. Facing more problems in Pakistan strongly opposed affairs with the diameter of
the local instabilityNational security. However, the Soviets deployed,togetherKabul
administration with a self-arming of Moscow, the tered the picture by presenting what was
perceived to be a geostrategic threat. Supposedly, the Soviet Union can be expected to use
Afghanistan as a stepPing legendary rock Ocean meet RussianThe dream of a warm water
port.So, of course, the intentions of the Soviet Union, they wereI went through the Gwadar port in Pakistan sumed
wayBalochistan and therefore, perhaps, to control the oil-rich PersianBay. The project their worst moments can
imagine having to manufacturersFight a two front war will face a pincer movement as the armyThe Soviet Union and
were joined by their Afghan allies, Pakistan GeneralThe plaintiff, India. There was no intention to direct the Soviet
Union, even ifAgainst Pakistan, a war that dragged on the risk exists, Drawing could spill over into Pakistan as a
militant. A victory byThis was especially the communists, would leave a permanent settlement riskThe possibility of
involving the Soviet military presence in Afghanistan indefinitely.Once it became trapped in the Soviet Afghan
warResistance, the less likely a frontal attack on Pakistan. MorePakistan likely than outright aggression was likely to
be aWith the victims of the uprising risks mainly aim to weaken its determinationThe inciting separatist movements.
The most serious of thesecen- long been the goal of ethnic groups with grievancesTral government. Insurgents were
likely among the candidatesProcommunist Sindh and Baloch nationalists. infiltra- based strategyTion of the arms and
subversives, who did not succeed in breaking evenWill question the government's ability to maintain the country's
peaceAnd weaken the authoritraly.

Bilateral Relation
The strategic options for Pakistan have altered greatly in the 1990s. Withthe Soviet
army's withdrawal completed in February 1989, the attention ofPakistani officials turned
from concerns about military involvement toplans for fashioning a role for Pakistan in
concluding the Afghan war.Beyond this, Pakistan's leaders were faced with putting their
relationshipwith postwar authority in Afghanistan on a secure and cooperative
basis.2The war brought to a close with Afghans and Pakistanis, moreKnowledge of each
other, pointed to prospects for economic independence. How political developments
indicated in bothCountries can be expected to impact on the stability and prospects for
independent foreign policies.

United States and Pakistan Relation

A stable, democratic, prosperous Pakistan is considered vital to U.S. interests. U.S.
concerns regarding Pakistan include regional and global terrorism, Afghan stability,
2 Ibid (Weinbaum, Marvin G. "Pakistan and Afghanistan: The strategic relationship." Asian
Survey 31, no. 6 (1991): 496-511.)

democratization and human rights protection, the ongoing Kashmir problem and
Pakistan-India tensions, and economic development. 3
A stable, democratic and prosperous Pakistan is important to US interests. American
concerns about Pakistan regional and global terrorism, Afghan stability, democracy
and human rights, the ongoing problem of Kashmir and Indo-Pak tension, and
economic development4. Replaced by an American and recruited after Pakistan as
an important ally in the anti-terrorist efforts under the leadership of terrorist attacks
and the US around 2001 to mark America by periods of both Pakistan relations of
cooperation and conflict was given. Although top US officials about Islamabad's
commitment to some basic American interests long-held suspicions, praised
Pakistan for its cooperation. Pakistan terrorist groups and their supporters is
identified as a basis for operating in Kashmir, India, and Afghanistan. US officials are
concerned that a major barrier to the infiltration of Islamic militants from Pakistan to
defeat the Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan across the border. Obama stated
intention to continue pursuing close and mutually beneficial relations with the
administration of Islamabad. As part of the "new strategy" for Afghanistan,
administration conditioning a "more reasonable" aims to develop Pakistan's policy
against American militarism and nonmilitary aid tripled to improve Pakistan's lives
to add that the Islamabad military aid to the government's progress. Pakistan after
more than 5.3 $ billion acquisition in 2001, the relief, development and the military
compensation for 3.1 billion $, and support counterterrorism efforts in humanitarian
assistance in the US, including 6.7 billion $ is one of the leading recipients. 5

A view of our relationship with the role of Islam in Pakistan's Haqqaniviews

America and its future. Pakistan identifies and intertwined relationship between Islam
and Pakistan state "has deep roots in Pakistan's position on an ideological Islamic state,
and the two are connected with the praetorian ambitions of the worldview of the
Pakistani army and the Pakistani elite." (In the US, 2005). Hussain Haqqani said that
Pakistan concentration of the state's military capabilities and
External threats and geopolitical concerns Pakistan is internally weak. He said that the
Pakistani generals seized power four times, "even during the civilian government

3 Kronstadt, K. Alan. "Pakistan-US Relations." LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON

DC CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, 2009.

Bush, George W. The national security strategy of the United States of America. EXECUTIVE
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC, 2002.
4

Kronstadt, K. Alan. Pakistan-US relations: A summary. Congressional Research Service, 2011.

periods, general intelligence apparatus of political influence, particularly the InterServices Intelligence (ISI) organization through defines used. (US, 2005)
Haqqani explains that Islam has strong military and government
Organizations and religious groups to come up with a powerful, emerging as
-connected Force in Pakistani society. 6Haqqani Pakistan military and civil bureaucracy
even as Islamic extremist groups argue that the special status and privileges "champion
of the cause of securing Kashmir to Pakistan with Pakistan's nuclear deterrent
capability." (US, 2005) argue that the payment of US generals for US policy on Pakistan
to combat communism and always easy Alliance and has been on the terror. US offers
US demand and 13civil asuggestion society and to help encourage secularism and
religious fundamentalism end, he does not discuss how the agency might change
implemented.Waldman study claims Pakistan'sintelligence powerful iPhonebased on
the interviews with nine Taliban commanders in Afghanistan, working three rebel
commanders southern Afghanistan, three and three, as well as a high-level Taliban
intermediary in the south.He said that 10 former senior Taliban officials from a number
of Afghan elders, politicians along with politicians and analysts, as well as foreign
diplomats and security officials. Research assistant interviewed six further insurgents.
Waldman's study, he said, the economy is published by the London School of relations
between Pakistan and the Taliban is believed that currently goes far beyond that.
"Taliban, Taliban commanders is a strong stimulus endogenous maintained and strictly
according to the ISI orchestrates movement, impact, though" (Waldman, 2010).
Waldman is clearly making the show that ISI strategic decision to emphasize that
"significant influence" Taliban control field operations and most violent insurgent units,
some of which appear based in Pakistan.
Waldman research Taliban which is known as the Quetta Council was the Taliban's
supreme leadership council, date, participants, or ISI, the official representation was
claimed as observers, explains . In his research, Waldman said President of Pakistan
Asif Ali Zardari personally captive, senior Taliban leaders concluded they had "our
people" and assured that their support was. He was apparently from the prison.Life,
history, and historical idea of Pakistan militant tactics and politics in the newspaper
Grare Islam and extremist groups to analyze the weakness of the paper 7. The creation
of Pakistan, history, and follow Grare end of the study the role of Islam and proposed a
strategic perspective "states that the campaignagainst should stop political Islam in
Pakistan because of it. The opposing political Islam a pproach the opposite has proved
6 Cohen, Stephen P. The idea of Pakistan. Brookings Institution Press, 2004.Ekovich, Steven.

"US Foreign Policy under President Obama and the Challenge of Pakistan."

the role of the US dependence on Pakistan. "(Grare, 2007) described above

demonstrates Grare argues failure.Slippery slope of the United States and the proposed
Pakistan's troubles strategies to empower civilian leadership and the democratic system
as a solution for strategy execution in the grand strategy of the international community
is how deep the relationship between the Grare is that it does not recognize Pakistan's
civilian, military and Islamic leadership. The problem is that Islamic ideology and Islamic
extremist groups in Pakistan's civil and military leadership of Pakistan are involved in its
approach to Pakistan are deeply entrenched in the fabric. "The military, civilian
establishment is not the lack of a democratic culture to Pakistan dominate, silence did
not accept the military's power. Afghanistan are increasing numbers of security forces,
training, quality, equipment, However, political leadership and their object.
Pakistan's government and army, supported by the Taliban on one side, the Durand
Line Durand Line and Afghanistan face a growing pressure from the Pakistani Taliban in
Pakistan. At the present time, "brought forgot to play in considering Iraq to fight" by
focusing shift of the Obama administration in 2008 many problems AF / PAK region, first
in Afghanistan, focused the shift has brought much-needed resources and NATO ISAF
troops in March 2010 by about 89,000 troops and 215,000 Afghan security forces on the
ground "for the war in Afghanistan, NATO's ISAF troops and 131,000 the 93,000
266,000 Afghan police and army went to the current total overall increase. "(Jackson
and Kamminga, 2011). Troops and General David Petraeus's strategy to increase
invigorated NATO and Afghan forces are able to achieve some success in specific areas
of security. Furthermore, the idea of Durand Line to a decisive position and operation of
safe havens for Taliban and Al Qaeda leadership in Pakistan's tribal region located
Pashton to have been dealt with drones.8
The attacks led to a very successful operation, activities, supplies have been caused
severe disruption, communications and Taliban Pakistan side of the Durand Line rebels.
"A strong, say six months, the predator strikes campaign in Pakistan has inflicted a loss
on al Qaeda militants started out confused violence towards each other and distrust, US
intelligence and counterterrorism officials. . since August 31, CIA predator strikes out at
least 38 in northwest Pakistan (Miller, lA Times, 2009) is performed, in 2006 and 2007
than the combined reported 10 attacks. ". On the other hand, the constant attacks by
insurgents and rebels change tactics to attack civilians and soft targets and symbolic
impression that the rebels are winning the war in Afghanistan and the region. Two major
factors are working in favor of the rebels. First, they have continued to safe havens,
supply, training and support Pakistan's government in terms of communication Pakistan
Army and the ISI. The rebels element of time in them."The Taliban realize that they are
winning, and objectively look like the number of NATO [North Atlantic Treaty
8 ibid

Organization] Look at the number of deaths, the number of attacks that they're winning.
Speed to be broken. then, secondly, and very seriously, be safe haventhat off the
Taliban and al Qaeda and other jihadists have built in Pakistan. 9
This can only happen with the support of the Pakistani government. "(Reidel, New York
Times, 2009) The role Pakistan plays that AF / PAK evidence of the last decade due to
the conflict in the region coordinates. The negative role of Pakistan rebels in the war
effort a failure, logistical support and training and also alleged in the case of providing
safe havens to operational guidance and supervision, the documentary has been. an
operation against the Pakistani Taliban Pakistan has against Afghan insurgents, who
started working operation Pakistan Army and al-Qaeda Turkey to take against the limit
at some point. Pakistan, geopolitical with Pakistan passion Islamic extremist ideas and
groups to take a stand longstanding strategic vision, and twisted tight alliance for 19
people goalsand goals . thus, the present United States AF / PAK strategy to strategy
for region.Pakistan Pakistan's Afghan strategy in the 80's and 90's and the strategic
position of the United StatesPakistan theory was bolstered by Reagan in 1980 the
colliding with.The United States agreed to the terms of Pakistanis, and Pakistan took control of
Afghanistan. Pimp CIA --ie Mujahideen did not channel its support directly. In other words, for
these covert "was created by the Pakistan ISI". "The CIA has operated indirectly through the
Pakistani ISI intelligence support to the Mujahideen in Afghanistan operated in Washington."
Jihad, "which was careful not to reveal the ultimate goal of destroying the Soviet Union",
successful "." (Chossudovsky, 2008)
November 2008. "(Mazzat and Masood, 2010) theMumbai terrorist attacks. CIA and ISI
differences, stress and physical clashes Inter are based on the commitment
With extremist groups. In terms of the Davis tensions had reached its height: ignored
international law diplomatic immunity in Pakistan, US
Consulate employee Raymond Davis and later accused of being a CIA operator O
. "It was, it seemed simple case of shooting in self-defense in a busy street in Lahore
Bandits ... who whokilled two men, Faizanand Fahim, was Davis, a US citizen and alleged a
memberofthe US Embassy staff ... Davis was already known that the fuel is added to the tip of
the gun fire. Pak-US relations are being threatened. In a country where the US has little
popularity, an "Ambassador" whether they were shooting two Pakistanis, the robbers ornot an
event,
Helped fuel anti-American. Emotions. Held a protest in Karachi by the congregation, the
Islami, a religious party, condemned the killing of hundreds of protesters. "(Distinction, 2011)
Pakistan as a country in the current issue of the old problem of Pakistan's Vision
Muslims and the Islamic state in Pakistan and a long-term commitment and Islamic ideology,
Islamic extremism and the heavy involvement of Islamic fundamentalist groups
9

Far, Would They Really Go That. "Global Research."

Communities, civil government and Pakistan's security forces.

Pakistan and its view of the extent
I made the United Way of Islamic extremism in society becomes a real problem
American goals in AF / PAK region. Thailand is due to the fact that it has been unable to
Pakistan
This perspective, strategies, policies and changing geopolitical objectives. As long as
The vision of the borders of Pakistan's strategic concepts and insecurity in Pakistan
US and NATO allies in the region AF / PAK is contrary to the strategy. United
AF / PAK goal of the US and NATO to establish security and stability in the region to defeat the
terrorist threat and prevent the return of extremists and terrorism in the region. A stable and
secure AF / PAK region understanding that once again terrorists could create a vacuum in the
region to be exploited by Islamic extremists.

Conclusion
Criticism shows a survey of the existing literature on the AfPak strategy: All articles are
published in newspapers and feedback. response to new equipment announcing the
administration of the strategy. The strategic impact of most of the military methods of the
subjects, emphasis on civilian casualties and that the club together with Afghanistan
and Pakistan. Used in the past and future financing by Pakistan is also a concern. US,
Afghanistan and Pakistan - the strategy of the opposition that shows how the three
countries involved interests. Plan benefits when weighed against the negatives seem to
greatly reduce. In addition, the evaluation of any definition for strategy planning rests
seems ideal which will be implemented in full, of this. Several articles (regardless of any
of the countries involved tilt), both local development and inspiring trust and confidence
in solving the needs of people in Afghanistan and Pakistan. This conflict shows growing
concern about the humanitarian problems in the troubled region. Recognition of the link
between poverty, under-development, alienation and emerge as religious extremism
clear.

Bibliography
Ahmad, Ishtiaq. "The US Af-Pak strategy: challenges and opportunities for Pakistan." Asian
Affairs: An American Review 37, no. 4 (2010): 191-209.
Ibid

(Weinbaum, Marvin G. "Pakistan and Afghanistan: The strategic relationship." Asian

Survey 31, no. 6 (1991): 496-511
Kronstadt, K. Alan. "Pakistan-US Relations." LIBRARY OF CONGRESS WASHINGTON DC
CONGRESSIONAL RESEARCH SERVICE, 2009.

Bush, George W. The national security strategy of the United States of America. EXECUTIVE
OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT WASHINGTON DC, 2002.
Kronstadt, K. Alan. Pakistan-US relations: A summary. Congressional Research Service, 2011.
Cohen, Stephen P. The idea of Pakistan. Brookings Institution Press, 2004.
Ekovich, Steven. "US Foreign Policy under President Obama and the Challenge of Pakistan."
ibid

Far, Would They Really Go That. "Global Research."